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Linguists classify it within the Eastern Polynesian languages as being closely related to Cook Islands Māori, Tuamotuan, Rapanui and Tahitian ; somewhat less closely to Hawaiian and Marquesan ; and more distantly to the languages of Western Polynesia, including Samoan, Tokelauan, Niuean and Tongan.
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Linguists and classify
Linguists such as Dimmendahl, Blench, Hyman, and Segerer classify them into three or more independent branches of Niger – Congo.
Linguists differ somewhat on the way they classify Samoan in relation to the other Polynesian languages.
Linguists classify the language into the Indic subgroup of Indo-European languages and consider it to be one of the Indo-Iranian languages of the area.
Linguists and within
Linguists will make distinctions within these categories ; for example, the audience can be distinguished as addressees and other hearers.
Linguists agree that, apart from such things as pidgins, there are no " primitive " languages: all modern human populations speak languages of comparable expressive power, though much recent scholarship has explored how linguistic complexity varies between and within languages over historical time.
Linguists and Eastern
Linguists consider Maithili to be an Eastern Indic language.
Linguists today distinguish four different dialects, which are not all mutually intelligible: Hill Mari ( мары йӹлмӹ ), concentrated mainly along the right Volga bank ; Meadow Mari ( марий йылме ), spoken in the lowland regions of the Kokshaga and Volga rivers, which includes the city of Yoshkar-Ola ; Eastern Mari, spoken east of the Vyatka River ; and North-Western Mari.
Linguists and Polynesian
Linguists have reconstructed the term to Proto-Nuclear Polynesian * sawaiki.
Linguists include the Rotuman language in a subgroup with the languages of western Fiji, but Rotuman also has a large number of Polynesian loanwords, indicating later contact with Samoa and Tonga.
Linguists and languages
Linguists have had a hard time establishing the precise relationship of the Baltic languages to other languages in the Indo-European family.
Linguists have an incomplete understanding of all aspects of the rules underlying natural languages, and these rules are therefore objects of study.
Linguists ' observations of Old Malay ( sanscritised ), Old Javanese ( sanscritised ) and Old Bugis borrowings in the initial Proto-SEB languages, indicate that the first Hova waves came probably in the 8th century at the earliest.
" Linguists study particular languages, such as English or Xhosa, by examining the utterances produced by the people who speak the language.
Linguists who understand particular languages as a composite of unique, individual idiolects must nonetheless account for the fact that members of large speech communities, and even speakers of different dialects of the same language, can understand one another.
In a paper presented to the 1st International Congress of Linguists in 1928, Trubetzkoy defined a Sprachbund as a group of languages with similarities in syntax, morphological structure, cultural vocabulary and sound systems, but without systematic sound correspondences, shared basic morphology or shared basic vocabulary.
Linguists later applied the name to related languages.
Linguists refer to Maya ( language ) as Yucatec or Yucatec Maya to disambiguate any confusion with other Mayan languages.
Linguists agree that Slavic languages evolved in close proximity with the Baltic languages.
Linguists have classified Maithili as one of the Indo-Aryan languages.
Linguists divide the Romance languages of France, and especially of Medieval France, into three geographical subgroups: Langues d ' oïl and Langues d ' oc, named after their words for ' yes ', with Franco-Provençal ( Arpitan ) considered transitional.
Linguists such as Sergei Starostin have proposed a Dené – Caucasian macrofamily, which includes the North Caucasian languages together with Basque, Burushaski, Na-Dené, Sino-Tibetan, and Yeniseian.
Linguists universally refer to Wakhi as an East Iranian language independent of Tajik Persian, but many Tajik nationalists insist that Wakhi and other Pamir languages are actually dialects of Tajik.
" Linguists ", vs. multi-languists, are not very familiar with the cultural and other nuances contained in many languages, therefore many " linguists " are unable to understand the cross correlations between words and word origins, specifically because they are not well versed in several languages, completely failing to understad the linguistic nuances of foreign languages that are attached to a particular culture.
Linguists and being
Linguists which distinguish them may not agree on the distinction being made.
