Consequently, the influence of religious leaders as well as that of Mahmud Tarzi, a cousin of the king, increased during his reign.

Mahmud Tarzi, a highly educated, well-traveled poet and journalist, founded an Afghan nationalist newspaper with Habibullah's agreement, and until 1919 he used the newspaper as a platform for rebutting clerical criticism of Western-influenced changes in government and society, for espousing full Afghan independence, and for other reforms.

This came through the influence of Mahmud Tarzi, who was both Amanullah Khan's father-in-law and Foreign Minister.

Mahmud Tarzi, a highly educated, well-traveled poet, journalist, and diplomat, was a key figure that brought Western dress and etiquette to Afghanistan.

A key force behind these reforms was Mahmud Tarzi, Amanullah Khan's Foreign Minister and father-in-law — and an ardent supporter of the education of women.

In 1896, the long stretch from the Kabul River to China, including the Wakhan Corridor, was declared demarcated by virtue of its continuous, distinct watershed ridgeline, leaving only the section near the Khyber Pass which was finally demarcated in the treaty of 22 November 1921 signed by Mahmud Tarzi, " Chief of the Afghan Government for the conclusion of the treaty " and " Henry R. C. Dobbs, Envoy Extraordinary and Chief of the British Mission to Kabul.

An Afghan nationalist, Mahmud Beg Tarzi, publishes the periodical Seraj ol-Akbar (" Torch of the News ").

– Mahmud Tarzi

He also advanced a modernist constitution that incorporated equal rights and individual freedoms with the guidance of his father-in-law and Foreign Minister Mahmud Tarzi.

* Mahmud Tarzi, Afghan journalist

There are different cultural groups operating in Lashkar Gah, including: the Helmand Youth Organization, the Bost Cultural Society, the Allama Mahmud Tarzi Educational and Cultural Association, and the Helmand Cultural Group.

When the First World War broke out in 1914, the Young Afghan political movement, headed by journalist Mahmud Tarzi and Habibullah's son Amanullah, advocated that Afghanistan enter the war on the German-Turkish side, in direct opposition to Britain.

Nasrullah was involved in introducing the expedition to journalist Mahmud Tarzi, whose papers began taking an increasingly anti-British stance.

In the following year however, Shah Mahmud, with the support of his father-in-law Shaikh Uvais of the Jalayirids, invaded Fars and captured Shiraz.

* Afghanistan: Afghan President Hamid Karzai's spokesman comments that the issue of Taliban crossing into Afghanistan from Pakistan will be discussed during Pakistan Foreign Minister Khurshid Mahmud Kasuri's visit to Kabul.

Other prominent leaders to join this parallel set-up amongst others are ( former Foreign Ministers ) Khurshid Mahmud Kasuri ( appointed as Chairman Steering Committee ) and Gohar Ayub Khan.

A large number of world leaders attended the funeral, including Malaysian Yang Di Pertuan Agong, Iskandar of Johor, Sultan Ahmad Shah of Pahang, the Yang Di Pertuan Besar of Negeri Sembilan, Tuanku Jaafar, Sultan Mahmud Al-Muktafi Billah Shah of Terengganu, Tuanku Syed Putra of Perlis, Sultan Abdul Halim of Kedah, Sultan Salahuddin of Selangor, Sultan Azlan Shah of Perak, U. S. President George H. W. Bush, President of the Philippines Corazon Aquino, Queen Elizabeth II and the Duke of Edinburgh, President Suharto of Indonesia, President Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq of Pakistan, Hussain Muhammad Ershad of Bangladesh, Secretary of British Foreign Affairs and the Commonwealth, Sir Geoffrey Howe, and many others.

According to the Washington Post, " on the morning of Sept. 11, Goss and Graham were having breakfast with a Pakistani general named Mahmud Ahmed -- the soon-to-be-sacked head of Pakistan's intelligence service " On September 12 and 13, Lt. Gen. Mahmood met with United States Deputy Secretary of State Richard Armitage, Senator Joseph Biden, the Chairman of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee, and Secretary of State Colin Powell.

In 1946, another of Zahir Shah's uncles, Sardar Shah Mahmud Khan, became Prime Minister and began an experiment allowing greater political freedom, but reversed the policy when it went further than he expected.

