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Logical positivism held that only statements about empirical observations and formal logical propositions are meaningful, and that statements which are not derived in this manner ( including religious and metaphysical statements ) are by nature meaningless ( see the verifiability theory of meaning also known as verificationism ).
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Logical and positivism
* Logical positivism
Category: Logical positivism
Logical empiricism ( aka logical positivism or neopositivism ) was an early 20th century attempt to synthesize the essential ideas of British empiricism ( e. g. a strong emphasis on sensory experience as the basis for knowledge ) with certain insights from mathematical logic that had been developed by Gottlob Frege and Ludwig Wittgenstein.
Logical positivism ( also known as logical empiricism, scientific philosophy, and neo-positivism ) is a philosophy that combines empiricism — the idea that observational evidence is indispensable for knowledge — with a version of rationalism incorporating mathematical and logico-linguistic constructs and deductions of epistemology.
Logical positivism, in the formal sense, began from discussions of a group known as the First Vienna Circle which gathered during the earliest years of the 20th century in Vienna at the Café Central.
Logical positivism used formal logic to underpin an empiricist account of our knowledge of the world.
Logical positivism was a movement without a fixed set of doctrines.
Logical positivism spread throughout almost the entire western world.
Logical positivism was essential to the development of early analytic philosophy.
Logical positivism was immensely influential in the philosophy of language.
* Logical positivism, a school of philosophy that combines empiricism with a version of rationalism
Category: Logical positivism
* Logical positivism
Logical positivism was a perhaps extreme version of this practice, though this claim is open to debate.
* Logical positivism
Category: Logical positivism
* Logical positivism
Category: Logical positivism
Category: Logical positivism
Logical positivism was the first philosophy of science in the twentieth century and the forerunner of scientific realism, holding that a sharp distinction can be drawn between observational terms and theoretical terms, the latter capable of semantic analysis in observational and logical terms.
Logical positivism encountered difficulties with:
* Logical positivism
Logical positivism, a movement begun as a small circle which grew around the philosopher Moritz Schlick in Vienna, inspired many philosophers in the English speaking world from the 1930s through the 1950s.
* Logical positivism
* Rudolf Carnap publishes an article called " Testability and Meaning " in Readings in the Philosophy of Science which moves away from the philosophical position of Logical positivism with respect to science ( particularly the heavily mathematical sciences like physics ).
Logical and only
Logical disjunction is an operation on two logical values, typically the values of two propositions, that produces a value of false if and only if both of its operands are false.
In his Logical Investigations, Husserl mentions Frege only twice, once in a footnote to point out that he had retracted three pages of his criticism of Frege's The Foundations of Arithmetic, and again to question Frege's use of the word Bedeutung to designate " reference " rather than " meaning " ( sense ).
Logical conjunction is an operation on two logical values, typically the values of two propositions, that produces a value of true if and only if both of its operands are true.
In " The Elimination of Metaphysics Through Logical Analysis of Language " ( 1932 ), Rudolf Carnap accused Heidegger of offering an " illusory " ontology, criticizing him for committing the fallacy of reification and for wrongly dismissing the logical treatment of language which, according to Carnap, can only lead to writing " nonsensical pseudo-propositions.
Logical channel identifiers identify a specific logical channel between the DTE ( subscriber appliance ) and the DCE ( network ), and only has local significance on the link between the subscriber and the network.
Initially, two additional levels of representation were introduced ( LF — Logical Form, and PF — Phonetic Form ), and then in the 1990s Chomsky sketched out a new program of research known as Minimalism, in which Deep Structure and Surface Structure no longer featured and PF and LF remained as the only levels of representation.
Logical equality ( also known as biconditional ) is an operation on two logical values, typically the values of two propositions, that produces a value of true if and only if both operands are false or both operands are true.
However, it became widely known only when Russell gave a series of lectures in 1918 entitled " The Philosophy of Logical Atomism ".
Logical models can be broadly divided into ones which only attempt to represent concepts, such as mathematical models ; and ones which attempt to represent physical objects, and factual relationships, among which are scientific models.
Logical and statements
Logical connectives can be used to link more than two statements, so one can speak about "
Logical positivists ( or ' neopositivists ') reject metaphysical assertions and attempt to reduce statements and propositions to pure logic.
* Logical implication, entailment, or consequence, a relation between statements
Logical analysis shows that there are two different kinds of statements ; one kind includes statements reducible to simpler statements about the empirically given ; the other kind includes statements which cannot be reduced to statements about experience and thus they are devoid of meaning.
Logical SLOC attempts to measure the number of executable " statements ", but their specific definitions are tied to specific computer languages ( one simple logical SLOC measure for C-like programming languages is the number of statement-terminating semicolons ).
Logical languages are meant to allow ( or enforce ) unambiguous statements.
Logical laws give the relation between different statements, while they also are statements of the system.
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