It is for this reason that President Makarios, in his speech to the UN Security Council on 19 July 1974, described the coup which replaced him as "... an Invasion of Cyprus by Greece ..." and called for the restoration of the democratic government.

Dissatisfaction in Greece with Makarios convinced the Greek colonels to sponsor the 1974 coup in Nicosia.

After the 1974 invasion following a Greek junta-based coup attempt, Makarios secured international recognition of his Greek Cypriot government as the sole legal authority on Cyprus, which has proved to be a very significant strategic advantage for the Greek Cypriots in the decades since.

In 1974 the US-backed Greek junta-in power since 1967-partly in a move to draw attention away from internal turmoil and partly unsatisfied with Makarios ' policy in Cyprus, on 13 July attempted a coup to replace him with Nikos Sampson and declare union with Greece.

* 1974 – In Nicosia, Cyprus, Greek Junta-sponsored nationalists launch a coup d ' état, deposing President Makarios and installing Nikos Sampson as Cypriot president.

On 20 July 1974, the TAF launched an invasion of Cyprus on the pretext of a coup which had been staged by the Cypriot National Guard against president Makarios III with the intention of annexing the island to Greece, but the invasion ended up with Turkey occupying a considerable area on the north part of it and establishing a government on it that only Turkey recognizes.

The coup ousted president Makarios III and replaced him with pro-enosis nationalist Nikos Sampson.

In the second half of June 1974 Makarios decided to take the initiative and challenge directly the Ioannides regime believing that he would humiliate it and eliminate their control of Cyprus through the Greek military officers in the Cypriot National Guard, thus making it impossible for them to stage a coup against him. In a second letter on July 2, 1974 he demanded the withdrawal of all Greek officers in the island by July 20, 1974.

On July 15, 1974 Ioannides took by surprise Makarios and organised a coup d ' etat in Nicosia at 8. 15 in the morning when Makarios ' forces were off guard.

Speaking to the UN Security Council on July 19, 1974, Makarios denounced the coup as an " invasion ", engineered by the Greek military junta, which " violated the internal peace of Cyprus ".

The party supported president Makarios III and a lot of its members were part of the armed resistance to the 15 July 1974 coup against him.

On July 15, 1974, a band of Greek Cypriot nationalists formed EOKA B, advocating Enosis ( Union ) with Greece, and backed by the Greek military junta in Athens, staged a coup against the Cypriot President and Archbishop Makarios.

War was averted when Sampson's coup collapsed a few days later and Makarios returned to power ; and the Greek military junta in Athens, which failed to confront the Turkish invasion, also fell from power on 24 July ; but the damage to Turkish-Greek relations was done, and the occupation of Northern Cyprus by Turkish troops would be a sticking point in Greco-Turkish relations for decades to come.

Following the 15 July 1974 coup d ' état in which EOKA B, a Greek Cypriot pro-enosis paramilitary organisation, overthrew the democratically elected Makarios and installed Nikos Sampson as a President with dictatorial powers, Turkey invaded Cyprus.

He exercised these duties until the 7 December 1974, the day of the return of Archbishop Makarios, President of the Republic, who was forced to flee on 16 July 1974 on account of the coup.

In 1970, juntist Greek officers of the National Guard in Cyprus planned a coup against Makarios ( Operation Hermes ).

The military coup of July 15 1974 which overthrew Makarios was executed by forces of the Cypriot National Guard under direct instructions from Greece.

The coup ousted president Makarios III and replaced him with pro-enosis nationalist Nikos Sampson.

The coup, ordered by the military Junta in Greece and staged by the Cypriot National Guard in conjunction with EOKA-B, deposed the Cypriot president Archbishop Makarios III and installed Nikos Sampson in his place.

The invasion began in the early hours of 20 July 1974 in response to a Greek-inspired coup d ' état that sought to overthrow the government of President Makarios.

In July 1974, as Kissinger's chief deputy, Undersecretary of state for political affairs, he was dispatched to seek a solution to the Cyprus crisis that erupted after a Greek-inspired coup deposing the country's president, Archbishop Makarios, triggered a Turkish invasion five days later.

