Of particular note is the endemic type of humid subtropical laurel forest of macaronesian laurisilva, found on several of the Macaronesian islands of the North Atlantic and Macaronesian African mainland enclaves, namely Madeira Islands, the Azores, Cape Verde Islands and the Canary Islands, a relict of the Pliocene subtropical forests, supporting numerous endemic species.

It is traditionally served with Madeira Sauce.

The Madeira River is a major waterway in South America, approximately 3, 250 km ( 2, 020 ) miles long The Madeira is the biggest tributary of the Amazon.

" The River of Cuyari, called by the Portuguese Madeira or the Wood River, is formed by two great rivers, which join near its mouth.

At its head, the Madeira on its own is still one of the largest rivers of the world, with a mean inter-annual discharge of, i. e. / yr, approximately half the discharge of the Congo River.

The mean inter-annual contribution of the Bolivian Andes is, i. e. yr, representing 25 % of the discharge of the entire upper Madeira basin.

At its mouth is Ilha Tupinambaranas, an extensive marshy region formed by the Madeira ’ s distributaries.

The Madeira river rises more than 15 m ( 50 ft ) during the rainy season, and ocean vessels may ascend it to the Falls of San Antonio, near Porto Velho, Brazil, above its mouth ; but in the dry months, from June to November, it is only navigable for the same distance for craft drawing about 2 m ( from 5 to 6 feet ) of water.

A subspecies of Boto ( Amazon River Dolphin ) is known to inhabit the Madeira river system.

It is navigable for a period of about five months of the year, when the Purus valley is inundated ; and, for the remaining seven months, only canoes can ascend it sufficiently high to communicate overland with the settlements in the great India-rubber districts of the Mayutata and lower Beni ; thus these regions are forced to seek a canoe outlet for their rich products by the very dangerous, costly and laborious route of the falls of the Madeira River.

The late 1990s saw a trend towards " wood finishes " in which fully matured whisky is moved from one barrel into another one that had previously aged a different type of alcohol ( e. g., port, Madeira, rum, wine, etc.

Carnival in Portugal is celebrated throughout the country, most famously in Ovar, Sesimbra, Madeira, Loulé, Nazaré, and Torres Vedras.

While the city's natives sometimes drink " vintage " Marsala, the wine produced for export is universally a fortified wine similar to Port, Madeira and Sherry.

Madeira is a fortified Portuguese wine made in the Madeira Islands.

Madeira is produced in a variety of styles ranging from dry wines which can be consumed on their own as an aperitif, to sweet wines more usually consumed with dessert.

Today, Madeira is noted for its unique winemaking process which involves heating the wine up to temperatures as high as 60 ° C ( 140 ° F ) for an extended period of time and deliberately exposing the wine to some levels of oxidation.

Because of this unique process, Madeira is a very robust wine that can be quite long lived even after being opened.

Barrels of Madeira in the sun: the unique estufagem process in Canteiro helped protect the wine for long sea voyages through tropical climates. What makes Madeira wine production unique is the estufagem aging process, meant to duplicate the effect of a long sea voyage on the aging barrels through tropical climates.

Many different styles of fortified wine have been developed, including Port, Sherry, Madeira, Marsala, Commandaria wine and the aromatized wine Vermouth.

This led to the English becoming a main consumer of sweet fortified wines like sherry from Spain, and Port wine and Madeira wine from Portugal.

Boal is a name given to several varieties of grape cultivated in Portugal, notably in the production of medium-rich fortified wines from Madeira Island.

It has given name to the dryest of the four classic varieties of Madeira fortified wine.

One of the Portuguese, who styled himself " Madeira " after the famous fortified wine, was also a former champion boxer.

By then they had probably developed a taste for Madeira wine, and on 29 September near Cape Charles all they took from the Betty of Virginia was her cargo of Madeira, before they scuttled her with the remaining cargo.

Madeira wine.

For example, the OED cites an 1897 edition of Whitaker's Almanack, which specified the number of gallons of wine in a hogshead varying by type of wine: claret ( presumably ), port, sherry ; and Madeira.

