** Luxembourg — no voltage change at the border ( the line Arlon-Luxembourg is at 3 kV DC and the line Gouvy-Luxembourg is at 25 kV AC )

This combination first appeared in 1949, and is ascribed to Gustave Tops, a Belgian barman, who created it at the Hotel Metropole in Brussels in honor of Perle Mesta, then U. S. ambassador to Luxembourg.

In such cases it is the prime minister who holds the day-to-day powers of governance, while the King or Queen ( or other monarch, such as a Grand Duke, in the case of Luxembourg, or Prince in the case of Monaco and Liechtenstein ) retains only residual ( but not always minor ) powers.

Additional evidence is given by one inscription on a metal plaque from Steinsel-Rëlent in Luxembourg, in the territory of the Celtic Treveri.

* 1408 – The Order of the Dragon a monarchical chivalric order is created by Sigismund of Luxembourg, then King of Hungary.

Turnout in 2009 stood at 43 % of all European voters, ranging from 90 % in Luxembourg and Belgium ( where compulsory voting is used ) to 20 % in Slovakia.

The Secretariat of the European Parliament, the Parliament's administrative body, is based in Luxembourg.

Active voluntary euthanasia is legal in Belgium, Luxembourg and the Netherlands.

Support is greatest in Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Spain and Ireland, with about 70 %– 80 % thinking that membership is a good thing.

Trust is highest in Slovakia, Belgium, Malta, Denmark, Estonia, Romania, Bulgaria, and Luxembourg ; it is lowest in the UK ( 22 %) and Latvia ( 40 %).

The European Investment Fund, established in 1994, is a European Union agency for the provision of finance to SMEs ( small and medium-sized enterprises ), headquartered in Luxembourg.

Éisleker Ham or Jambon d ' Oesling is a speciality from the Oesling region in the north of Luxembourg.

In Luxembourg, hydrocodone is available by prescription under name Biocodone.

The INGKA Group ( not to be confused with INGKA Holding B. V .) is the biggest franchisee of Inter IKEA Systems B. V. Inter IKEA Systems B. V. is not owned by INGKA Holding B. V., but by Inter IKEA Holding S. A. registered in Luxembourg, which in turn is controlled by the Interogo Foundation in Liechtenstein.

Inter IKEA Systems is owned by Inter IKEA Holding, a company registered in Luxembourg.

The company responsible for this liquidation traces back to the Interogo Foundation in Liechtenstein Ingvar Kamprad has confirmed that this foundation owns Inter IKEA Holding S. A. in Luxembourg and is controlled by the Kamprad family.

* 1346 – Charles IV of Luxembourg is elected emperor of the Holy Roman Empire.

The history of Luxembourg is inherently entwined with the histories of surrounding countries, peoples, and ruling dynasties.

Although recorded Luxembourgian history dates back to Roman times, the history of Luxembourg proper is considered to begin in 963.

In the territory now covered by the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, there is evidence of primitive inhabitants right back to the Paleolithic or old stone age over 35, 000 years ago.

Despite its small proportions, Luxembourg often played an intermediary role between larger countries.

Luxembourg ’ s small size no longer seemed to be a challenge to the existence of the country, and the creation of the Banque Centrale du Luxembourg ( 1998 ) and of the University of Luxembourg ( 2003 ) was evidence of the continuing desire to become a “ real ” nation.

Despite its small size, Luxembourg has a varied topography, with two main features to its landscape.

Luxembourg has participated in the Eurocorps since 1994, has contributed troops to the UNPROFOR and IFOR missions in former Yugoslavia, and participates with a small contingent in the current NATO SFOR mission in Bosnia and Herzegovina.

Due to Luxembourg's small size, the Israeli embassy is located in Brussels and Luxembourg is represented politically by the Dutch embassy and economically by the Belgian embassy.

In some cases, such a see is the only one in a country, such as Luxembourg or Monaco, too small to be divided into several dioceses so as to form an ecclesiastical province.

The Seventeen Provinces were a personal union of states in the Low Countries in the 15th century and 16th century, roughly covering the current Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg, a good part of the North of France ( Artois, French Flanders ), and a small part of Western Germany.

Due to Luxembourg's small size, the Israeli embassy is located in Brussels and Luxembourg is represented politically by the Dutch embassy and economically by the Belgian embassy.

Seized by labor pains, the young woman hurriedly shut herself up in a small room of her palace at the Luxembourg.

