Logical positivists divided knowledge into analytic and synthetic categories.

Logical positivists rejected the existence of any synthetic a priori knowledge.

Logical positivists also distinguished observational and theoretical terms.

Logical positivists in response wanted to stop such metaphysical entities from being used as an explanation.

Logical positivists ( or ' neopositivists ') reject metaphysical assertions and attempt to reduce statements and propositions to pure logic.

Logical positivists, such as Rudolf Carnap and A. J. Ayer viewed any talk of gods as literal nonsense.

Logical disjunction is an operation on two logical values, typically the values of two propositions, that produces a value of false if and only if both of its operands are false.

Logical conjunction is an operation on two logical values, typically the values of two propositions, that produces a value of true if and only if both of its operands are true.

Logical equality ( also known as biconditional ) is an operation on two logical values, typically the values of two propositions, that produces a value of true if and only if both operands are false or both operands are true.

diagrams typically are associated with use case realizations in the Logical View of the

Husserl's Logical Investigations ( 1900 – 1901 ) is considered the starting point for the formal theory of wholes and their parts known as mereology.

James M. Buchanan and Gordon Tullock coauthored The Calculus of Consent: Logical Foundations of Constitutional Democracy ( 1962 ), considered one of the landmark works that founded the discipline of public choice theory.

* Logical possibility is usually considered the broadest sort of possibility ; a proposition is said to be logically possible if there is no logical contradiction involved in its being true.

In contrast, systems which introduce polymorphic types ( like System F ) or dependent types ( like the Logical Framework ) are not considered simply typed.

Logical positivism ( also known as logical empiricism, scientific philosophy, and neo-positivism ) is a philosophy that combines empiricism — the idea that observational evidence is indispensable for knowledge — with a version of rationalism incorporating mathematical and logico-linguistic constructs and deductions of epistemology.

Logical positivism was essential to the development of early analytic philosophy.

Logical positivism was immensely influential in the philosophy of language.

* Logical positivism, a school of philosophy that combines empiricism with a version of rationalism

The phenomenological tie-in with the sociology of knowledge stems from two key historical sources for Mannheim's analysis: Mannheim was dependent on insights derived from Husserl's phenomenological investigations, especially the theory of meaning as found in Husserl's Logical Investigations of 1900 / 1901 ( Husserl: 2000 ), in the formulation of his central methodological work: " On The Interpretation of Weltanschauung " ( Mannheim: 1993: see fn41 & fn43 )-this essay forms the centerpiece for Mannheim's method of historical understanding and is central to his conception of the sociology of knowledge as a research program ; and The concept of " Weltanschauung " employed by Mannheim has its origins in the hermeneutic philosophy of Wilhelm Dilthey, who relied on Husserl's theory of meaning ( above ) for his methodological specification of the interpretive act ( Mannheim: 1993: see fn38 ).

Logical positivism was the first philosophy of science in the twentieth century and the forerunner of scientific realism, holding that a sharp distinction can be drawn between observational terms and theoretical terms, the latter capable of semantic analysis in observational and logical terms.

An illustration of some important differences between " analytic " and " continental " styles of philosophy can be found in Rudolf Carnap's " Elimination of Metaphysics through Logical Analysis of Language " ( Originally published in 1932 as " Überwindung der Metaphysik durch Logische Analyse der Sprache "), a paper some observers have described as particularly polemical.

Logical atomism is a philosophical belief that originated in the early 20th century with the development of analytic philosophy.

Logical positivism ( also known as logical empiricism, scientific philosophy, and neo-positivism ) is a philosophy that combines empiricism — the idea that observational evidence is indispensable for knowledge — with a version of rationalism incorporating mathematical and logico-linguistic constructs and deductions of epistemology.

With his book The Logical Structure of Mathematical Physics, published in 1971, and other important contributions to the philosophy of science he founded the structural theory of the empirical sciences.

Analytic philosophy, Protestantism, Christian Democracy, Communism, Conservatism, Constructionism, Deconstructionism, Empiricism, Epicureanism, Existentialism, Fascism, Humanism, Idealism, Internationalism, Liberalism, Logical positivism, Marxism, Materialism, Monarchism, Nationalism, Perspectivism, Platonism, Positivism, Postmodernism, Rationalism, Relativism, Republicanism, Romanticism, Scepticism, Scholasticism, Social Democracy, Socialism, Stoicism, Structuralism, Thomism, Utilitarianism, Spenglerism.

In a 1931 paper with Albert Blumberg, " Logical Positivism: A New European Movement ," he argued for logical positivism to be renamed " logical empiricism " based upon certain realist differences between contemporary philosophy of science and the older positivist movement.

Logical psychologism is a position in logic ( or the philosophy of logic ) according to which logical laws and mathematical laws are grounded in, derived from or explained by psychological facts ( or laws ).

HOLMES IV (" High-Optional, Logical, Multi-Evaluating Supervisor, Mark IV ") is the Lunar Authority's master computer, having almost total control of Luna's machinery on the grounds that a single computer is cheaper than ( though not as safe as ) multiple independent systems.

He is best remembered for having written along with Warren McCulloch, a seminal paper entitled " A Logical Calculus of Ideas Immanent in Nervous Activity " ( 1943 ).

Logical and physical data models are very different in their objectives, goals and content.

The Logical Method contains about the best exposition and defence of Ricardo ’ s theory of rent ; and the Essays contain a very clear and formidable criticism of Bastiat ’ s economic doctrines.

** LVM ( Logical Volume Manager ) was incorporated into OSF / 1, and in 1995 for HP-UX, and the Linux LVM implementation is similar to the HP-UX LVM implementation.

* BUFFALO: Bit User Fast Friendly Aid to Logical Operation the standard bootloader for the 68HC11 family of microprocessors.

" Foresight: its Logical Laws, Its Subjective Sources ," ( translation of the 1937 article in French ) in H. E. Kyburg and H. E. Smokler ( eds ), Studies in Subjective Probability, New York: Wiley, 1964.

* Ramsey, Frank Plumpton ( 1931 ) " Truth and Probability " ( PDF ), Chapter VII in The Foundations of Mathematics and other Logical Essays, Reprinted 2001, Routledge.

Logical Investigations, 2nd ed.

Logical Dilemmas: The Life and Work of Kurt Gödel.

* Teorey, T .; Lightstone, S. and Nadeau, T. Database Modeling & Design: Logical Design, 4th edition, Morgan Kaufmann Press, 2005.

* Logical Correlation: The fact that the data have some properties which tie them together, so that we can distinguish a distributed database from a set of local databases or files which are resident at different sites of a computer network.

Logical matrix | Logical matrices of the Bell number | 52 equivalence relations on a 5-element set ( Colored fields, including those in light gray, stand for ones ; white fields for zeros.

From Logical Investigations ( 1900 / 1901 ) to Experience and Judgment ( published in 1939 ), Husserl expressed clearly the difference between meaning and object.

Later, in the first volume of his Logical Investigations, the Prolegomena of Pure Logic, Husserl, while attacking the psychologistic point of view in logic and mathematics, also appears to reject much of his early work, although the forms of psychologism analysed and refuted in the Prolegomena did not apply directly to his Philosophy of Arithmetic.

* Logical Investigations, 1973 second revised editions 1913, Findlay, J. N., trans.

An oblique reference to Epimenides in the context of logic appears in " The Logical Calculus " by W. E. Johnson, Mind ( New Series ), volume 1, number 2 ( April, 1892 ), pages 235 – 250.