In January 2008, Liberal MP Sophie Mirabella launched an attack on Fraser, after a speech he gave at Melbourne University on " the Bush Administration ( reversing ) 60 years of progress in establishing a law-based international system ", claiming errors and " either intellectual sloppiness or deliberate dishonesty ", and that he tacitly supports Islamic fundamentalism, should have no influence on foreign policy, and that his stance on the war on terror has left him open to caricature as a " frothing-at-the-mouth leftie ".

He led the Liberal party for 29 years, and established Canada's international reputation as a middle power fully committed to world order.

Scholars have also discussed “ constitutional transformation … occurs when a constitutional provision has lost its effectiveness but has been replaced by a new meaning .” The Liberal Democratic Party has interpreted Article 9 as renouncing the use of warfare in international disputes but not the internal use of force for the purpose of maintaining law and order.

Religion is visible as an organising principle particularly for Islamic states, whereas secularism sits at the other end of the spectrum, with the separation of state and religion being responsible for the Liberal international relations theory.

After service as a Royal Marine and as an intelligence officer for the UK security services, Ashdown was a Member of Parliament ( MP ) for Yeovil from 1983 to 2001, and leader of the Liberal Democrats from 1988 until August 1999 ; later he was the international High Representative for Bosnia and Herzegovina from 27 May 2002 to 30 May 2006, following his vigorous lobbying for military action against Yugoslavia in the 1990s.

The ' English School ' of international relations theory, also known as International Society, Liberal Realism, Rationalism or the British institutionalists, maintains that there is a ' society of states ' at the international level, despite the condition of ' anarchy ' ( literally the lack of a ruler or world state ).

** Liberal Arts, with concentrations in: entertainment technology, ethnoarchaeology, fine and performing arts, foreign language, geography, humanities and social thought, international relations, philosophy, politics and law, scientific inquiry, social issues

Liberal International is a political international federation for liberal political parties.

The Liberal International Constitution ( 2005 ) gives its purposes as " to win general acceptance of Liberal principles which are international in their nature throughout the world, and to foster the growth of a free society based on personal liberty, personal responsibility and social justice, and to provide the means of co-operation and interchange of information between the member organisations, and between men and women of all countries who accept these principles.

In his 2007 play Trudeau: Long March, Shining Path, Clarke features his Liberal hero Trudeau ( 1919 – 2000 ) describing him as “ the Shakespearean character: … He ’ s a figure about whom it is almost impossible to say anything definitive, because he is encompassed by so many contradictions but that ’ s what makes him interesting .” In presenting a multicultural Trudeau on the international stage, Clarke seeks to capture the human dimensions, the personality of Trudeau rather than his politics so as to emphasize the dialogues among key characters to “ show the people as people not just exponents of ideas ”.

The Liberal Army mistreated the population, most of whom it suspected of being Carlist sympathizers, to the point of, sometimes, attempted extermination ; Carlists, very often, treated Liberals no better than they had treated Napoleonic soldiers and agents ), to the point where the international powers forced the warring parties to recognize some rules of war, namely the " Lord Eliot Convention ".

Throughout his long political career Reina held a number of political governmental and international jobs, including judge in the court of Tegucigalpa, peace member of the international court of The Hague, Ambassador of Honduras to France, and president of the Central Executive Council ( CCE ) of the Liberal Party, among other important positions.

The International Federation of Liberal Youth ( IFLRY ) is an international liberal youth organization.

European Liberal Youth ( LYMEC-Liberal and Radical Youth Movement of the European Community ) is an international organisation of Liberal youth movements-mostly the youth wings of members of the European Liberal, Democrat and Reform Party.

Liberal Party of Australia, List of Australians in international prisons, List of cities in Australia, List of people who have walked across Australia, List of political parties in Australia, List of proposed coal-fired power stations in Australia, List of Western Australian towns, List of wind farms in Australia, List of wettest known tropical cyclones in Australia

This strategy of joining “ socialism and liberalism under the same hat ” was especially successful during Cavaco Silva ’ s leadership, when the party gave up its candidacy to the Socialist International and became member of the Liberal International and the European Liberal party and Liberal and Democratic Reformist Group, leaving the international and the European party and group in 1996 to join the Christian Democrat International ( today Centrist Democrat International ), the European People's Party and the European People's Party-European Democrats.

In Central Europe, followed by Great Britain and the United States, Reform Judaism and Liberal Judaism developed, relaxing legal obligations ( especially those that limited Jewish relations with non-Jews ), emulating Protestant decorum in prayer, and emphasizing the ethical values of Judaism's Prophetic tradition.