* December 28 – A Muslim Brotherhood member assassinates Egyptian Prime Minister Mahmud Fahmi Nokrashi

** Chief Minister: Yang Amat Berhomat Pehin Sri Abdul Taib Mahmud

The Minister of Public Works, Mahmud Celaleddin Pașa, supervised the repair of the damaged Bazaar until 1898, and on this occasion the complex was reduced in area.

The party was founded in the wake of the de-registration of the Sarawak National Party in November 2002 by a faction aligned to the Chief Minister of Sarawak, Pehin Sri Abdul Taib Mahmud, led by Dato Sri William Mawan Ikom.

He met not only Ayatollah Khomeini but also Reza Radmanesh, the General Secretary of the Tudeh party, and Mahmud Panahian, the " War Minister " of autonomy-seeking state Azerbaijan People's Government, that had emerged briefly after the Soviet forces withdrew from Iran, following World War II.

The Chief Minister of Sarawak, Abdul Taib Mahmud, an avid fan of P. Ramlee, presented the award to his adopted daughter, Dian P. Ramlee, in a ceremony honoring veteran artists in Kuching.

After the assassination of the Prime Minister Mahmud Sevket Pasa in July 1913, Talaat Pasha again became Minister of Interior Affairs.

The next month the Egyptian Prime Minister, Mahmud Fahmi Nokrashi, ordered the dissolution of the Brotherhood.

Sardar Shah Mahmud Khan (-b: 1890 d: 1959 ) was the Prime Minister of Afghanistan from May 1946 to 7 September 1953.

He is also an uncle of Pehin Sri Abdul Taib Mahmud, the current Chief Minister of Sarawak.

CTRM is owned by the Malaysian government and was incorporated in November 1990 by Minister of Finance Malaysia Inc. CTRM's CEO is Retired Col. Rosdi Mahmud.

The unrest was suppressed by Muhammad Ali in person, and the Syrians were terrorized, but their discontent encouraged the Sultan Mahmud to hope for revenge, and a renewal of the conflict was only staved off by the anxious efforts of the European powers.

Pakistani analyst Ershad Mahmud of the Institute of Policy Studies called Blackwill " Delhi's front man rather than U. S. ambassador to India " and said that Blackwill " even encouraged India to take hostile stance against Pakistan.

The districts of Kohistan, Mahmud Raqi, and Kohband districts, all of which are Jamiat-i Islami and almost all Tajik, have become targeted zones of interest for the insurgency.

There are various stories in medieval texts describing the lack of interest shown by Mahmud in Ferdowsi and his life's work.

Shortly before being appointed governor of Sulaymaniya, Shaykh Mahmud Bazanji ordered the arrest of all British political and military officials in the region.

Bayrakdar modernized the army and navy and attempted to reform the Janissaries, but Mahmud, fearing a political backlash of the elite corps, halted such change.

A census was taken in the Ottoman Empire 1831-38 by Sultan Mahmud II ( 1808 – 1839 ) as a part of the reform movement Tanzimat.

In 1808 he was replaced by Mahmud II with martial law of Alemdar Mustafa Pasha who restarted the reform efforts.

Mahmud II before his clothing reform in 1826

Mahmud II after his clothing reform in 1826

About the same time that Mahmud II ordained these changes, he personally set an example of reform by regularly attending the Divan, or state council, instead of secluding himself from the labors of state.

About the same time that Mahmud II ordained these changes, he personally set an example of reform by regularly attending the Divan, or state council, instead of secluding himself from the labors of state.

One of Mahmud II's most notable achievements was the abolition of the Janissary corps in 1826, the establishment of a modern Ottoman Army, and the preparation of the Tanzimat reforms in 1839, which marked the beginning of the modernization of Turkey, and had immediate effects, such as introducing European-style clothing, architecture, legislation, institutional organization and land reform.

Mehmed Emin Rauf Pasha ( 1780-1859 ) was Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire twice under Mahmud II " Adlî "( r. 1808-1839 ) and three times under Abd-ul-Mejid I ( Abdülmecit ) ( r. 1839-1861 ) during the Tanzimat period of reform.