Later Christian chroniclers and pre-20th century historians praised Charles Martel as the champion of Christianity, characterizing the battle as the decisive turning point in the struggle against Islam, a struggle which preserved Christianity as the religion of Europe ; according to modern military historian Victor Davis Hanson, " most of the 18th and 19th century historians, like Gibbon, saw Poitiers ( Tours ), as a landmark battle that marked the high tide of the Muslim advance into Europe.

Later some record suggested that during the trade activities and arrival of the Chinese-Muslim admiral " Cheng Ho " or Zheng He, Parameswara converted to Islam and adopted an Islamic name, Sultan Iskandar Shah.

Later rabbinic authorities and Jewish scholars such as Maimonides discussed the relationship between Islam and Jewish law.

Later the term became synonymous with Islam and Hebrew and its scope expanded both eastward and westward to include all non-European areas of Eurasian civilization, including North Africa as far west as Morocco.

Later, a Queens home owned by the Nation of Islam in which Malcolm and his family resided is firebombed.

Later on, some of the members of the Bonan-speaking community converted to Islam and moved north, to Xunhua County.

Later theological developments within Judaism led it to adopt the strictly monotheistic stance, where its God was declared the only one true deity in existence, and this position was inherited by Christianity and Islam.

Later, three of the four principal Mongol khanates embraced Islam.

Later Ilkhanate rulers, beginning with Ghazan in 1295, embraced Islam.

Later that year Mason became manager of Faarooq and the two formed the Nation of Domination, a heel stable loosely based on the Nation of Islam and Black Panther Party, Mason still managed Owen & Bulldog while with The Nation, but got fired by the Bulldog in March 1997, In mid 1997, Faarooq " fired " Mason from the Nation of Domination, and Mason was written off television and released from his WWF contract.

Later most of the European and Caucasian Turkic peoples also became followers of Islam.

Later, since the Vietnamese-installed PRK regime, Islam has been given the same freedom as Buddhism.

Later, the Samanids propagated Sunni Islam deep into the heart of Central Asia, as the first complete translation of the Qur ' an into Persian occurred in the 9th century.

Later in the 10th century a Karakhanid Sultan Satuq Bughra Khan converted Islam.

Later published in book form, it is often cited by historians writing about India and Islam.

I am coming to you soon .” Later, he fought as an ordinary soldier in all the battles which were waged for the cause of Islam.

Later, after Muhammad had begun to preach Islam openly, Abu Lahab became hostile and actively opposed Islam.

Later, with the arrival of the Ottoman Empire, many Serbs were converted to Islam.

Later, Abul -' As also went to Medina, accepted Islam, and lived with the Muslims.

Later in his reign, he replaced it with a more expansive building, dedicated to Jupiter Custos.

Later the coaxial cables were replaced by twisted pair and fiber optic links in conjunction with hubs or switches.

Later, in September 1989, Kolbin was replaced with a Kazakh, Nursultan Nazarbayev.

Later he replaced Elisachar with Hildwin, abbot of many monasteries.

Later, in March 1921, he established the New Economic Policy ( NEP, 1921 – 29 ), which allowed measures of private commerce, internal free trade, and replaced grain requisitions with an agricultural tax, under the management of State banks.

Later, Haluk Kunt was replaced by Hasan Sel, who was a member of Apaşlar ( Apachies ) in 1968, and Aydın Daruga was replaced by Engin Yörükoğlu in 1969.

In African archaeology, which applies only from the Sahara southward, Lower Paleolithic is replaced by " Early Stone Age ," Middle Paleolithic is replaced by " Middle Stone Age " and Upper Paleolithic by " Later Stone Age.

Later in 2011, Kim Jong Il has died and has been replaced by Kim Jong Un, Kim Jong Il's son.

Later in the same season, she leaves the X-Files office to be replaced by Agent Monica Reyes.

Later, the Chinese replaced 圓 with 元 which has the same pronunciation in Mandarin ( but not in Japanese ).

Later that year, Iturbide dissolved Congress and replaced it with a sympathetic junta.

Later, Stoddard replaced the cylinder with a keyboard, so that the calliope could be played like an organ.

Later, various hues of powdered pigment eventually replaced the primary charcoal ingredient found in most early 19th century product.

Later on, his " mother " is revealed also to be his positronic sister as the real Julianna Soong died and was replaced with an identical Soong Type android, the most advanced one that Dr. Soong was known to have built.

Later, Quimby briefly flees the city thinking his corruption has been exposed and is deemed to have " abandoned office " and is replaced by a short-lived " council of learned citizens " headed by Lisa Simpson, Professor Frink, Comic Book Guy, Lindsey Naegle, Dr. Hibbert, and Principal Skinner.

Later replaced by Fort Orange.

Later they were replaced by metal and eventually by armoured concrete groynes.

Justinian was deposed ; his nose was cut off ( Later replaced by a solid gold replica of his original ) ( Gr. rhinokopia ) to prevent his again seeking the throne ( an unblemished appearance being a requirement of Imperial rule ), and he was exiled to Cherson in the Crimea.

Later on, Rzeszów was a settlement of the Lusatian culture, which then was replaced with the Przeworsk culture.

Later in the year GSN expanded the series to the six hours it has now, with Roggin moving to the 3 PM to 6 PM block with Kelly Packard while Alfonso Ribeiro replaced him earlier in the day.

Later on Fifi was replaced as Pluto's girlfriend by Dinah the Dachshund.

Later, the central multiplexers in Columbus were replaced with PDP-8 minicomputers, and the PDP-8s were connected to a DEC PDP-15 minicomputer that acted as switches so a phone number was not tied to a particular destination host.

Saved Later followed in 2000 after an amicable split with Ignatiou, who was ultimately replaced by Italian Massimo Fiocco, known as Massy, after original replacement Kee Payne left the band in 1999.