Trade was mostly with the Portuguese colony of Brazil ; Brazilian ships were the most numerous in the ports of Luanda and Benguela.

By 1850, Luanda was one of the greatest and most developed Portuguese cities in the vast Portuguese Empire outside Mainland Portugal, full of trading companies, exporting ( together with Benguela ) palm and peanut oil, wax, copal, timber, ivory, cotton, coffee, and cocoa, among many other products.

The most famous of the explorers was David Livingstone, who explored southern Africa and traversed the continent from the Atlantic at Luanda to the Indian Ocean at Quelimane.

Luanda was Portugal's bridgehead from 1627, except during the Dutch rule of Luanda, from 1640 to 1648, as Fort Aardenburgh.

The slave trade was conducted mostly with the Portuguese colony of Brazil ; Brazilian ships were the most numerous in the port of Luanda.

During this period, no large scale territorial conquest was intended by the Portuguese ; only a few minor settlements were established in the immediate hinterland of Luanda, some on the last stretch of the Kwanza River.

A strong degree of Brazilian influence was noted in Luanda until the Independence of Brazil in 1822.

By 1850, Luanda was one of the greatest and most developed Portuguese cities in the vast Portuguese Empire outside Mainland Portugal, full of trading companies, exporting ( together with Benguela ) palm and peanut oil, wax, copal, timber, ivory, cotton, coffee, and cocoa, among many other products.

Like most of Portuguese Angola, the cosmopolitan city of Luanda was not affected by the Portuguese Colonial War ( 1961 – 1974 ); economic growth and development in the entire region reached record highs during this period.

By the time of Angolan independence in 1975, Luanda was a modern city.

Construction in Luanda was booming during late colonial rule and is once again booming.

The other highway will connect the city center of Luanda to Viana, and was expected to be completed by the end of 2008.

* November 25 – " Aeroflot " Antonov AN-12 cargo airplane in route from Cuito Cuanavale to Luanda was shot down by South African Special Forces and crashed approximately 43 km of Menongue, the provincial center of the Cuando Cubango province, Angola, killing 8 crew members and 13 passengers on board.

From the 15th century Portuguese colonists began trading and a settlement was established at Luanda in the 16th century.

The area of current day Angola was inhabited during the paleolithic and neolithic eras, as attested by remains found in Luanda, Congo and the Namibe desert, eventually, at the beginning of recorded history other cultures and people also arrived.

Luanda was granted the status of city in 1605.

Eventually he was beheaded in Luanda.

Trade was mostly with the Portuguese colony of Brazil ; Brazilian ships were the most numerous in the ports of Luanda and Benguela.

By 1850, Luanda was one of the largest Portuguese cities in the Portuguese Empire outside Mainland Portugal exporting ( together with Benguela ) palm and peanut oil, wax, copal, timber, ivory, cotton, coffee, and cocoa, among many other products-almost all the produce of a continued forced labour system.

The First Documentation of weather in West-Central Africa occurs around the mid sixteenth-seventeenth centuries in areas such as Luanda Kongo, however, not much data was recorded on the issues of weather and disease except for a few notable documents.

In Brazil, he briefly captured the Portuguese settlement of Salvador, personally leading the assault on the sea fortress of that town. In August with a small and undermanned fleet he sailed for the African west coast and attacked a Portuguese fleet in a strongly defended bay of Luanda but failed to capture any ships. He then crossed the Atlantic ocean again to try and capture merchant ships at the city of Vitória, but was defeated by a resistance organized by the local civilians, with assistance by a Portuguese garrison. After finding Salvador recaptured by a large Spanish-Portuguese fleet Heyn returned home. The Dutch West India Company were pleased with Heyn's leadership qualities and in 1626 placed him in command of a new squadron. In subsequent raids in 1627 at Salvador, he attacked and captured over thirty richly laden Portuguese merchant ships before returning to the United Provinces.

The best known post-World-War-II example of this was on 28 June 1976 when, at the end of the Luanda Trial ' an Angolan court sentenced three Britons and an American to death, and nine other mercenaries to prison terms ranging from 16 to 30 years.

It is also the capital city of Luanda Province, and the world's third most populous Portuguese-speaking city, behind only São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro, both in Brazil.

Living conditions in Luanda are poor for most of the people, with essential services such as safe drinking water and electricity still in short supply, and severe shortcomings in traffic conditions.

Luanda is one of the world's most expensive cities for resident foreigners.

Nevertheless the Portuguese, despite having to divide their forces among Europe, Brazil and Africa, managed to retake Luanda, in Portuguese Angola, from the Dutch in 1648 and, by 1654, had recovered most of Brazil, effectively ceasing to be a viable Dutch colony.

Upon Angolan independence in November 1975, the MPLA held power in Luanda, but the new MPLA government faced a civil war with the other political formations UNITA and FNLA ; the civil war continued for most of the period until 2002.

The port normally handled a major part of the Angolan catch and had one of the most important fish landings of the Portuguese Overseas Province of Angola together with Luanda, Benguela and Lobito.

Stephen Henighan writes that the character of Jaime Bunda, a bumbling detective with roots in two of Angola's most prominent families, represents the changes that the Luanda Creole population has undergone in the view of Pepetela.

Some of her most notable collaborations were with Mensagem ( CEI ); Mensagem ( Luanda ); Itinerário ; Notícias do Bloqueio ( Porto, 1959 ); O Brado Africano ; Moçambique 58 ; Vértice ( Coimbra ), Sul ( Brazil ).

In Angola most clubs are based in Luanda.

The most notable missions performed were in Bolama ( Guinea-Bissau, 1990 ), Luanda ( Angola, 1992 ), and Bissau ( Guinea-Bissau, 1998 and again in 1999 ).

Meanwhile the Dutch renew their attack on Angola and capture the most extensive Portuguese slaving grounds in Africa, including the Angolan port of Luanda.

Despite professed disgust at their customs, Portuguese governors of Luanda sometimes hired the Imbangala for their campaigns, beginning with Bento Banha Cardoso in 1615 but most notably following Luis Mendes de Vasconcelos's 1618 assault on Ndongo.

Luanda, formerly named São Paulo da Assunção de Loanda, is the capital and largest city of Angola.

Throughout Portugal's Estado Novo period, Luanda grew from a town of 61, 208 with 14. 6 % of those inhabitants being white in 1940, to a wealthy cosmopolitan major city of 475, 328 in 1970 with 124, 814 Europeans ( 26. 3 %) and around 50, 000 mixed race inhabitants.

Luanda is divided into two parts, the Baixa de Luanda ( lower Luanda, the old city ) and the Cidade Alta ( upper city or the new part ).

A completely new satellite city, called Luanda Sul has been built.

The capital Luanda is growing constantly-and in addition, increasingly beyond the official city limits and even provincial boundaries.

Luanda Sul is a satellite city of Luanda, the capital of Angola.

The population of Luanda has grown dramatically in recent years, due in large part to war-time migration to the city, which is safe compared to the rest of the country.

Large investment ( domestic and international ), along with strong economic growth, has dramatically increased construction of all economic sectors in the city of Luanda.

Luanda has been of major concern because its population had multiplied and had far outgrown the capacities of the city, especially because much of its infrastructure ( water, electricity, roads etc.

In 2013 Luanda together with Namibe city, will host the 2013 FIRS Men's Roller Hockey World Cup, the first time that a World Cup of roller hockey is held in Africa.

* Portugal founds the city of Luanda, Angola.