In these cases, the position has been filled by a female relative or friend of the president, such as Martha Jefferson Randolph during Jefferson's presidency, Emily Donelson and Sarah Yorke Jackson during Jackson's, Mary Elizabeth ( Taylor ) Bliss during Taylor's, Mary Harrison McKee during Harrison's presidency, upon her mother's death, and Harriet Lane during Buchanan's.

* 1772 – Martha Jefferson Randolph, American daughter of Thomas Jefferson ( d. 1836 )

After Martha Jefferson, his wife of eleven years, died in 1782, Jefferson remained a widower for the rest of his life ; his marriage produced six children, with only two surviving to adulthood.

After practicing as a circuit lawyer for several years, Jefferson married the 23-year-old widow Martha Wayles Skelton on January 1, 1772.

Jefferson played the violin and Martha was an accomplished piano player.

After her father John Wayles died in 1773, Martha and her husband Jefferson inherited his 135 slaves, and the debts of his estate.

Later in life, Martha Jefferson suffered from diabetes and ill health, and frequent childbirth further weakened her.

Jefferson moved into the South Pavilion ( an outbuilding ) in 1770, where his new wife, Martha, joined him in 1772.

In 1831 Monticello was sold by Martha Jefferson and the surviving Jefferson heirs to James Turner Barclay, and in 1834 Barclay in turn sold the house and remaining land to Uriah P. Levy.

* October 19 – Martha Wayles Skelton Jefferson, wife of Thomas Jefferson ( d. 1782 )

At Jefferson's direction, he was buried on the grounds, an area now designated as the Monticello Cemetery, which is owned by the Monticello Association, a lineage society of his descendants through Martha Wayles Skelton Jefferson.

After Jefferson's death, his daughter Martha Jefferson Randolph sold the property.

Jefferson moved into the South Pavilion ( an outbuilding ) in 1770, where his new wife Martha Wayles Skelton joined him in 1772.

After Jefferson died on July 4, 1826, his only surviving daughter Martha Jefferson Randolph inherited Monticello.

As the historian Edmund S. Morgan has noted, " Hemings herself was withheld from auction and freed at last by Jefferson ’ s daughter, Martha Jefferson Randolph, who was, of course, her niece.

They were half-siblings to his daughters ; the first, Martha Wayles ( named after her mother, John Wayles ' first wife ), married the young planter Thomas Jefferson.

After Wayles died in 1773, his daughter Martha and Jefferson inherited the Hemings family as among 135 slaves from his estate, as well as 11, 000 acres of land.

* Calamity Jane Martha Jane Canary ( May 1, 1852 – August 1, 1903 ), better known as Calamity Jane, was an American frontierswoman, and professional scout best known for her claim of being an acquaintance of Wild Bill Hickok.

Martha, Bill's widow, who was with him in these troubling times, denies he had a brain tumor as does his old, very close friend, Hugh McCallum.

In addition to the drinking problems, it had become obvious that he also was having serious mental problems ; Martha Maria said that, " It was like sometimes he was drunk even when he wasn't drinking.

" After he'd been jailed by the Harlingen Police, Martha had the judge put Haley in the hospital where he was seen by a psychiatrist who said Bill's brain was overproducing a chemical, like adrenaline.

Also at the centre of many early stories was Ena Sharples ( Violet Carson ), caretaker of the Glad Tidings Mission Hall, and her friends: timid Minnie Caldwell ( Margot Bryant ) and bespectacled Martha Longhurst ( Lynne Carol ).

Adopted by Jonathan and Martha Kent from the Kansas town of Smallville, Clark ( and thus Superman ) was raised with the values of a typical rural American town, including attending the local Methodist Church ( though it is debated by comic fans if Superman is a Methodist ).

It was here that his sister Martha was born, before they once more moved, this time to Durham, North Carolina, then to Boise, Idaho and then to Alexandria, Virginia.

Earnhardt was born in Kannapolis, North Carolina, on April 29, 1951, to Martha Coleman and Ralph Lee Earnhardt, who was then one of the best short-track drivers in North Carolina.

One of Sullivan's favorite and most frequent acts was The Supremes, who appeared 17 times on the show, helping to pave the way for other Motown acts to appear on the show such as The Temptations, The Four Tops, and Martha and the Vandellas.

Many early first ladies expressed their own preference for how they were addressed, including the use of such titles as " Lady ", " Mrs. President ", and " Mrs. Presidentress "; Martha Washington was often referred to as " Lady Washington.

Nevertheless, George and Martha made a compatible marriage, because Martha was intelligent, gracious, and experienced in managing a planter's estate.

Howard Carter was born in London, England, the son of Samuel Carter, an artist and Martha Joyce ( Sands ) Carter.

The Hershey – Chase experiments were a series of experiments conducted in 1952 by Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase that helped to confirm that DNA was the genetic material.

