* The Han dynasty is restored in China as Liu Xiu proclaims himself Emperor, starting the Jianwu era ( until 56 ).

Despite this, Liu Xiu, the later Emperor Guangwu of Han, buys crossbows in the winter of 22 in order to aid the rebellion of his brother Liu Yan ( styled Bosheng ) and Li Tong.

* July – After being under siege for two months, about 19, 000 insurgents under Liu Xiu defeat 450, 000 of Wang Mang's troops in the Battle of Kunyang, ushering in the fall of Wang Mang and restoration of the Han Dynasty in China.

The Eastern Han began when Liu Xiu became Emperor Guangwu of Han.

Emperor Gengshi's brother Liu Xiu, known posthumously as Emperor Guangwu ( r. 25 – 57 CE ), after distinguishing himself at the Battle of Kunyang in 23 CE, was urged to succeed Gengshi as emperor.

The Eastern Han, also known as the Later Han, formally began on 5 August 25, when Liu Xiu became Emperor Guangwu of Han.

** the Han Dynasty, Emperor Guangwu of Han ( Liu Xiu )

In China, Pei Xiu ( 224 – 271 ) identified " measuring right angles and acute angles " as the fifth of his six principles for accurate map-making, necessary to accurately establish distances ; while Liu Hui ( c. 263 ) gives a version of the calculation above, for measuring perpendicular distances to inaccessible places.

The Han dynasty was reestablished in AD 25 when Liu Xiu ( Emperor Guangwu ) took the throne.

His brother Liu Xiu, by contrast, was a careful and deliberate man, who was content to be a farmer.

( It was said that many of the neighborhood young men were initially hesitant to join the rebels, but when they saw that Liu Xiu, whom they considered wise and careful, joining as well, they agreed to.

The Han forces were at this point in two groups — one led by Wang Feng, Wang Chang ( 王常 ), and Liu Xiu, which, in response to the arrival of the Xin forces, withdrew to the small town of Kunyang ( 昆陽, in modern Pingdingshan, Henan ) and one led by Liu Yan, which was still besieging Wancheng.

The rebels in Kunyang initially wanted to scatter, but Liu Xiu opposed it ; rather, he advocated that they guard Kunyang securely, while he would gather all other available troops in surrounding areas and attack the Xin forces from the outside.

Liu Xiu carried out his action, and when he returned to Kunyang, he began harassing the besieging Xin forces from the outside.

Wang Yi and Wang Xun, annoyed, led 10, 000 men to attack Liu Xiu and ordered the rest of their troops not to move from their siege locations.

Once they engaged in battle, however, after minor losses, the other units were hesitant to assist them, and Liu Xiu killed Wang Xun in battle.

Keng-Shih-ti, ( d. strangled AD 25 ), also known as the Prince of Huaiyang ( 淮陽王, the title that Emperor Guangwu ( Liu Xiu ) gave him in absentia after he was deposed by Chimei forces ), courtesy name Shenggong ( 聖公 ), was an emperor of the restored Chinese Han Dynasty following the fall of Wang Mang's Xin Dynasty.

His brother Liu Xiu, by contrast, was a careful and deliberate man, who was content to be a farmer.

( It was said that many of the neighborhood young men were initially hesitant to join the rebels, but when they saw that Liu Xiu, whom they considered wise and careful, joining as well, they agreed to.

The Han forces were at this point in two groups — one led by Wang Feng ( 王鳳 ), Wang Chang ( 王常 ), and Liu Xiu, which, in response to the arrival of the Xin forces, withdrew to the small town of Kunyang ( 昆陽, in modern Pingdingshan, Henan ) and one led by Liu Yan, which was still sieging Wancheng.

The rebels in Kunyang initially wanted to scatter, but Liu Xiu opposed it ; rather, he advocated that they guard Kunyang securely, while he would gather all other available troops in surrounding areas and attack the Xin forces from the outside.

Liu Xiu carried out his action, and when he returned to Kunyang, he began harassing the sieging Xin forces from the outside.

These records state that Bu began his rule before 477, was recognized as the ruler of Japan by the Liu Song, Southern Qi, and Liang dynasties, and continued his rule through to 502.

It was commented on by Liu Hui in the 3rd century.

During the Cultural Revolution, following the downfall of Liu Shaoqi, who was Chairman of the People's Republic of China, no successor was named, so the duties of the head of state were transferred collectively to the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress.

The merchant was sent to be reborn as Liu Qi ( 刘杞 ).

Chen was a beautiful and talented girl, but did not wish to marry Liu Qi.

Liu Huaqing was an Army Officer who spent most of his career in administrative positions involving science and technology.

Liu was also very close to Deng Xiaoping as his modernization efforts were very much in keeping with Deng's national policies.

The latter fuses Daoist ideas with Confucianism and was a precursor to later Chinese metaphysical nature poetry, according to Liu Wu-chi.

* July 19 – A Chinese delegate in the Netherlands, Liu en-Tsiu, is declared persona non grata because of the death of a Chinese engineer in unclear circumstances ; there are claims that he was kidnapped and taken to the delegate's office.

* Liu Zhang, ruled Yi after Liu Yan's death until he was forced to hand it to Liu Bei ( d. 219 )

It began when the ruler of Wei, Cao Cao, was defeated by Liu Bei and Sun Quan at the Battle of Red Cliffs.

Court eunuch Jian Shuo planned to kill General-in-Chief He Jin, a relative of the imperial family, and to replace the crown prince Liu Bian with his younger brother Liu Xie, the Prince of Chenliu ( in present-day Kaifeng ), though his plan was unsuccessful.

In 192, there was some talk among the coalition of appointing Liu Yu, an imperial relative, as emperor, and gradually its members began to fall out.

Cao Cao, directly to Yuan Shao's south, was engaged in a struggle against Yuan Shu and Liu Biao, who occupied respectively the Huai River basin and middle Yangtze regions.

Lü Bu fled to Xu Province and was received by Liu Bei, and an uneasy alliance began between the two.

In 197, Yuan Shu, who was at odds with Cao Cao, Yuan Shao, and Liu Bei, felt assured of victory with his subordinate's conquests, and thus declared himself emperor of the Cheng Dynasty.

In 200, after winning a decisive battle against Liu Biao at Sha County and putting down the rebellions of Xu Gong and others, Sun Ce was struck by an arrow and fatally wounded.

It was founded by the rebel leader Liu Bang, known posthumously as Emperor Gaozu of Han.

Following Liu Bang's victory in the Chu – Han Contention, the resulting Han Dynasty was named after the Hanzhong fief.

By 157 BCE, the Han court had replaced all of these kings with royal Liu family members, since the loyalty of non-relatives to the throne was questioned.

However, he was overwhelmed by the " Red Eyebrow " rebels who deposed, assassinated, and replaced him with the puppet monarch Liu Penzi.