Sponsored by Ioannidis, on 15 July 1974 the EOKA-B organisation took power on the island of Cyprus by a military coup, in which Archbishop Makarios III, the Cypriot president, was overthrown.

The square which is currently under renovation, connects the old city with the new city where one can find the main shopping streets such as the prestigious Stasikratous Street, Themistokli Dervi Avenue and Makarios Avenue.

The programme also attracted complaints from the Boy Scout Association, who were upset by an item questioning the sexuality of its founder Lord Baden-Powell, and the government of Cyprus, which claimed that a joke about Archbishop Makarios, the country's ruler, was a " gross violation of internationally accepted ethics ".

Among other matters in which he was involved were the dispute between India and Pakistan over Kashmir, assisted emigration from Britain to Australia, and relations with Archbishop Makarios of Cyprus.

Makarios then presided over synod which lead to the introduction of some Latin practices.

Presidential elections were held on 13 December 1959, in which Makarios defeated his rival, lawyer John Klerides, father of future president and Makarios ally Glafkos Klerides, receiving two-thirds of the vote.

By now, Makarios had accepted that enosis was not to be, and that the only outcome which could secure harmony in Cyprus was robust independence.

In November 1963, Makarios proposed thirteen amendments to the Constitution, which would free many public offices from the ethnic restrictions agreed in London and Zurich.

Sometime in the late summer or early autumn, Grivas ( who had attacked Makarios as a traitor in an Athens newspaper ) returned secretly to the island and began to rebuild his guerrilla organisation, which became known as the National Organization of Cypriot Fighters ( Ethniki Organosis Kyprion Agoniston B, aka EOKA B ).

On 30 December 1964, Makarios declared his proposal of Constitutional amendment which included 13 articles.

Basil the Great and the Philokalia, which was compiled by St. Nikodemos of the Holy Mountain and St. Makarios of Corinth.

In 1952 he was appointed Secretary of Archbishop Makarios in London and in 1954 he assumed responsibility for the Office of the Secretary of the Cyprus Ethnarchy in London, the major objective of which was to inform British public opinion on the Cyprus issue.

British pressure had forced Makarios to distance Georgadjis, a former active EOKA member from the Ministry of Interior which was in charge of internal security, police and intelligence.

They asked him to plan and execute the assassination of Makarios which was intended to spark off unrest, so that the National Guard could then intervene and " restore order ".

After the discovery of his plans by the authorities he secretly returned to Cyprus where he formed the armed organization EOKA B which he used as leverage in his attempts to persuade or force President Makarios to change his policy and adopt the line of " Self Determination – Union " with Greece.

EOKA B failed to overthrow Makarios but the armed struggle led to a vicious circle of violence and anti-violence which amounted to civil war among the Greek-Cypriot Community from 1971-1974.

In 1958 the British Prime Minister Harold Macmillan prepared new proposals for Cyprus but his plan, which was a form of partition, was rejected by Archbishop Makarios.

Makarios fled Cyprus when the coupist forces took control of the whole of Cyprus and was replaced by Nikos Sampson, a Cypriot newspaper editor and politician.

To commemorate his life, an imposing bronze statue of Makarios was erected outside the Archbishop's palace in Nicosia ; in 2008 the statue was moved to Kykkos monastery and replaced by a life-size marble statue of Makarios.

Some Cypriots opposed Makarios ' conciliatory stance ( and there was an unsuccessful attempt to assassinate him in 1970 ).

Relations between Nicosia and Athens were so bad that the colonels of the Greek junta, recognizing that they had Makarios in a perilous position, issued an ultimatum for him to reform his government and rid it of ministers who had been critical of the junta.

Mass demonstrations proved that Makarios had the people behind him.

Another element working against Makarios was the fact that most officers of the Cypriot National Guard were Greek regulars who supported the junta, and they embraced its desire to remove him from office and achieve some degree of enosis.

Belonging to Makarios ' cabinet made him a prime target and he was rounded up in Famagusta where he was imprisoned.

Opponents of him in those elections were the Bishop of Kition Meletios, the Bishop of Kykkos Kleopas and archimandrite Makarios Myriantheas, later known as Makarios II who became Archbishop of Cyprus years later.

Makarios III wrote Karayiannis accepting his resignation and thanking him for his services.