For four months ( the period of the National Legionary State ), he had to share power with the Iron Guard, but the latter overplayed their hand in January 1941 and were suppressed.

Andrei Oişteanu, who proposed that Eliade's critics were divided into a " maximalist " and a " minimalist " camp ( trying to, respectively, enhance or shadow the impact Legionary ideas had on Eliade ), argued in favor of moderation, and indicated that Eliade's fascism needed to be correlated to the political choices of his generation.

After a brief period of arrests, beatings, torture and even killings, ( twelve members of the Legionary Movement were murdered by the police force ), Iron Guard members retaliated on December 29, 1933 by assassinating Duca on the platform of the Sinaia railway station.

However, according to various commentators, Codreanu won his most significant following in the rural environment, which in part reflected the fact that he and most other Legionary leaders were first-generation urban dwellers.

One year later, under the National Legionary State ( the Iron Guard's government ), Marinescu and Argeşanu, alongside other politicians, were executed in Jilava ( September 1940 ); it was also at that time that the Călinescu family crypt in Curtea de Argeş was dynamited, while a bronze bust of him which awaited unveiling was chained and dragged through the streets of Piteşti.

A precursor, the Teatru Evreiesc Baraşeum operated as a Jewish theater through most of World War II, although they were closed during the few months of the National Legionary State, and thereafter performed in Romanian rather than Yiddish through until the fall of Ion Antonescu.

Thalia were on the road when King Carol II abdicated on September 6, 1940, the start of the National Legionary State under General ( later Marshal ) Ion Antonescu.

The Italian aircraft were organized into the " Legionary Air Force " ( Aviazione Legionaria ).

While the aircraft of the Italian Legionary Air Force were grounded on water-logged airports, the Republicans did not have this problem since the Albacete airfield had a concrete strip.

Legionary rankers were relatively well-paid, compared to contemporary common labourers.

The principal forts of the Gask Ridge frontier system were ( from south to north ): Camelon, Drumquhassle, Malling / Menteith, Doune, Glenbank ( fortlet ), Bochastle, Ardoch, Kaims Castle ( fortlet ), Strageath, Dalginross, Bertha, Fendoch, Cargill ( fort and fortlet ), Inchtuthil ( Legionary fortress ), Cardean, Inverquharity ( fortlet ), and Stracathro.

Persecutions became widespread around 1938, when Jews were harassed and attacked by authorities under the Octavian Goga government ; they were confirmed by anti-Semitic legislation passed by the Ion Gigurtu cabinet, and, in late 1940, exceptionally violent following the establishment of the National Legionary State.

Another opportunity presented itself the next day at Edchera, where two companies of the 13th Legionary battalion were conducting a reconnaissance mission.

Legionary detachments were present in the Phrygian cities of Apamea and Amorium.

In World War II, Jews were the target of widespread violence during the National Legionary State, and, upon its close, many were attacked and had their property looted during the Iron Guard Rebellion-around 125 were murdered.

He and Vasile Marin ( another prominent Legionary ) were killed on the Madrid Front on the same day of fighting ( 13 January 1937 ).

The authoritarian King Carol II abdicated in 1940, succeeded by the National Legionary State, in which power was shared by Ion Antonescu and the Iron Guard.

Antonescu nevertheless rose to political prominence during the political crisis of 1940, and established the National Legionary State, an uneasy partnership with the Iron Guard's leader Horia Sima.

After entering Romania into an alliance with Nazi Germany and the Axis and ensuring Adolf Hitler's confidence, he eliminated the Guard during the Legionary Rebellion of 1941.

One might wish to reflect on the differences in the technology and society that produced such different types of soldier or warrior as the Greek Hoplite, the Roman Legionary, the Medieval Knight, the Turk-Mongol Horse Archer, the Chinese Crossbowman, the British Redcoat, or an Air Cavalry trooper.

* Romania ( 1940 – 1944 )-The " National Legionary State " government of General ( later Marshal ) Ion Antonescu and Horia Sima's Iron Guard was an ally of Germany from 1940-1943.

* S. J. A. Turney's 2009 debut, Marius ' Mules, based on Julius Caesar's invasion of Gaul, viewed from the perspective of a Legionary commander, along with the 2010 sequel following the campaign against the Belgae.

Born in Spain he became a Legionary commander in Britain, assembled a Celtic army and assumed the title of Emperor of the Western Roman Empire in AD 383.

Diorama of the Roman Legionary fortress Deva Victrix in Grosvenor Museum, Chester.

Eliade's articles before and after his adherence to the principles of the Iron Guard ( or, as it was usually known at the time, the Legionary Movement ), beginning with his famous Itinerar spiritual (" Spiritual Itinerary ", serialized in Cuvântul in 1927 ), center on several political ideals advocated by the far right.

