On leaving Antioch he appointed Alexander of Heliopolis as governor, a violent and cruel man whom the Antiochene Libanius, a friend of the emperor, admits on first thought was a " dishonourable " appointment.

Before his exile, Libanius was a friend of the emperor Julian, with whom some correspondence survives, and in whose memory he wrote a series of orations ; they were composed between 362 and 365.

The two volumes of selections in the Loeb Classical Library devote one volume to Libanius ' orations that bear on the emperor Julian, the other on Theodosius ; the most famous is his " Lamentation " about the desecration of the temples ( Περὶ τῶν Ἱερῶν );

The most detailed source for the life of Maximus is Eunapius in his Lives of the Sophists, but he is also referred to by Ammianus Marcellinus, the emperor Julian, and Libanius.

The hymn to Hermes, fr308 ( b ), was quoted by Hephaestion ( grammarian ) and both he and Libanius, the rhetorician, quoted the first two lines of fr. 350, celebrating the return from Babylon of Alcaeus ' brother.

Scholars have often believed that Ammianus ' work was intended for public recitation for two reasons: the overwhelming presence of accentual clausulae, which implies that it was intended to be read aloud ; and epistle 1063 of Libanius to a Marcellinus of Rome which refers to public recitations.

The pagan rhetor Libanius ( c. 314 – 394 ) framed his life memoir ( Oration I begun in 374 ) as one of his orations, not of a public kind, but of a literary kind that could not be aloud in privacy.

* Libanius.

The Sons of Constantine: Libanius Or.

In 364, Libanius stated that Julian was assassinated by a Christian who was one of his own soldiers ; this charge is not corroborated by Ammianus Marcellinus or other contemporary historians.

Fourteen years later, Libanius said that Julian was killed by a Saracen ( Lakhmid ) and this may have been confirmed by Julian's doctor Oribasius who, having examined the wound, said that it was from a spear used by a group of Lakhmid auxiliaries in Persian service.

As a result of his mother's influential connections in the city, John began his education under the pagan teacher Libanius.

From Libanius, John acquired the skills for a career in rhetoric, as well as a love of the Greek language and literature.

* Libanius, Declamationes.

* Libanius becomes a teacher of rhetoric in Antioch ; his students include John Chrysostom and Theodore of Mopsuestia.

Libanius (, Libanios ; ca.

When fourteen years old, Libanius fell in love with rhetoric and focused his whole life on it.

Libanius used his arts of rhetoric to advance various private and political causes.

Despite his own religious views and his friendship with the Emperor Julian, called " the Apostate " for attempting to restore the traditional religions of the empire, Libanius cultivated long-lasting friendships with Christians, both as private individuals and as imperial officials.

The works of Libanius are valuable as a historical source for the changing world of the later 4th century.

Although Libanius was not a Christian, his students included such notable Christians as John Chrysostom and Theodore of Mopsuestia.

Russell, " Libanius: Imaginary Speeches "; M. Johansson, " Libanius ' Declamations 9 and 10 ";

However, virtually all major works of Greek and Latin prose possessed such clausulae ; and some scholars have rejected the identification of Libanius ' Marcellinus with Ammianus, since Marcellinus was a very common name and the tone suggests Libanius was addressing a man much younger than himself ( Ammianus was his contemporary ).

According to the Christian historian Sozomen, Libanius was supposed to have said on his deathbed that John would have been his successor " if the Christians had not taken him from us ".

Even Gibbon, while not doing him justice, had to praise him ; and his teacher of rhetoric, Libanius, is said to have intended John as his successor, " if the Christians had not taken him ".

Various parts of Libanius ' orations may suggest that both sides were justified to some extent while Ammianus blames Julian for " a mere thirst for popularity ".

* Libanius: " Funeral Oration on Julian "

* Libanius: " 16 letters to Julian "

It reflects neo-Platonic / Platonic speculation ( which is represented in Porphyry, Libanius, Proclus, and Julian ), as well as Classical cult practice.

Shortly before the death of Julian in 363, Themistius delivered an oration in honour of him, which is no longer extant, but which is referred to at some length by Libanius, in a letter to Themistius.

" The trope was used in Latin, too: in Libanius ' funeral oration for the Emperor Julian, he declares of a scoundrel, " Of the three who had enriched themselves through murders, the first had gone over the whole world, accusing people falsely, and owed ten thousand deaths to both Europe and Asia ; so that all who knew the fellow were sorry that it was not possible to slay the slain, and to do so thrice over, and yet oftener.

Not only Libanius, but Gregory of Nazianzus also was his friend and correspondent, and the latter, in an epistle still extant, calls him the " king of arguments.

Rufinus, whom Bacurius visited several times on the Mount of Olives and served him as a source of Iberia ’ s conversion to Christianity, describes the general as a pious Christian, while the rhetorician Libanius, with whom Bacurius held correspondence, evidently regards him as a pagan and praises him both as a soldier and a man of culture.

But they are valuable for the history and social conditions of the time, although lacking the sincerity characteristic of Libanius.

Gregory died in exile in Salerno ; the epitaph on Gregory VII's sarcophagus in the city's Cathedral says: " I have loved justice and hated iniquity ; therefore, I die in exile.

Her epitaph says, in part, " Her bright, energetic spirit, undaunted by suffering to the last, and ever working for the welfare of those around her, made a short life long.

Countess Lettice was also buried there when she died in 1634, alongside the " best and dearest of husbands ", as the epitaph, which she commissioned, says.

Sir Aston Cockayne, Massinger's constant friend and patron, refers in explicit terms to this collaboration in a sonnet addressed to Humphrey Moseley on the publication of his folio edition of Beaumont and Fletcher ( Small Poems of Divers Sorts, 1658 ), and in an epitaph on the two poets he says: " Plays they did write together, were great friends, And now one grave includes them in their ends.

The epitaph on his tomb, next to Sammy Davis, Sr. and Sammy Davis, Jr., says only: He was a vaudevillian, it does not provide birth and death dates.

A Latin epitaph, discovered in the 18th century, says, however, that he was Archdeacon of Paris, and declares that he died in the city of Avignon in 1449.

His epitaph says: “ he of clowns to learn still sought / But now they learn of him they taught .” Tarlton was the first to study natural fools and simpletons to add knowledge to his characters.