When king Kavadh I of Persia died ( September 531 ), Justinian concluded an " Eternal Peace " ( which cost him 11, 000 pounds of gold ) with his successor Khosrau I ( 532 ).

Following a revolt against the Empire in Armenia in the late 530s and possibly motivated by the pleas of Ostrogothic ambassadors, King Khosrau I broke the " Eternal Peace " and invaded Roman territory in the spring of 540.

The tribes of the southern Arabia, asked the Persian king Khosrau I for aid, in response to which he came south to Arabia with both foot-soldiers and a fleet of ships into Mecca.

However, immediately afterward Roman-Persian conflict led to the persecution of the church by the Sassanid King Khosrau I ; this ended in 545.

The Persian king Khosrau I, sent troops under the command of Vahriz, who helped Sayf ibn Dhi Yazan to drive the Ethiopian Aksumites out of Yemen.

During its second Golden Age, the Sassanid Empire reached the peak of its power under Khosrau I in the 6th century.

* Early 6th century – first academy of the east the Academy of Gundeshapur founded in Iran by Khosrau I of Persia.

* Khosrau I of Persia, Sassanid Shah ( 531 – 579 )

King Khosrau I ( 531 – 579 )

* September – Justinian I signs a peace treaty, the " Eternal Peace ", with the Persian king Khosrau I, ending the Iberian War.

* King Khosrau I jealous of Justinian's victories in the West, receives an embassy from the Ostrogoths at Ctesiphon.

* Khosrau I breaks the Eternal Peace after eight years.

* Khosrau I captures Antioch after a fierce siege, he systematically plunders the city to the extent that marble statues and mosaics are transported to Persia.

* Dara is captured by Khosrau I of Persia.

* Khosrau I of Persia unsuccessfully attacks the Byzantine fortress of Dara.

* Hormizd IV succeeds Khosrau I as king of Persia.

* February – Khosrau I, king of Persia

The Byzantine emperor Justinian I erected a Christian church over the Cave of Machpelah in the 6th century CE, which was later destroyed by the Sassanid general Shahrbaraz in 614 when Khosrau II's armies besieged and took Jerusalem.

* The Byzantines under general Justinian inflict a heavy defeat on Persian shah Khosrau I at Melitene.

During the reign of the later Sassanid king Khosrau I ( 531 – 579 ), a gift from an Indian king ( possibly a Maukhari Dynasty king of Kannauj ) included a chess game with sixteen pieces of emerald and sixteen of ruby ( green vs. red ).

Khosrau I ( also called Chosroes I in classical sources, most commonly known in Persian as Anushirvan or Anushirwan, Persian: انوشيروان meaning the immortal soul ), also known as Anushiravan the Just or Anushirawan the Just ( انوشیروان عادل, Anushiravān-e-ādel or انوشيروان دادگر, Anushiravān-e-dādgar ) ( r. 531 – 579 ), was the favourite son and successor of Kavadh I ( 488 – 531 ), twentieth Sassanid Emperor ( Persian: Shahanshah, Great King ) of Persia, and the most famous and celebrated of the Sassanid Emperors.

< center > Khosrau II dressed as a mounted Persian knight riding on his favourite horse, Shabdiz. The oldest known relief of a heavily armoured cavalryman, from the Sassanid empire, Taq-i Bostan, Iran ( 4th century ).</ center >

During his last years his favourite son Khosrau I had had great influence over him and had been proclaimed successor over his older brothers, Kawus ( Caoses ) and Zames.

On his left is Ahura Mazda, on his right is Anahita, and below is, Khosrau dressed as a mounted Persian knight riding on his favourite horse, Shabdiz, in the Kurdistan | Kurdish city of, Kermanshah, Iran

Depictions of aforementioned cavalry still survive, with one of the best preserved ones being a rock relief at Taq-e Bostan where Khosrau II is seen riding his favourite horse, Shabdiz.

The Persian army rebelled and overthrew Khosrau II, raising his son Kavadh II, also known as Siroes, in his stead.

Upon Kavadh's death in 531, the Mazdakites gave their loyalty to Kavadh's eldest son, Kawus, while the noble families and the Zoroastrian Magi gave their support to Khosrau I. Khosrau presented himself as an anti-Mazdakite supporter.