At that time, she was able to communicate somewhat with Martha Washington, the six-year-old daughter of the family cook, who understood her signs ; by the age of seven, she had over 60 home signs to communicate with her family.

Spanish Earth was shown at the White House on July 8, 1937 after Ivens, Hemingway, Martha Gellhorn, had had dinner with President Franklin D. Roosevelt, Eleanor Roosevelt and Harry Hopkins.

She was also known for her piety and her admiration for Saints Mary, Martha, and Bridget of Sweden, as well as her patron saint, Hedwig of Andechs.

Knute Rockne was born Knut Larsen Rokne in Voss, Norway to the smith and wagonmaker Lars Knutson Rokne ( 1858 – 1912 ) and his wife Martha Pedersdatter Gjermo ( 1859 – 1944 ).

When he was five years old, Palin had his first acting experience at Birkdale playing Martha Cratchit in a school performance of A Christmas Carol.

Mary of Bethany was the sister of Lazarus and Martha.

The 2008 Macy's Believe holiday commercial featured Jessica Simpson, Donald Trump, Martha Stewart and others quoting various popular lines from " Yes, Virginia, there is a Santa Claus.

CBS began to adapt the popular novel as a miniseries, but the historians Virginius Dabney ( a direct descendant of Jefferson's sister Martha ) and Dumas Malone successfully campaigned against it directly with the network's president William S. Paley, and persuaded him to kill the project.

Martha Josey Knot reins are popular within the barrel racing community because of the knots in the rope that allow for a better grip.

The award-winning, popular daytime series, " The Martha Stewart Show " would move to the Hallmark Channel in September 2010.

According to cinematographer Ron Garcia, the film was popular in Japan, in particular with women, as Martha Nochimson wrote in her book on Lynch's movies, " he surmises that the enthusiasm of the Japanese women comes from a gratification of seeing in Laura some acknowledgment of their suffering in a repressive society.

Not restricted to white venues, the group also performed for Martha Jean " The Queen " from WJLB at many of her popular weekend dances.

In addition to being a popular stage play, Terra baixa was made into six films, including a silent film in the United States, entitled " Martha of the Lowlands " ( 1914 ) and Leni Riefenstahl's Tiefland ( 1954 ).

Mount Martha Surf Lifesaving Club holds the popular annual Mount Martha Australia Day Swim, the " MMAD Swim ".

Due to the show's connection to Detroit's popular rock-and-roll AM radio stations, Swingin ' Time was used by many artists, especially local acts such as The Supremes, Martha Reeves and the Vandellas, the MC5, and Mitch Ryder, to reach a substantially larger teen audience than they could have achieved through solely working the record hop circuit.

She had previously played Clark Kent's mother Martha Kent on the popular TV series Superboy.

With the start of World War II, Francis did volunteer work, including extensive war-zone touring, which was first chronicled in a book attributed to fellow volunteer Carole Landis, Four Jills in a Jeep, which became a popular 1943 film of the same name, with a cavalcade of stars and Martha Raye and Mitzi Mayfair joining Landis and Francis to fill out the complement of Jills.

* Martha Tilton ( 1915-2006 ), American popular singer

He is chiefly remembered for his opera Martha, which was popular in the 19th century.

The oldest house in present-day al-Eizariya, a 2, 000 year old dwelling reputed to have been ( or which at least serves as a reminder of ) the House of Martha and Mary, is also a popular pilgrimage site.

Martha Tilton ( November 14, 1915, Corpus Christi, Texas-December 8, 2006, Brentwood, Los Angeles, California ) was an American popular singer, best known for her 1939 recording of " And the Angels Sing " with Benny Goodman.

On the death of the childless tsar, he was the popular candidate for the vacant throne ; but he acquiesced in the election of Boris Godunov, and shared the disgrace of his too-powerful family three years later, when Boris compelled both him and his wife, Xenia Shestova, to take monastic vows under the names of Filaret and Martha respectively.

Other popular performers include Tewodros Tadesse, Teddy Afro, Neway Debebe, Tadesse Alemu, Hamelmal Abate, Martha Ashagari, Yohannes Berhanu, Kuku Sebsebe, Aster Aweke, and Manalemosh Dibo.

)" She added that Hilda was the mold that other popular soap gossips were made from, including Dot Branning from EastEnders, Mrs Nell Mangel from Neighbours, Lynda Snell from The Archers and Martha Huber from Desperate Housewives.

The Western Gallery probably dates to about 1375, and is devoted to religious figures and scenes popular in Provence ; from south to north: the stoning of St. Stephen ; Samson slaying the lion and yielding to Delilah ; Saint Martha and the Tarasque ; Mary Magdalene kissing Christ's feet ; the Annunciation in a Gothic setting ; the Coronation of the Virgin ; and the Pentacost.

His daughter, Jennifer Koppelman Hutt, is a radio personality who has hosted several radio shows including the popular Sirius Satellite Radio show Whatever with Alexis and Jennifer alongside Alexis Stewart ( Martha Stewart's daughter ).