Linguists and closely
Linguists also suggest that Substratum of Marathi and Konkani is more closely related to Dravidian Kannada.
Linguists and related
Linguists such as Sergei Starostin see the Northwest ( Abkhaz – Adyghe ) and Northeast ( Nakh-Dagestanian ) families as related and propose uniting them in a single North Caucasian family, sometimes called Caucasic or simply Caucasian.
Linguists have found that Quingnam was related to the language of the earlier Moches, Mochica or Muchik.
Linguists have postulated a Comecrudan language family with Comecudo, Mamulique, and Garza as related and Coahuilteco and Cotoname possibly related.
Linguists and Islands
Linguists coined Balearic (, ) as a collective name for the group of Catalan variants that people speak in the Balearic Islands.
Linguists and ;
Linguists of the Romanian Academy reacted by declaring that all the Moldovan words were also Romanian words ; while in Moldova, the head of the Academy of Sciences of Moldova, Ion Bărbuţă, described the dictionary as a politically motivated " absurdity ".
The language is now near extinction ; during the filming of Ironbound Films ' 2008 American documentary film The Linguists, linguists Greg Anderson and K. David Harrison interviewed and recorded one of the last remaining 3 speakers.
Linguists have made significant effort toward defining the difference between borrowing ( loanword usage ) and code-switching ; generally, borrowing occurs in the lexicon, while code-switching occurs at either the syntax level or the utterance-construction level.
Linguists and more
Linguists have not always been more enlightened than `` practical people '' and sometimes have insisted on incredibly trivial points while neglecting things of much greater significance.
It became more widely accepted subsequent to an address by the Danish linguist Otto Jespersen to the 2nd International Congress of Linguists in 1931.
Linguists and Western
Linguists often regard Auslan as having two major dialects-Northern ( Queensland and NSW ), and Southern ( Victoria, Tasmania, South Australia, and Western Australia ).
Linguists and including
Linguists working on Tungusic have proposed a number of different classifications based on different criteria, including morphological, lexical, and phonological characteristics.
Linguists including Christopher Beckwith argue for Japanese as a descendant of Goguryeo, and for Korean as a descendant of the Silla language, based on lexical similarities between Goguryeo and Japanese, and based upon Silla's ultimate triumph in the quest for political control of Korea.
Linguists and .
Linguists have found that, while humans form sentences in ways apparently governed by very complex systems, they are remarkably unaware of the rules that govern their own speech.
Linguists Edward R. Simmen and Richard F. Bauerle report the use of the term in an essay by Mexican American writer, Mario Suárez, published in the Arizona Quarterly in 1947.
Linguists Arnold Zwicky and Geoffrey Pullum argue, however, that the form has the properties of an affix rather than a syntactically independent clitic.
It has also been continuously developed by Linguists such as Kees Hengeveld.
Linguists do not normally use the term to refer to orthographical rules, although usage books and style guides that call themselves grammars may also refer to spelling and punctuation.
Linguists tend to view prescriptive grammars as having little justification beyond their authors ' aesthetic tastes, although style guides may give useful advice about standard language employment, based on descriptions of usage in contemporary writings of the same language.
Linguists who have been active in this field are Jennifer Jenkins, Barbara Seidlhofer, Christiane Meierkord and Joachim Grzega.
Linguists tend to eschew this term, but historically some have reserved the term joual for the variant of Quebec French spoken in Montreal.
Linguists Noam Chomsky and Morris Halle authored seminal texts on generative grammar and phonology.
Linguists often prefer to define nouns ( and other lexical categories ) in terms of their formal properties.
Linguists, however, do not support any Indian origins.
Linguists with other interests and differing perspectives than the originators ' can exploit this work.
* Bookmarks for Corpus-based Linguists -- very comprehensive site with categorized and annotated links to language corpora, software, references, etc.
Linguists recognize that the above list of eight word classes is drastically simplified and artificial.
Linguists documenting the sounds of speech use various special symbols, of which the International Phonetic Alphabet is the most widely known.
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