Kavadh II ( Siroes, Syriac Shiroye ) ( Qobād ), twenty-third Sassanid King of Persia, and son of Khosrau II ( 590 – 628 ).

Hormizd IV (), son of Khosrau I, reigned as the twenty-first King of Persia from 579 to 590 CE.

The magnates deposed and blinded Hormizd IV and proclaimed his son Khosrau II King.

Discredited by these series of disasters, Khosrau II was overthrown and killed in a coup led by his son Kavadh II, who at once sued for peace, agreeing to withdraw from all occupied territories of the Byzantine Empire.

His son and successor Khosrau I built both the city of Derbent ( from Persian دربند meaning closed gate ) and the fortress of Darial.

The Iberian king fled from Kavadh, but Kavadh tried to make peace with the Byzantines, and attempted to have Justin I adopt his son Khosrau.

Khosrau I married a Christian wife, and his son Nushizad was also a Christian.

The action of his son was deeply distressing to Khosrau ; it was necessary to take prompt measures, and the commander, Ram Berzin, was sent against the rebels.

The high walls with thirty north-looking towers are believed to belong to the time of Kavadh's son, Khosrau I.

-History of Khosrau Parvez, son of Hormizd

They illustrate the crowning ceremonies of Ardashir I and his son, Shapur I, Shapur II and Khosrau II.

Kavadh's son Khosrau I rejected Mazdakism and rebuked al-Harith, restoring al-Mundhir to the throne of the Hirah.

* 590 – Khosrau II is crowned king of Persia.

* February 23 – Khosrau II of Persia is overthrown.

* February 15 – Khosrau II is crowned as king of Persia.

* Alexandria is captured by Khosrau II of Persia.

* The Persian usurper Bahram Chobin is defeated by Khosrau II at the Battle of Blarathon.

* The Persian usurper Hormizd V is defeated by Khosrau II.

The only visible remains are the great arch Taq-i Kisra or Tagh-e Kasra ( the literal meaning: arch of Khosrau ) located in what is now the Iraqi town of Salman Pak.

* The Persian usurper Bahram VI is defeated by Khosrau II.

A daughter Miriam / Maria is recorded by the 12th-century chronicler Michael the Syrian as married to Khosrau II.

" Khosrau of the immortal soul " is one of the most popular emperors in Iranian culture and literature and, outside of Iran, his name became, like that of Caesar in the history of Rome, a designation of the Sasanian kings.

Khosrau is shown wearing a helmet with a chain mail veil, and a chain mail shirt.

Khosrau I is known to have either founded or greatly expanded the Academy of Gondishapur, located in the city of Gundeshapur.

The latest event mentioned in the Histories is the death of the Persian king Khosrau I ( r. 531-579 ); which indicates that Agathias was still alive in the reign of Tiberius II Constantine ( r. 578-582 ).

Additionally, the 6th century Khosrau I of Persia is known to have ordered the translation of the Buddhist jataka tales into the Persian language.

Khosrau II of Persia | Khosrow Parviz is standing here.

Deportation is an ancient practice: Khosrau I, Sassanid King of Persia, deported 292, 000 citizens, slaves, and conquered people to the new city of Ctesiphon in 542 C. E.

Khusro, Khosrau, Khusrau, Khosro or Khusraw ( Kasrâ in Modern Persian ; Kisrā ( كسرى ) in Arabic ; Osroes or Chosroes in Greek ; Hüsrev in Turkish ) is the name of a mythical Persian leader, in the Avesta of the Zoroastrians known as Kavi Haosravah, with the meaning " with good reputation ".

The History of Taron is a relatively short " historical " romance in five parts, purporting to describe significant events occurring in the district of Taron during the Byzantine-Persian wars when the Sassanid emperor was Khosrau II ( 590-628 ).

The last contemporary mention of the Qarmatians is that of Nasir ibn Khosrau, who visited them in 1050, although Ibn Battuta, visiting Qatif in 1331, found it inhabited by Arab tribes whom he described as " extremist Shi ` is " ( rafidiyya ghulat ), which historian Juan Cole has suggested is how a 14th Century Sunni would describe Ismailis.