The Ardennes includes the greatest part of the province of Luxembourg ( number 4 ), the south of the province of Namur ( number 5 ) and the province of Liège ( number 3 ), and a very small part of Hainaut ( number 2 ) and the main part of the French Département called Ardennes.

* Bure, Belgium, a small village in the Belgian province of Luxembourg, known for the Chantoir ( sinkhole ) de Bure.

Also at the end of the First World War, the French Government had forced the abdication of Marie-Adélaïde, Grand Duchess of Luxembourg, another small neighbouring country to France, on the grounds of personal links with Germany deemed to be inadmissible.

Schengen () is a small wine-making village and commune in far south-eastern Luxembourg, near the tripoint where the borders of Germany, France, and Luxembourg meet.

The Luxembourg film industry is quite small, but this is unsurprising given that the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg has a population of only about 400, 000 people.

Marshal Luxembourg had won his greatest victory, thanks in no small measure to Feuquières ' exploit ; but had the assaults on Neerwinden been made as Napoleon would have done, with one-half or two-thirds of his forces instead of one-third, the victory would have been decisive and Feuquières would have won his laurels not for forcing the decision at the cost of using up his cavalry, but for annihilating the remnants of the Allied army in the pursuit.

* Colpach-Bas, a small town in the commune of Ell, in western Luxembourg

* Gander ( Moselle ), a small river in Luxembourg and France

The small television market in Luxembourg led to a unique system in Europe: Luxembourg remains the only country in the world to run television stations in both the PAL and SECAM formats.

* Luxembourg ( European country )

Nevertheless, Luxembourg remained an underdeveloped agrarian country for most of the century.

The capital, Luxembourg City, is located in the southern part of the country.

The River Moselle forms a 42 km natural border between Luxembourg and Germany in the south-east of the country.

Luxembourg has no navy, as the country is landlocked, or air force, although it does have aircraft.

The UNCCD has 194 country Parties: Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Andorra, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, The Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bhutan, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, Brunei Darussalam, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Burma, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, the People's Republic of China, Colombia, Comoros, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Congo, Cook Islands, Costa Rica, Côte d ' Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Estonia, Ethiopia, European Union, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, The Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, the Republic of Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kiribati, South Korea, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Macedonia, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Malta, Marshall Islands, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Federated States of Micronesia, Moldova, Monaco, Mongolia, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nauru, Nepal, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Niue, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Palau, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania, Russian Federation, Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa, San Marino, São Tomé and Príncipe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Serbia, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Thailand, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Timor-Leste, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Tuvalu, Uganda, Ukraine, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom, United States, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam, Yemen, Zambia, Zimbabwe

In French ( and France ( Wand )), it is le Pays wallon: The Walloon country included the greatest part of to-day's Belgium, the Province of Flandre orientale, the Province of Flandre occidentale both named Flandre wallonne, the Province of Namur, the Hainaut, the Limbourg, the pays de Liège and even the Luxembourg For Félix Rousseau, Walloon country is, after le Roman pays the old name of the country of the Walloons and the nickname Romande was commonly used to describe Walloons until the late 19th century.

In 1373 Otto, the last Wittelsbach regent of Brandenburg, released the country to the House of Luxembourg.

Until 1581 the history of Belgium ( except the Bishopric of Liège ), the grand duchy of Luxembourg and the country the Netherlands is the same: they formed the country / region of the Netherlands or the Low Countries.

Nations making their first appearance at the Winter Olympic Games were Argentina ( first participation of a delegation coming from a country belonging to the Southern Hemisphere ), Estonia, Germany, Japan, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Mexico, the Netherlands, and Romania.

No independent duchy exists today, except for Luxembourg, which is an independent country formally called a grand duchy.

In 2004 Austria was the fourth richest country within the European Union, having a GDP ( PPP ) per capita of approximately € 27, 666, with Luxembourg, Ireland, and Netherlands leading the list.

The only country to have their entire teams score perfectly on the IMO were the United States, which won IMO 1994 when it accomplished this, coached by Paul Zeitz, and Luxembourg, whose 1-member team got a perfect score in IMO 1981.

* Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, a sovereign country in western Europe

** Luxembourg District, the south-western part of the country

** Luxembourg ( city ), the capital city of the country

While the constitution of Luxembourg formerly required the Grand Duke's signature on a new law for it to take effect, this right was stripped from him in 2008 after the monarch informed his prime minister that he could not in good conscience sign a bill to permit euthanasia in the country.