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Lucullus is reported by Plutarch to have lost his mind at the end and went intermittently mad as he aged ; Plutarch, however seems to be somewhat ambivalent as to whether the factor behind the apparent madness was what he seems to most lean towards which was the administration of some sort of love potion or if it was at least in part feigned as a political protection against changes in the Roman state, such as the rise of the popular party.
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Lucullus and is
Another theory is that it was built for another native, Sallustius Lucullus, a Roman governor of Britain of the late 1st century who may have been the son of the British prince Adminius.
A cultivated cherry is recorded as having been brought to Rome by Lucius Licinius Lucullus from northeastern Anatolia, modern day Turkey, also known as the Pontus region, in 72 BC.
Its introduction to Greece is attributed to Alexander the Great, and the Roman General Lucullus ( 106 – 57 B. C.
* Scipio Aemilianus is sent by the Roman general, Lucius Licinius Lucullus, to Numidia to obtain some elephants from the Numidian king Masinissa, the friend of his grandfather Scipio Africanus.
Antiochus is first mentioned in the ancient sources in 69 BC, when the Roman Lucullus campaign against Armenian King Tigranes the Great.
* Lucullus is Timon's " friend ".
Two biographies of Lucullus survive today, Plutarch's Lucullus in the famous series of Parallel Lives, in which Lucullus is paired with the Athenian aristocratic politician and Strategos Cimon, and # 74 in the slender Latin Liber de viris illustribus, of late and unknown authorship, the main sources for which appear to go back to Varro and his most significant successor in the genre, Gaius Julius Hyginus.
The most obscure part of Lucullus ' public career is the year he spent as Praetor in Rome, followed by his command of Roman Africa, which probably lasted the usual two-year span for this province in the post-Sullan period.
This command is significant in showing Lucullus performing the regular, less glamorous, administrative duties of a public career in the customary sequence and, given his renown as a Philhellene, for the regard he showed for subject peoples who were not Greek.
But this is refuted by Lucullus ' conduct during his administration of Africa province ( c. 77-75 B. C., see above ), the period of his career most conspicuously missing from the Greek biography by Plutarch.
Pompey is said by Pliny to have referred often to Lucullus as " Xerxes in a toga ".
And, among the various edible plants associated with Lucullus is a cultivar of the vegetable Swiss chard ( Beta vulgaris ); which is named " Lucullus " in his honor.
Lucullus is memorialized with a strain of Swiss chard.
It is possible, based on epigraphic evidence, that Sallustius Lucullus, Roman governor of Britain in the late 1st century, was his grandson.
The vineyard's site is identified with the gardens of Lucullus, the most famous in the late Roman republic.
Lucullus, the cognomen of a branch of the Licinii, which first occurs in history towards the end of the Second Punic War, is probably derived from the praenomen Lucius, of which it appears to be a diminutive.
Sallustius Lucullus ( d. c. 89 ) was a governor of Roman Britain during the late 1st century, holding office after Gnaeus Julius Agricola although it is unclear whether he directly inherited the post or if there was another unknown governor in between.
It is possible that he may be identified with the Lucius Lucullus who was proconsul of Hispania Baetica, and a student of marine life, at the time Pliny the Elder wrote his Natural History ( c. 77 ).
Russell suggests that this is the same Lucullus, and that his father was the native British prince Amminus, son of Cunobelinus, who fled to Rome c. 40.
Lucullus and by
* 68 BC – Battle of Artaxata: Lucullus averts the bad omen of this day by defeating Tigranes the Great of Armenia.
The sources do agree that Romulus took up residence in the Lucullan Villa, an ancient castle originally built by Lucullus in Campania.
In response to the first threat, Rome's best general, Lucius Licinius Lucullus ( consul in 74 BC ), was sent to defeat Mithridates, followed shortly by his brother Varro Lucullus ( consul in 73 BC ).
Some time later, when the Roman armies led by Pompey and Varro Lucullus were recalled to Italy in support of Crassus, Spartacus decided to fight rather than find himself and his followers trapped between three armies, two of them returning from overseas action.
