Studies by Arthur Kellermann and Matthew Miller found that keeping a gun in the home was associated with an increased risk of suicide.

In response to public suggestions by some advocates of firearms for home defense, that homeowners were at high risk of injury from home invasions and would be wise to acquire a firearm for purposes of protection, Kellermann investigated the circumstances surrounding all in-home homicides in three cities of about half a million population each over five years, and found that the risk of a homicide was in fact slightly higher in homes where a handgun was present, rather than lower.

Kleck showed that no more than a handful of the homicides that Kellermann studied were committed with guns belonging to the victim or members of his or her household, and thus it was implausible that victim household gun ownership contributed to their homicide.

" At the same time, Murat was writing to Berthier: " I especially have to tell you about Kellermann ; through a powerful charge he managed to tilt the balance in our favour.

François Christophe Kellermann or de Kellermann, 1st Duc de Valmy ( 28 May 1735 – 23 September 1820 ) was a French military commander, later the Général d ' Armée, and a Marshal of France.

His father was François de Kellermann and his mother baroness Marie von Dyrr ( Dyhrn ).

Transferred to the army on the Moselle, Kellermann was accused by General Custine of neglecting to support his operations on the Rhine ; but he was acquitted at the bar of the National Convention in Paris, and placed at the head of the army of the Alps and of Italy, in which position he showed himself a careful commander and excellent administrator.

When Napoleon came to power Kellermann was named successively senator ( 1800 ), president of the Senate ( 1801 ), honorary Marshal of France ( 19 May 1804 ), and title of Duke of Valmy ( 1808 ).

In his service to the First French Empire, Kellermann was frequently employed in the administration and training of the army.

His son François Étienne de Kellermann, 2nd Duke of Valmy, also fought for Napoleon and was promoted to cavalry general after the Battle of Marengo.

Kellermann's grandson was the politician François Christophe Edmond de Kellermann.

At the moment when the Prussian manœuvre was nearly completed, Kellermann advanced his left wing and took up a position on the slopes between Sainte-Menehould and Valmy.

At the moment when the Prussian manoeuvre was nearly completed, Kellermann, commanding in Dumouriez's momentary absence, advanced his left wing and took up a position between Sainte-Menehould and Valmy.

Kellermann states that as an emergency room doctor, he noted that the number of gunowners injured by their own gun or that of a family member seemed to greatly outnumber the number of intruders shot by the gun of a homeowner, and therefore he determined to study whether or not this was in fact true.

In the war of 1792 he was at once made Chief of Staff to Marshal Lückner, and he bore a distinguished part in the Argonne campaign of Dumouriez and Kellermann.

In pursuance of this object Ney, to whom III Cavalry Corps ( Kellermann ) was now attached, was to mass at Quatre Bras and push an advanced guard northward of that place, with a connecting division at Marbais to link him with Grouchy.

He was employed as assistant to Kellermann ’ s son, Adjutant-General François Étienne de Kellermann in May, 1796.

François Christophe Edmond de Kellermann, 3rd Duc de Valmy ( 1802-1868 ) was a French statesman, diplomat in the July Monarchy, and a historian of politics.

He was the son of François Étienne de Kellermann and the grandson of marshal François Christophe de Kellermann.

Lasalle campaigned in Belgium and through family friendship with François Christophe Kellermann he won back his grade of lieutenant and became aide-de-camp of then General Kellermann on 10 March 1795.

In his first publication on the subject, in 1986, Kellermann studied all gunshot related deaths in Seattle over six years, and found that

The two forces had been essentially equal in size, Kellermann with approximately 36, 000 troops and 40 cannon, and Brunswick with 34, 000 and 54 cannon.

Other critics of Kellermann's work and its use by advocates of gun control point out that since it deliberately ignores crimes of violence occurring outside the home ( Kellermann states at the outset that the characteristics of such homicides are much more complex and ambiguous, and would be virtually impossible to classify rigorously enough ), it is more directly a study of domestic violence than of gun ownership.

Flourishing with the challenges of staff work, the young soldier stayed with Kellermann when he transferred to the Army of Italy on 6 May 1795.

Some of the most famous generals of the French Revolution also came from Alsace, notably Kellermann, the victor of Valmy, and Kléber, who led the armies of the French Republic in Vendée.

Montbrun was considered, as a leader of heavy cavalry, second only to Kellermann of all the generals of the First Empire.

Instead, the association that Kellermann found between gun ownership and victimization merely reflected the widely accepted notion that people who live in more dangerous circumstances are more likely to be murdered, but also were more likely to have acquired guns for self-protection prior to their death.

Murat and Kellermann immediately pounced on the supporting Liechtenstein Dragoons who were too slow to respond and routed them as well.

But Dumouriez, who had been training his raw troops at Valenciennes in constant small engagements, with the purpose of invading Belgium, now threw himself into the Argonne by a rapid and daring flank march, almost under the eyes of the Prussian advance guard, and barred the Paris road, summoning Kellermann to his assistance from Metz.

Kellermann, who had resumed command, appealed to Carnot for reinforcements.

Melas, trapped in Alessandria with his hopes of breaking through the east shattered, sent the same evening to Vienna a message in which he explained that the " charge of Kellermann had broken the soldiers and this sudden and terrible change of fortunes finished by smashing the courage of the troops.

The commanders-in-chief of the armies became political " suspects "; and before a serious action had been fought, the three armies commanded respectively by Rochambeau, Lafayette and Luckner had been reorganized into two commanded by Dumouriez and Kellermann.

Kellermann moved but slowly, and before he arrived the northern part of the line of defence had been forced.

In 1988, Kellermann published a study comparing robberies, burglaries, assaults, and homicides in Seattle, Washington and Vancouver, British Columbia, a city " similar to Seattle in many ways " that had " adopted a more restrictive approach to the regulation of handguns.

Piszel had been succeeded at Freddie by David Kellermann.

The association had numerous writers as its member, including Willi Bredel, Fritz Erpenbeck, Bernhard Kellermann, Victor Klemperer, Anna Seghers, Bodo Uhse, Arnold Zweig.

Dumouriez once again moved against the Austrian Netherlands and Kellermann ably secured the front at Metz.

Dumouriez, undaunted, changed front so as to face north, with his right wing on the Argonne and his left stretching towards Châlons, and in this position Kellermann joined him at Sainte-Menehould on 19 September 1792.

Kellermann swung the final two grenadier battalions wide to the right and succeeded in breaking into Vimeiro.

Marshal Kellermann served in varying roles throughout the entirety of two epochal conflicts, the French Revolutionary Wars and the Napoleonic Wars.

:" The directory found the Rhine open towards Mainz, the war of La Vendée rekindled ; the coasts of France and Holland threatened with a descent from England ; lastly, the army of Italy destitute of everything, and merely maintaining the defensive under Schérer and Kellermann.