The 1767 première of the German comedy Minna von Barnhelm, by Gotthold Lessing as well as the 1830 première of the French drama Ernani, by Victor Hugo caused riots simply because these dramas featured middle-class characters, rather than nobles or religious figures.

* Gotthold Ephraim Lessing ( 1729 – 1781 ), one of the most prominent philosophers of the Enlightenment era, recognised as the world's first dramaturg, Germany's first dramatist and comedy playwright, champion for religious tolerance, friend of Moses Mendelssohn, critic for the Vossische Zeitung, translator and Shakespearean scholar.

Owing to the very low level of efficiency of the Halberstadt public schools, Israel attended mainly the Jewish religious school, in his leisure hours studying German literature and the works of Gotthold Ephraim Lessing and Moses Mendelssohn on his own account.

Lessing had recently produced the drama Die Juden, whose moral was that a Jew can possess nobility of character.

* The plot of " A Home for the Highland Cattle ", a short story by Doris Lessing hinges on whether a painting of cattle can be accepted in place of actual cattle for " lobola ", bride price in a southern African setting.

Lessing said, " accidental truths of history can never become the proof of necessary truths of reason.

Lessing also quotes an anonymous author: " It is by the failures and misfits of a civilisation that one can best judge its weaknesses.

Doris Lessing considered that ' being psycho-analysed is essentially ... a sort of intellectual primitivism '; and that many of its standard techniques can be seen as directed at artificially creating or re-creating a state of naivety.

In 1773, Lessing published an epigram he had found in a manuscript during his work as a librarian ; it claimed to be a letter sent by Archimedes to Eratosthenes.

In the same year there appeared in Danzig ( Gdańsk ) an anonymous satire, Pope a Metaphysician ( Pope ein Metaphysiker ), which turned out to be the joint work of Lessing and Mendelssohn.

In addition, “ he is often mentioned by writers like Montaigne and Lessing ... but he made no major contribution to intellectual history, and by the nineteenth century he seemed to be ... rather little read and rarely edited ” ( Gwynn, 140-1 ).

Over the following three centuries it grew to be a centre of the arts, and personages such as Michael Praetorius, Johann Rosenmüller, Gottfried Leibniz, and Gotthold Ephraim Lessing lived there.

This section needs to be expanded with JM Coetzee, Maryse Condé, Cyril Dabydeen, Tsitsi Dangarembga, Raywat Deonandan, Buchi Emecheta, Athol Fugard, Nadine Gordimer, Alamgir Hashmi, Bonny Hicks, Hanif Kureishi, Doris Lessing, Earl Lovelace, Gabriel García Márquez, Bharati Mukherjee, Barbara Kingsolver, VS Naipaul, Michael Ondaatje, RK Narayan, Mahashweta Devi, EM Forster, Anita Desai, Bapsi Sidhwa, Wilbur Smith, Wole Soyinka, Ngũgĩ wa Thiong ' o, Yvonne Vera, Derek Walcott, Kath Walker, Arundhati Roy, Amitav Ghosh, Haim Sabato, Eleanor Dark, Bole Butake, Anne Tanyi-Tang, Bate Besong, Maxine Hong Kingston.

Further criticism of the Canopus series followed, which included this comment by New York Times critic John Leonard: " ne of the many sins for which the 20th century will be held accountable is that it has discouraged Mrs. Lessing ... She now propagandizes on behalf of our insignificance in the cosmic razzmatazz.

" Lessing said in 1983 that she would like to write stories about Red and White Dwarves, space rockets powered by anti-gravity, and charmed and coloured quarks, " ut we can't all be physicists ".

Lessing said in an interview that its followers had written to her and asked, " When are we going to be visited by the gods?

This view is to be distinguished from higher criticism and text-critical transmission theories such as the Hebrew Gospel hypothesis of Lessing and others.

The suspect, claiming to be innocent, hires the attorney in the series ( Renz, Franck, Voss or Lessing ) as his lawyer.