In 1955, the PLQ severed its affiliation with the Liberal Party of Canada, and, at times since then, relations between the two parties have been strained.

Manley is regarded by some as being from the centre-right of the Liberal party, favouring fiscal conservatism, free trade, and friendly relations with the United States, although his budget included substantial program spending.

Doellinger also entered into relations with the well-known French Liberal Catholic Lamennais, whose views on the reconciliation of the Roman Catholic Church with the principles of modern society ( liberalism ) and the French Revolution had aroused much suspicion in Ultramontane, mainly Jesuit-dominated, circles.

The addresses delivered in the Catholic congress at Mechelen were a declaration in the direction of a Liberal solution of the problem of the relations of Church and State.

As of 2011 divisions are becoming less sharp, and there is increasing cooperation between denominations ( See denomination for a distinction between denomination and association in religious governance ), although relations between Liberal Christians and Conservative Christians remain tense.

In response, the party formed closer relations with the smaller Liberal Party, leading to their formal merger in 2009.

Many of its members continued their political activism in the Liberal Party, with the goal of establishing a fully free-trade economy and thus decreasing the price of basic food products ( such as bread and agricultural produce ), enhancing the performance of agriculture and industry, and creating stronger commercial relations – supposedly the guarantors of peace – with other nations.

As the republican experiment coincided with worsened relations between Prime Minister Ion Brătianu and Carol, all Liberal Party members became suspect of involvement.

Lundie is a former Liberal Democrat Press officer and now works for the Political Affairs team of public relations and lobbying firm, Edelman.

The Liberal Democratic Party of GDR also had some contacts with the West German FDP ; in 1960s and 1970s, the relations were cool, but contacts intensified in 1980s.

While the election of Pierre Trudeau energized the federalists, relations between him and the former Le Devoir editor and now Liberal Leader, Claude Ryan, were frosty-dating back to the FLQ Crisis.

The Liberal Party merged in 1988 with the SDP, and from 1988 to 1997 he served as a Liberal Democrat MP, but had difficult relations with parts of the party, especially over attempts to make the party adopt a pro-choice position on abortion.

Liberal anti-clericalists of the 1880s established a new pattern of church-state relations in which the official constitutional status of the Church was preserved while the state assumed control of many functions formerly the province of the Church.

As a metaphoric, critical interpretation of Colombian history, from foundation to contemporary nation, One Hundred Years of Solitude presents different national myths through the story of the Buendía Family, whose spirit of adventure places them amidst the important actions of Colombian historical events — such as the nineteenth-century arguments for and against the Liberal political reformation of a colonial way of life ; the arrival of the railway to a mountainous country ; the Thousand Days War ( Guerra de los Mil Días, 1899 – 1902 ); the corporate hegemony of the United Fruit Company (" American Fruit Company " in the story ); the cinema ; the automobile ; and the military massacre of striking workers as government – labour relations policy.

This broken promise has created a lasting public relations difficulty for the Liberal Party.

In this capacity, he actively promoted a Liberal-Progressive union: he declined to speak in opposition to the government's 1930 throne speech, and generally attempted to ensure friendly relations between the Liberal and Progressive caucuses.

New Zealand gained international attention for the Liberal reforms, especially how the state regulated labour relations.

Kennedy served as Intergovernmental Affairs critic, which gave him responsibility to speak on behalf of the Liberal Party on matters of federal-provincial relations.

Accordingly, the Liberal Democrats can in theory exert tremendous influence in such a situation since they can ally with one of the two main parties to form a coalition.

* Liberal legalism, a theory on the relationship between politics and law

The society contained a remarkable group of men who afterwards became eminent in different ways: for example, developer of classical electromagnetic theory James Clerk Maxwell and Liberal Party leader Sir William Harcourt.

Liberal feminism is an individualistic form of feminism theory, which primarily focuses on women ’ s ability to show and maintain their equality through their own actions and choices.

A 5th team existed, in theory, as the Albion Committee played a Charity Match against Sunderland Liberal Association on 27 March 1889.

* Liberal theory of economics

The theory was further developed in the " Seguin Report ", commissioned by former Parti Québécois ( PQ ) Premier of Quebec Bernard Landry, and completed under former Liberal Quebec Minister of Finance Yves Séguin.

), widely believed to have won the 1932 elections for the Social Democrats, he made fun of the Liberal theory that budget cuts are the proper remedy for economic downturns.

Liberal intergovernmentalism is a political theory developed by Andrew Moravcsik in 1993 to explain European integration.

Liberal interest-based approaches to regime theory state that cooperation in anarchy is possible without a hegemon because there exists a " convergence of expectations.