Sometimes other varieties such as port, Cognac, Madeira, calvados, beer, and Bordeaux wine are used.

Other liquors are frequently substituted for the traditional Marsala wine in both the coffee and the cheese mixture, including dark rum, Madeira, port, brandy and cognac.

Meanwhile colonization progressed in the Azores and Madeira, where sugar and wine were now produced ; above all, the gold brought home from Guinea stimulated the commercial energy of the Portuguese.

Madeira wine

This was discovered by the wine producers of Madeira found out when an unsold shipment of wine returned to the islands after a round trip.

The roots of Madeira's wine industry date back to the Age of Exploration, when Madeira was a regular port of call for ships travelling to the New World and East Indies.

Besides coastal exploration, Portuguese also made trips off in the ocean to gather meteorological and oceanographic information ( in these were discovered the archipelagos of Madeira and the Azores, and Sargasso Sea ).

The customer was found to prefer the taste of this style of wine, and Madeira labeled as vinho da roda ( wines that have made a round trip ) became very popular.

In the past, the names Malvasia, Malvazia, and Malmsey have been used interchangeably for Malvasia-based wines ; however, in modern oenology, " Malmsey " is now used almost exclusively for a sweet variety of Madeira wine made from the Malvasia grape.

A Malmsey Madeira made from the white Malvasia Candida grape.

Further confusion resulted from the fact that, in the recent past, the term " Malmsey " referred to any very sweet Madeira wine, regardless of the grape variety from which it was made.

In Portugal, it is called fatias douradas, rabanadas or fatias de parida, and is typically made during Christmas, from slices of bread leftovers ( when it is too hard to be eaten normally ) soaked in milk or water to soften it, dipped in beaten eggs, fried in the least amount of vegetable oil possible ( to prevent it from soaking up and becoming too greasy ) and then sprinkled with sugar and cinnamon, soaked in a syrup made with water, sugar, cinnamon sticks and lemon skin or in Port or Madeira wine.

After calling at Madeira and the West Indies, the fleet made landfall off the coast of Darien on 2 November.

They made brief landfalls at Bugio Island ( Desertas Islands ) and Madeira, but Brown was disappointed to collect almost nothing of note from either site.

If in the Atlantic ships made a wide swing ( the " volta ") to the west to pick up winds that would bring them back from Madeira, then, he reasoned, by sailing far to the north before heading east he would pick up westerlies to bring him back to the west coast of North America.

Ogilvie-Grant made many collecting trips, especially to Socotra and the Madeira and Canary islands.

Columbus had supposedly gained charts and descriptions from a Spanish navigator, who had " sojourned ... and died also " at Columbus's home in Madeira, after having made landfall on Antillia.

José Rodrigues Barrinhas, an old-fashioned attacking centre-half, made a name for himself in these games and in matches against rivals CS Madeira.

Plain Swifts breed in colonies on cliffs, bridges and buildings on the Canary Islands and Madeira, laying two eggs in a saucer-shaped nest made of floerheads glued with saliva.

In October 1875 he embarked for Funchal on the island of Madeira, where he made a partial recovery and launched himself into a new career with undiminished energy.

It is not to be confused with the traditional cake of Madeira island called Bolo de Mel, a cake made from sugarcane honey ( molasses ).

A general contribution the Portuguese people have made to American music is the ukulele, which originated in Madeira and was initially popularized in the Kingdom of Hawaii.

A popular drink, Poncha da Madeira, is a traditional liquer drink made from lemon or orange brandy, and common in many of these restaurants.

After releasing the album, Palma made a major Tournee, Azores and Madeira.

Following a rabbit outbreak that made it difficult to grow crops, they moved to the nearby island of Madeira.

In August 1819 he was made a Knight Companion of the Order of the Bath, and appointed commander-in-chief of the East Indies Station, nearly suffering a shipwreck in Leander on his way there off the coast of Madeira.