Two inscriptions recording the presence of Lucullus have been found in nearby Chichester and the redating, by Miles Russell, of the palace to the early AD 90s, would fit far more securely with such an interpretation.
If the palace was designed for Lucullus, then it may have only been in use for a few years, for the Roman historian Suetonius records that Lucullus was executed by the delusional emperor Domitian in or shortly after AD 93.
Mithridates fled to Armenia, rules by his son-in-law Tigranes, who refuses to turn his father-in-law in to Lucius Lucullus.
The name was soon changed to Apollonia, on account of a temple dedicated to Apollo in the town, containing a famous colossal statue of the god Apollo by Calamis, 30 cubits high, transported later to Rome by Lucullus and placed in the Capitol.
Cyzicus was held for the Romans against King Mithridates VI of Pontus who besieged it with 300, 000 men in 74 BC, but it withstood him stoutly, and the siege was raised by Lucullus: the loyalty of the city was rewarded by an extension of territory and other privileges.
Felicitas was unknown before the mid-2nd century BC, when a temple was dedicated to her in the Velabrum in the Campus Martius by Lucius Licinius Lucullus, using booty from his 151 – 150 BC campaign in Spain.
In that sense the pages of literary history are peopled with shadows: Aquilius Gallus, Quintus Hortensius Hortalus, Lucius Licinius Lucullus and many others who left a reputation but no readable works ; they are to be presumed in the Golden Age by their associations.
Selene was eventually captured and killed by Tigranes, but after the latter's defeat by Pompey, the residents of Antioch hailed Antiochus XIII as king, and Lucius Lucullus approved his appointment as client ruler of Syria ( 69 BC ).
Lucullus ' reaction was an attack that was so precipitate that he took Tigranes by surprise.
Tigranes was, according to Keaveney, so impressed by Mithrobazanes ' courage that he appointed Mithrobazanes to command an army against Lucullus – Mithrobazanes was however defeated and killed.
On October 6, 69 BCE, Tigranes ' much larger force was decisively defeated by the Roman army under Lucullus in the Battle of Tigranocerta.
Once again, both Mithridates and Tigranes evaded capture by the victorious Romans. However, the Armenian historians claim, that Romans lost the battle of Artaxata and Lucullus ' following withdrawal from the Kingdom of Armenia in reality was an escape due to above-mentioned defeat.
Frustrated by the rough terrain of Northern Armenia and seeing the worsening moral of his troops, Lucullus moved back south and put Nisibis under siege.
In 69-68 BC Lucullus, having overcome Armenian ruler Tigranes II, approached the borders of Caucasian Albania and was succeeded by Pompey.
Lucullus and Plutarch
* Plutarch Roman Lives of: Lucullus, Pompeius, Cicero, Caesar, Cato
* Plutarch, Lucullus, also the lives of Kimon, Sulla, Pompeius, Cicero, Cato
* Jones, C P: " Plutarch Lucullus 42, 3-4 ", Hermes, 110 ( 1982 ), 254-56
* Tatum, W J: " Lucullus and Clodius at Nisibis ( Plutarch, Lucullus 33-34 )", Athenaeum, 79 ( 1991 )
As Plutarch pointed out, " Lucullus the first Roman who carried an army over Taurus, passed the Tigris, took and burnt the royal palaces of Asia in the sight of the kings, Tigranocerta, Cabira, Sinope, and Nisibis, seizing and overwhelming the northern parts as far as the Phasis, the east as far as Media, and making the South and Red Sea his own through the kings of the Arabians.
Plutarch, ' Lucullus ' ch.
Plutarch, like most of Lucullus ' Roman contemporaries, thought these occupations of Lucullus ' retirement unbecoming to a Roman, and mere play:
Some historians, most notably Plutarch, wrote that Tigranes considered Lucullus ' army to be far too small, and upon seeing it, is quoted to have said that " If they come as ambassadors, they are too many ; if they are soldiers, too few ," although some have expressed doubt on the veracity of this quote.
* Tatum, W J: " Lucullus and Clodius at Nisibis ( Plutarch, Lucullus 33-34 )", Athenaeum, 79 ( 1991 )
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