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Many lichens reproduce asexually, either by vegetative reproduction or through the dispersal of diaspores containing algal and fungal cells.
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Many and lichens
Many Ascomycota engage in symbiotic relationships such as in lichens — symbiotic associations with green algae or cyanobacteria — in which the fungal symbiont directly obtains products of photosynthesis.
Many lichens break up into fragments when they dry, dispersing themselves by wind action, to resume growth when moisture returns.
Many lichens also grow as epiphytes ( epi-on the surface, phyte-plant ) on plants, particularly on the trunks and branches of trees.
Many lichens produce secondary compounds, including pigments that reduce harmful amounts of sunlight and powerful toxins that reduce herbivory or kill bacteria.
Many of the light-bodied lichens died from sulphur dioxide emissions, and the trees became covered with soot.
Many mosses and lichens are epiphytes, as are approximately 10 per cent of all seed plants and ferns.
Many lichens produce specialised structures that can easily break away and disperse.
Many unique mosses and lichens are also present in the rainforest, such as lettuce lichen ( Lobaria oregana ), which " requires the cool, moist conditions found under the canopy of old-growth forests " and is consumed by deer, elk, and other animals.
Many and reproduce
Many plants and fungi reproduce asexually as well.
Many wetland plants are dependent upon low water levels to reproduce.
Many species of chaetotonid gastrotrichs reproduce entirely by parthenogenesis.
Many individuals in the first generation of inbreeding will never live to reproduce.
Many synthpop musicians had limited musical skills, relying on the technology to produce or reproduce the music.
Many lichen fungi appear to reproduce sexually in a manner typical of fungi, producing spores that are presumably the result of sexual fusion and meiosis.
Many tweeters are designed to reproduce frequencies as high as the upper limit of the human hearing range ( typically listed as 20 kHz ) or Compact Disc ( 22 kHz ) playback.
Many are quite specialised and can only thrive and reproduce where the ground has been broken by plough or spade.
Many textbooks reproduce the classic Penfield-Rasmussen diagram, which is now outdated.
Many have attempted to reproduce the figure from Origen's description, but in truth Origen has not given us particulars enough to enable us to make a restoration with confidence, or even to enable us to understand what was intended to be represented.
Many members of the genus Pilosella reproduce both by stolons ( runners like those of strawberries ) and by seeds, whereas true Hieracium species reproduce only by seeds.
Many individual trees are extremely old, and at one time it was believed that some populations could not reproduce in present-day conditions at the location where they were growing, except by suckering ( clonal reproduction ), being remnant forest from a cooler time.
Many protists reproduce sexually, as do the multicellular plants, animals, and fungi.
Many turbellarians clone themselves by tranverse or longitudinal division, and others, especially acoels, reproduce by budding.
Many of Caragiale's writings reproduce discussions between clerks on their time off, which usually take the shape of generic and awkward forays into culture or politics.
Many clinicians believe that andropause is not a valid concept, because men can continue to reproduce into old age.
Many soil organisms, for example bacteria, can remain dormant through difficult times and reproduce quickly once conditions improve, making them resilient to disturbance.
Many aquatic species will fail to reproduce at elevated temperatures.
Many attempts have been made to reproduce human stereo vision on rapidly changing computer displays, and toward this end numerous patents relating to 3D television and cinema have been filed in the USPTO.
Many plant species in naturally fire-affected environments require fire to germinate, to establish, or to reproduce, or all three.
Many species of annelids and flat worms reproduce by this method.
Many individuals are extremely old, and at one time it was believed that the Eastern Australian populations could not reproduce in present-day conditions, except by suckering ( Asexual reproduction ), being remnant forest from a cooler time.
Many and either
Many are phototrophic, although some groups contain members that are mixotrophic, deriving energy both from photosynthesis and uptake of organic carbon either by osmotrophy, myzotrophy, or phagotrophy.
Many of the recent TV Games series of old Atari games have included either the 2600 or arcade versions of Asteroids.
Many are exclusively published online, while some are published in print but maintain a web archive for either commercial or artistic reasons.
Many older strips are no longer drawn by the original cartoonist, who has either died or retired.
Many of the Scots who immigrated there were either Roman Catholics or Presbyterians, which can be seen in a number of island landmarks and place names.
Many have complex lifecycles with asexual polyp stages and sexual medusae, but some omit either the polyp or the medusa stage.
Many computer languages require garbage collection, either as part of the language specification ( e. g., Java, C #, and most scripting languages ) or effectively for practical implementation ( e. g., formal languages like lambda calculus ); these are said to be garbage collected languages.
Many of his claims were either lies or distorted half-truths.
Many instances of endosymbiosis are obligate ; that is, either the endosymbiont or the host cannot survive without the other, such as the gutless marine worms of the genus Riftia, which get nutrition from their endosymbiotic bacteria.
Many small projects don't satisfy either of these prerequisites, but they too can benefit from EVM, as described for simple implementations, above.
Many Protestant churches are now organized by either congregational or presbyterian church polities, both descended from the writings of John Calvin, a Protestant reformer working and writing independently following the break with the Roman Catholic Church precipitated by The Ninety-Five Theses of Martin Luther.
Many cell types can use either glucose or fatty acids for this purpose.
Many jurisdictions, local as well as national, either ban gambling or heavily control it by licensing.
Many modern military firearms have a selective fire option, which is a mechanical switch that allows the firearm be fired either in the semi-automatic or fully automatic mode.
Many Greeks either fled to other European nations or to geographically isolated areas ( i. e. mountains and heavily forested territories ) in order to escape foreign rule.
Many food items are wrapped in Filo pastry, either in bite-size triangles or in large sheets: kotopita ( chicken ), spanakotyropita ( spinach and cheese ), chortopita ( greens ), kreatopita ( meat pie, using minced meat ), etc.
Many of the prizes awarded on game shows are provided through product placement ; although in some cases, they are provided by private organizations or purchased at either the full price or at a discount by the show.
Many refer to Jesus Christ either directly or indirectly.
Many players include a face on the head, either all at once or one feature at a time.
Many pubs use the name " inn ", either because they are long established and may have been formerly coaching inns, or to summon up a particular kind of image.
Many interpreted languages are first compiled to some form of virtual machine code, which is then either interpreted or compiled at runtime to native code.
Many artists, amateur and professional, perform in situations where a full band / orchestra is either logistically or financially impractical, so they use a " karaoke " recording ; they are, however, the original artists.
Many sonar attempts had been made previously, but most were either inconclusive or negative.
Many regulatory and governmental authorities quote estimates each year for the amount of money laundered, either worldwide or within their national economy.
Many weapons are designed to be launched from both surface or the air, and a few are designed to attack either surface or air targets ( such as the ADATS missile ).
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