In Western philosophy, the spread of Christianity through the Roman Empire marked the ending of Hellenistic philosophy and ushered in the beginnings of Medieval philosophy, whereas in Eastern philosophy, the spread of Islam through the Arab Empire marked the end of Old Iranian philosophy and ushered in the beginnings of early Islamic philosophy.

Category: Medieval Islamic astronomers

Category: Medieval Islamic mathematicians

File: Medieval horse armour. jpg | Medieval horse armour on display at Museum of Islamic Art, Doha in Qatar.

In the Medieval period, the production of grimoires continued in Christendom as well as amongst Jews and the followers of the newly founded Islamic faith.

Medieval Islamic astronomers gave Arabic names to many stars that are still used today, and they invented numerous astronomical instruments that could compute the positions of the stars.

Depictions of Islamic " Moors " and " Turks " ( imprecisely named Muslim groups of North Africa and West Asia ) can be found in Medieval, Renaissance, and Baroque art.

According to one theory, increasing military and cultural contacts with the Muslim world, as Norman conquest of Islamic Sicily in 1090, the Crusades which began in 1096 and the Islamic presence in Spain brought the knowledge of pointed arches to Medieval Europe.

Medieval Islamic physicians are considered founders of ophthalmology as an independent discipline.

Interesting developments in the artistic use of interlaced knot patterns are found in Byzantine architecture and book illumination, Coptic art, Celtic art, Islamic art, Medieval Russian book illumination, Ethiopian art, and European architecture and book illumination.

Gareth Hoskins was responsible for contemporary and architecture, Softroom, Islamic Middle East and the Members ' Room, McInnes Usher McKnight Architects ( MUMA ) were responsible for the new Cafe and designed the new Medieval and Renaissance galleries which opened in 2009.

It set the standards for medicine in Medieval Europe and the Islamic world, and is Avicenna's most renowned written work.

Category: Medieval Islamic travel writers

Medieval Islamic metalwork offers a complete contrast to its European equivalent, which is dominated by modelled figures and brightly coloured decoration in enamel, some pieces entirely in precious metals.

Aristotle's fame was not great during the Hellenistic period, when Stoic logic was in vogue, but later peripatetic commentators popularized his work ; it formed the basis of Islamic, Jewish, and Christian Medieval philosophy.

The spread of Christianity throughout the Roman world, followed by the spread of Islam, ushered in the end of Hellenistic philosophy and the beginnings of Medieval philosophy, which was dominated by the three Abrahamic traditions: Jewish philosophy, Christian philosophy, and early Islamic philosophy.

This practice was followed in the Jewish and Islamic calendars and in Medieval Western Europe in reckoning the dates of religious festivals.

Medieval Islamic geographers gave descriptions of Arran in general, and of its towns, which included Barda, Beylagan, and Ganja, along with others.

** Islamic contributions to Medieval Europe

History and Archaeology of the Medieval Christian and Islamic Worlds

Isabella Stewart Gardner collected and carefully displayed a collection of more than 2, 500 objects — paintings, sculpture, furniture, textiles, architectural elements, drawings, silver, ceramics, illuminated manuscripts, rare books, photographs and letters — from ancient Rome, Medieval Europe, Renaissance Italy, Asia, the Islamic world, and 19th-century France and America.

" Studies in Medieval Islamic Technology: From Philo to Al-Jazari-from Alexandria to Diyar Bakr.

Category: Medieval Irish writers

Category: Medieval Irish writers

Not all Medieval writers are so at odds with the Virgilian standard, and with the rediscovery of classical literature later Medieval and Renaissance writers are far more orthodox, but by then the form had become an academic exercise.

The Medieval society, in which Gothic texts are based, granted women writers the opportunity to attribute “ features of the mode Gothicism as the result of the suppression of female sexuality, or else as a challenge to the gender hierarchy and values of a male-dominated culture ”.

After the Dark Age and Medieval chroniclers, various Protestant writers took up the Pope Joan legend in their anti-Catholic writings.

Although some Medieval writers referred to the female Pope as " John VIII ," a genuine Pope John VIII reigned between 872 and 882.

Medieval writers criticised William for his greed and cruelty, but his personal piety was universally praised by contemporaries.

Christian writers in Medieval Spain translated many works from Arabic, mainly philosophy and mathematics, but also Arab fiction, as is evidenced by Juan Manuel's story collection El Conde Lucanor and Ramón Llull's The Book of Beasts.

Category: Medieval Christian devotional writers

Medieval Latin writers also used the word templum.

Category: Medieval Welsh writers

The long term implications of the battle of Adrianople have often been overstated, with many Twentieth Century writers repeating Sir Charles Oman's idea that the battle represented a turning point in military history, with heavy cavalry triumphing over Roman infantry and ushering in the age of the Medieval knight.

While Medieval Christianity vigorously denounced anger as one of the seven cardinal, or deadly sins, some Christian writers at times regarded the anger caused by injustice as having some value.

Category: Medieval writers

* Ancient & Medieval References To The Nicolaitanes An extensive listing of references by 25 ancient and medieval writers to the Nicolaitanes.

Medieval writers and works ( such as the Golden Legend, which erroneously has Nero as a witness to his suicide ) believed Seneca had been converted to the Christian faith by Saint Paul, and early humanists regarded his fatal bath as a kind of disguised baptism.

Medieval writers used the word proportio (" proportion ") to indicate ratio and proportionalitas (" proportionality ") for the equality of ratios.

More recently he has founded The Medieval Murderers, a speaking and entertainment group of historical writers including Bernard Knight, Ian Morson, Susanna Gregory, Phillip Gooden and CJ Sansom.

Category: Medieval writers

Category: Medieval Latin-language writers

Medieval writers condemned him for his greed and for his pluralism.

Category: Medieval Irish writers