In purchasing Louisiana, Jefferson had to adopt Hamilton's broad construction of the Constitution, and so did Madison in advocating the rechartering of Hamilton's bank, which he had so strenuously opposed at its inception, and in adopting a Hamiltonian protective tariff.

When, in 1832, the South Carolina nullifiers adopted the principle of state interposition which Madison had advanced in his old Virginia Resolve, they elicited no encouragement from that senior statesman.

While a Senator, Kennedy had unsuccessfully pushed a bill to preserve the Belasco Theater, as well as the Dolley Madison and the Benjamin Taylor houses, all scheduled for razing.

" Chernow argues that neither Jefferson nor Madison sensed that they had sponsored measures as inimical as the Alien and Sedition Acts themselves.

Unlike many children, Simon was exposed to the idea that human behavior could be studied scientifically at a relatively young age due to the influence of his mother ’ s younger brother, Harold Merkel, who had studied economics at the University of Wisconsin – Madison under John R. Commons.

President James Madison appointed Adams as the first ever United States Minister to Russia in 1809 ( though Francis Dana and William Short had previously been nominated to the post, neither presented his credentials at Saint Petersburg ).

After the constitution had been drafted, Madison became one of the leaders in the movement to ratify it.

Madison found the war to be an administrative nightmare, as the United States had neither a strong army nor financial system ; as a result, he afterward supported a stronger national government and a strong military, as well as the national bank, which he had long opposed.

James Madison, Jr. was born at Belle Grove Plantation near Port Conway, Virginia on March 16, 1751, ( March 5, 1751, Old Style, Julian calendar ), where his mother had returned to her parents ' home to give birth.

His father, James Madison, Sr. ( 1723 – 1801 ), was a tobacco planter who grew up on a plantation, then called Mount Pleasant, in Orange County, Virginia, which he had inherited upon reaching adulthood.

" Indeed, Madison and Freneau would have become brothers-in-law had Freneau's favorite sister, Mary, accepted Madison's repeated proposals of marriage.

But although Mary greatly admired and respected Madison, she had determined to stay single — the only way a woman of her intelligence and accomplishments could hope to pursue her interests and remain independent in that era.

This " excessive democracy ," Madison grew to believe, was the cause of a larger social decay which he and others ( such as Washington ) believed had resumed after the revolution and was nearing a tipping point.

The historian Gordon S. Wood has noted that many leaders such as Madison and Washington, feared more that the revolution had not fixed the social problems that had triggered it, and the excesses ascribed to the King were being seen in the state legislatures.

As Madison wrote, " a crisis had arrived which was to decide whether the American experiment was to be a blessing to the world, or to blast for ever the hopes which the republican cause had inspired.

In the Virginia ratifying convention, Madison, who was a terrible public speaker, had to go up against Henry, who was the finest orator in the country.

Madison pointed out that a limited government would be created, and that the powers delegated ‘ to the federal government are few and defined .” Madison persuaded prominent figures such as George Mason and Edmund Randolph, who had refused to endorse the constitution at the convention, to change their position and support it at the ratifying convention.

Madison had been a delegate to the Confederation Congress, and wanted to be elected senator in the new government.

Later as president, Madison was told by some of his former constituents that, had it not been for unusually bad weather on election day, Monroe likely would have won.

Madison objected to a specific bill of rights for several reasons: he thought it was unnecessary, since it purported to protect against powers that the federal government had not been granted ; that it was dangerous, since enumeration of some rights might be taken to imply the absence of other rights ; and that at the state level, bills of rights had proven to be useless paper barriers against government powers.

They settled in Madison, where William taught music lessons and served as the secretary to the newly formed Unitarian society.

As a young man during the American Revolutionary War, Madison served in the Virginia state legislature ( 1776 – 79 ), where he became known as a protégé of the delegate Thomas Jefferson.

He served on the college's Board of Visitors under Jefferson and under the second rector James Madison, also a former president, almost until his death.

Sitting Vice President George Clinton, who had served under Thomas Jefferson, was also a candidate for President, garnering six electoral votes from a wing of the Democratic-Republican Party that disapproved of James Madison.

London and Madison County are served by a daily newspaper, The Madison Press.

One respected history of ice cream states that, as the wife of U. S. President James Madison, she served ice cream at her husband's Inaugural Ball in 1813.

During the Civil War, Madison served as a center of the Union Army in Wisconsin.

It was named for James Madison, fourth President of the United States of America, who served from 1809 to 1817.

Madison County is served by two school districts:

Andrew Jackson Sevier, Jr., served as sheriff of Madison Parish from 1904 until his death in 1942, when he was briefly succeeded by his wife.

Their first son Frederick Madison Roberts ( 1879 – 1952 )-Sally Hemings ' and Jefferson's great-grandson-was the first person of known African-American ancestry elected to public office on the West Coast: he served in the California State Assembly from 1919 to 1934.

Sinnissippi Council served Scouts in south-central Wisconsin and north-central Illinois before it merged with the Madison area Four Lakes Council.

* Central New York Council served Cortland, Onondaga, Oswego and portions of Madison County

* Foothills Council served Herkimer and Oneida Counties, most of Madison County and parts of Otsego, Lewis, and Hamilton counties

The Madison Record and the Madison County Record have served as the hometown newspapers for the city since 1967.

Madison is served by Interstate 565 and US 72 ( University Drive ).

He served as the first president of the Madison County, Indiana chapter.

George Washington Sevier, Sr. ( 1858 – 1925 ), the father of Andrew L. Sevier, was a member of the Madison Parish Police Jury and served as the parish tax assessor from 1891 to 1916.

Andrew Jackson Sevier, Jr. ( 1922 – 1995 ), served as sheriff of Madison Parish.

The city of Canton and Madison County are served by Canton Academy.

The Town of Flora is served by the Madison County School District.

The City of Madison is served by the Madison County School District.