This tradition remained active in Germany as late as Gotthold Ephraim Lessing, who considered both beauty and sublimity to be ideas of perfection ; when unity prevailed, beauty emerged ; when plurality — sublimity.

Recalled to the public attention by Johann Jakob Bodmer and Gotthold Ephraim Lessing, it was only around the end of the 1800s that his works came to be a subject of academic investigation, and his position in German literature to be fully understood.

His versatility may be judged from the fact that in the comedies of Goldoni and Molière he was no less successful than in the tragedies of Lessing and Shakespeare.

In the 1981 movie The Grass is Singing ( based on the Doris Lessing novel of that name ) and starring Karen Black, John Thaw and John Kani, Livingstone was used as the location for a Southern Rhodesian town around 1950, for which year some of the streets in Livingstone could pass without modification.

Both Lessing and Kierkegaard are discussing the agency one might use to base one's faith upon.

Lessing was also famous for his friendship with Jewish-German philosopher Moses Mendelssohn.

Lessing is important as a literary critic for his work Laocoon: An Essay on the Limits of Painting and Poetry.

Lessing also brought Mendelssohn to public attention for the first time: Mendelssohn had written an essay attacking Germans ' neglect of their native philosophers ( principally Gottfried Leibniz ), and lent the manuscript to Lessing.

Emilia Galotti by Lessing and Goethe's Faust were performed for the first time in Braunschweig.

* Less., the author abbreviation for Christian Friedrich Lessing ( 1809-1862 ), a German botanist

Lessing soon became a dominant presence in the English literary scene, frequently publishing right through the century, and won the nobel prize for literature in 2007.

Michaelis, he was compensated for this by the esteem of Frederick the Great, of Lessing, Carsten Niebuhr, and many foreign scholars.

Reimarus ' philosophical position is essentially that of Christian Wolff, but he is best known for his Apologie as excerpted by Lessing in what became known as the Wolfenbüttel Fragmente.

* James Tait Black Memorial Prize for biography: Doris Lessing, Under My Skin

It was read with intense interest by Lessing, who found in the earliest of Winckelmann's works the starting-point for his Laocoon, and by Herder, Goethe and Kant.

But, in 1949 — after objections by U. S. Congressmen over the appropriateness of a government body awarding prizes in fine arts and literature to individuals who might harbor dissident views towards the U. S. ( re: Ezra Pound and the Bollingen Prize ) — the Library of Congress discontinued awarding medals of any kind, including ( i ) the Bollingen Prize, the Elizabeth Sprague Coolidge Medal for " eminent services to chamber music, and ( iii ) three prizes endowed by Lessing Rosenwald in connection with an annual national exhibition of prints.

In presenting the quest for truths as process rather than results, Holtorf quoted Gotthold Lessing ( Eine Duplik, 1778 ):

Lessing wrote an afterword for a UK edition.

* The Making of the Representative for Planet 8, Philip Glass and Doris Lessing, 1988

On 10 March 1861, Titu Maiorescu held a lecture ( Die alte französische Tragödie und die Wagnersche Musik — „ The Old French Tragedy and Wagner's Music ”) in Berlin for the benefit of the monument of Lessing from Kamenz, which he repeated on 12 April in Paris, at the „ Cercle des sociétés savantes “ ( Circle of Academic Societies ) and later renewed in the form of a communication, on 27 April in Berlin, at the Philosophy Society.

Examples for a Slavic root comprise ' Lessing ', which sounds German but was derived from the Slavic expression for " forest settler ", and " Kafka ", which in Czech means " jackdaw ".

In the early 1970s Lessing began writing " inner space " fiction, which included the novels Briefing for a Descent into Hell ( 1971 ) and Memoirs of a Survivor ( 1974 ).

Shikasta represented a major shift of focus for Lessing, influenced by spiritual and mystical themes in Sufism.

Kazinczy, known for possessing great beauty of style, was inspired greatly by the masterpieces of Lessing, Goethe, Wieland, Klopstock, Ossian, La Rochefoucauld, Marmontel, Molière, Metastasio, Shakespeare, Sterne, Cicero, Sallust, Anacreon, and many others.