It is often contrasted with low-density or LDL cholesterol or LDL-C. HDL particles are able to remove cholesterol from within artery atheroma and transport it back to the liver for excretion or re-utilization, which is the main reason why the cholesterol carried within HDL particles ( HDL-C ) is sometimes called " good cholesterol " ( despite the fact that it is exactly the same as the cholesterol in LDL particles ).

Large amounts may increase LDL ( see below ), up to 46 %, although LDL changes from small to larger, buoyant, less atherogenic particles.

Studies have shown that higher levels of type-B LDL particles ( as opposed to type-A LDL particles ) promote health problems and cardiovascular disease, they are often informally called the bad cholesterol particles, ( as opposed to HDL particles, which are frequently referred to as good cholesterol or healthy cholesterol particles ).

LDL particles are approximately 22 nm ( 0. 00000087 in.

) in diameter and have a mass of about 3 million daltons, but since LDL particles contain a changing number of fatty acids, they actually have a distribution of mass and size.

Low-density lipoprotein ( LDL ) is one of the five major groups of lipoproteins, which in order of size, largest to smallest, are chylomicrons, VLDL, IDL, LDL, and HDL, that enable transport of multiple different fat molecules, including cholesterol, within the water around cells and within the water-based bloodstream.

Pattern I, for intermediate, indicates that most LDL particles are very close in size to the normal gaps in the endothelium ( 26 nm ).

Increasing evidence has revealed that the concentration and size of the LDL particles more powerfully relates to the degree of atherosclerosis progression than the concentration of cholesterol contained within all the LDL particles.

However, the concentration of LDL particles, and to a lesser extent their size, has a slightly stronger correlation with individual clinical outcome than the amount of cholesterol within LDL particles, even if the LDL-C estimation is approximately correct.

Specifically, LDL particle number ( concentration ), and to a lesser extent size, have shown slightly stronger correlations with atherosclerotic progression and cardiovascular events than obtained using chemical measures of the amount of cholesterol carried by the LDL particles.

Scavenger receptor CD36 is a class B scavenger receptor found to be up-regulated by oxidized low density lipoprotein ( LDL ) and binds it.

** High serum concentration of low-density lipoprotein ( LDL, " bad if elevated concentrations and small "), and / or very low density lipoprotein ( VLDL ) particles, i. e., " lipoprotein subclass analysis "

For example, some may lower the " bad cholesterol " low density lipoprotein ( LDL ) more so than others, while others may preferentially increase high density lipoprotein ( HDL ), " the good cholesterol ".

Even if some recent clinical studies have shown that low-dose GH treatment for adults with GH deficiency changes the body composition by increasing muscle mass, decreasing fat mass, increasing bone density and muscle strength, improves cardiovascular parameters ( i. e. decrease of LDL cholesterol ), and affects the quality of life without significant side effects.

Rose hips contain plenty of lycopene, an important and strong antioxidant that is an integral part of low density lipoprotein ( LDL ) as well as of many cellular membranes.

* Dyslipidemia ( high low density lipoprotein cholesterol, low high density lipoprotein cholesterol )-elevation of total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and triglyceride levels each have been correlated with accelerated PAD.

Lipoproteins are classified by their density ( very low density lipoprotein ( VLDL ), intermediate density lipoprotein ( IDL ), low density lipoprotein ( LDL ) and high density lipoprotein ( HDL ).

Some recent small clinical studies have shown that low-dose GH treatment for elderly patients with GH deficiency changes the body composition by increasing muscle mass, decreasing fat mass, increasing bone density and muscle strength, improves cardiovascular parameters ( i. e. decrease of LDL cholesterol ), and affects the quality of life without significant side effects.

* Modest reduction of low density lipoprotein ( LDL ) levels

As triglycerides are lost from VLDL the lipoprotein particle becomes smaller and denser ( since protein is denser than lipid ) and ultimately becomes low density lipoprotein ( LDL ).

In 1985 he received the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine ( together with Michael S. Brown ) for his research on the metabolism of low density lipoprotein ( LDL ), and has won numerous other awards for his contributions related to genetic diseases.