At the time of his arrest, he had just interrupted a column on Provincia şi legionarismul (" The Province and Legionary Ideology ") in Vremea, having been singled out by Prime Minister Armand Călinescu as an author of Iron Guard propaganda.

After leaving London he was assigned the office of Counsel and Press Officer ( later Cultural Attaché ) to the Romanian Embassy in Portugal, where he was kept on as diplomat by the National Legionary State ( the Iron Guard government ) and, ultimately, by Ion Antonescu's regime.

In February 1941, weeks after the bloody Legionary Rebellion was crushed by Antonescu, Iphigenia was staged by the National Theater Bucharest — the play soon raised doubts that it owed inspiration to the Iron Guard's ideology, and even that its inclusion in the program was a Legionary attempt at subversion.

In October 1940, as the National Legionary State came into existence, the British Foreign Office blacklisted Mircea Eliade, alongside five other Romanians, due to his Iron Guard connections and suspicions that he was prepared to spy in favor of Nazi Germany.

In Jurnal portughez, Eliade defines himself as " a Legionary ", and speaks of his own " Legionary climax " as a stage he had gone through during the early 1940s.

Romanian scholar Mircea Handoca, editor of Eliade's writings, argues that the controversy surrounding Eliade was encouraged by a group of exiled writers, of whom Manea was a main representative, and believes that Eliade's association with the Guard was a conjectural one, determined by the young author's Christian values and conservative stance, as well as by his belief that a Legionary Romania could mirror Portugal's Estado Novo.

Iphigenia's story of self-sacrifice, turned voluntary in Eliade's version, was taken by various commentators, beginning with Mihail Sebastian, as a favorable allusion to the Iron Guard's beliefs on commitment and death, as well as to the bloody outcome of the 1941 Legionary Rebellion.

Ten years after its premiere, the play was reprinted by Legionary refugees in Argentina: on the occasion, the text was reviewed for publishing by Eliade himself.

Other sections of the European far right also claim Eliade as an inspiration, and consider his contacts with the Iron Guard to be a merit — among their representatives are the Italian neofascist Claudio Mutti and Romanian groups who trace their origin to the Legionary Movement.

This means players consume 5 litres of beer in 100 minutes, which is equivalent to two centurions in the same time as one.

Only in the 3rd century were these officers equated to the legionary centurions in status and pay, and could henceforth be transferred to a similar position in the legions.

Native Roman centurions and officers were rarely posted to such remote places unless deemed necessary for disciplinary reasons.

The seniority of the pilus prior centurions was followed by the five other century commanders of the first cohort, who were known as primi ordines.

* Primi ordines: The " ranks of the first " were the five centurions of the first cohort, and included the primus pilus.

* Pilus prior: The " front file " centurions were the senior centurions of the cohorts.

The cohorts were ranked from the first to the tenth and the century within each cohort ranked from 1 to 6, with only 5 centuries in the first cohort ( for a total of 59 centurions and the primus pilus ).

The later version, published in 1956, states that the legion was stationing in Cappadocia by that time whereas the centurion might have been in Albania with some diplomatic mission because for the talks with the Eastern rulers the Roman commanders were usually sending centurions.

Discipline was important and infractions were heavily punished by the centurions.

In order of seniority, the six centurions were titled hastatus posterior, hastatus prior, princeps posterior, princeps prior, pilus posterior and pilus prior ( most senior ).

All ( six ) centurions of the fourth cohort were dead, its standard bearer killed and the standard missing.

Of the remaining cohorts, almost all the centurions were either wounded or killed ; Baculus, the legion ’ s primipilus, a fine soldier, had received so many minor and serious wounds that he could barely stand.

The centurions were up before them and off to the Principia where they and the Equites were required to assemble.

At a lower level within the army, connecting the aristocrats at the top with the private soldiers, a large number of centurions were well-rewarded, literate, and responsible for training, discipline, administration, and leadership in battle.

Forty-six centurions and 700 legionaries died in the resulting engagement, and over 6, 000 were wounded on the Roman side, compared to the several hundred Gauls killed and wounded.

The very best centurions were then promoted to become centurions in the First Cohort, called Primi Ordines, commanding one of the ten centuries and also taking on a staff role.

If this case were strictly so, then there would be a lack of centurions in peacetime garrisons, which is where the Roman Army mostly spent its time.

Below the centurions were the optiones, seconds-in-command of centuries.

Originally the cohortes urbanae were divided into three cohorts, each cohort being commanded by one tribune and six centurions.

In the other match, a massive opening partnership of 257 between centurions Rene Schoonheim ( 117 ) and RE Lifmann ( 155 not out, the tournament's highest score ) propelled the Netherlands to 301 / 3 and gave Malaysia no chance of victory, and the Asians were dismissed for 176 to give the Dutch a 125-run win.