C ), lipoproteins and steroidal compound ( systosterol and 3 beta D glucoside ) with hypoglicaemic and antilipemic ( against cholesterol LDL ) action, low density lipoproteins.

The role of niacin in patients whose LDL is not well-controlled ( as in the majority of previous studies with niacin ) is still under study and debate.

Studies have reported the benefits of green tea in helping to reduce LDL ; some studies have focused on the antioxidant qualities of the unfermented green tea leaves, others looked at green-tea compounds called catechins which are thought to decrease cholesterol absorption in the gut.

Several studies have indicated that consumption of about 2 grams per day provides a reduction in LDL cholesterol of about 10 %.

Two Canadian studies, that received funding by the Alberta Livestock and Meat Agency and the Dairy Farmers of Canada, have shown that the natural trans fat vaccenic acid, found in beef and dairy products, may have an opposite health effect and could actually be beneficial compared to hydrogenated vegetable shortening, or a mixture of pork lard and soy fat, e. g. lowering total and LDL cholesterol and triglyceride levels.

It is used as a nutritional supplement intended to lower LDL cholesterol (" bad " cholesterol ) and increase HDL cholesterol (" good " or " healthy " cholesterol ) and to help prevent atherosclerosis, though some studies have raised questions about the effectiveness of policosanol.

Published studies have come to conflicting conclusions regarding the efficacy of policosanol in lowering LDL ( i. e., " bad cholesterol ") or raising HDL ( i. e., " good cholesterol ").

Estrogen appears to have a protector effect on atherosclerosis: it lowers LDL and triglycerides, it raises HDL levels and has endothelial vasodilatation properties plus an anti-inflammatory component.

Some in the medical community have suggested the correspondence between Pattern B and CHD is stronger than the correspondence between the LDL number measured in the standard lipid profile test.

Tests to measure these LDL subtype patterns have been more expensive and not widely available, so the common lipid profile test is used more commonly.

The healthiest pattern A, though relatively rare, is to have small numbers of large LDL particles and no small particles.

Other, more recently developed and tested fibrates, e. g. fenofibric acid have had a better track record and are primarily promoted for lowering VLDL particles ( triglycerides ), not LDL particles, yet can help some in combination with other strategies.

* A ketogenic diet may have similar response to taking niacin ( lowered LDL and increased HDL ) through beta-hydroxybutyrate, a ketone body, coupling the niacin receptor ( HM74A ).

Studies in Wistar rats have revealed one mechanism by which ghee reduces plasma LDL cholesterol.

Since then many clinical trials have found that consumption of various nuts such as almonds and walnuts can lower serum LDL cholesterol concentrations.

* Joseph L. Goldstein 1962 — Won Nobel Prize for Medicine for research in cholesterol metabolism and discovery that human cells have low-density lipoprotein ( LDL ) receptors that extract cholesterol from the bloodstream.

Replacing animal fats with partially hydrogenated oil reduces cholesterol but adds trans fat, which has been shown to both raise LDL cholesterol and lower HDL cholesterol.

Myrrh has been shown to lower cholesterol LDL ( bad cholesterol ) levels, as well as to increase the HDL ( good cholesterol ) in various tests on humans done in the past few decades.

One study has shown that it can reduce total and " bad " ( LDL ) cholesterol by decreasing cholesterol absorption in the gut.

To reduce LDL cholesterol and they also have recently been shown to have anti-inflammatory properties.

It was shown that the levels of the LDL cholesterol decreased, while that of HDL cholesterol increased.

Plant sterol esters have been shown to reduce the level of low-density lipoprotein ( LDL ) cholesterol in blood when ingested.

The current monthly precipitation total for one location ( like on the III and Junior ) is shown on the LDL.

Examples of unapproved labeling cited in the warning letter come from a section of POM's website titled " Featured Scientific Studies " which contained health claims regarding " Prostate Cancer ", " Erectile Function ", " Reducing LDL cholesterol ", " promote ( ing ) a healthy heart and prostate ", " reduce ( ing ) the length and severity of colds ", "... shown to slow prostate tumor growth ", " particularly beneficial (" among quite a few others ").