The Republic of Turkey was created after the overthrow of Sultan Mehmet VI Vahdettin by the new Republican Parliament in 1922.

Mehmet VI ( Ottoman Turkish: محمد سادس Meḥmed-i sâdis, وحيد الدين Vahidettin.

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The last Ottoman sultan, Mehmet VI Vahidettin ( 1918 – 22 ) was aged 56 when he came to the throne and had been either in the harem or the Cage for the whole of his life.

The Treaty of Sèvres was signed in 1920 by the government of Mehmet VI which dismantled the Ottoman Empire.

Mehmet Ali, the founder of a dynasty that ruled Egypt, was born in Kavala in 1769.

Although the influence of Turkic nobility continued in the Ottoman court until Mehmet II ( see Çandarlı Halil ), the Ottoman ruling class slowly came to be ruled exclusively by the devşirme, creating a separate social class.

In the middle of the 14th century the aristocratic Delvina family ruled Delvinë and in 1354, Mehmet Ali Pasha Delvina was testified as the owner of the castle and the city.

On 31 March 1683 another declaration, sent by Kara Mustafa on behalf of Mehmet IV, arrived at the Imperial Court in Vienna.

Among these were important historical figures, including Iljaz Hoxha, Hamza Kastrioti, Davud Pasha, Zağanos Pasha, Köprülü Mehmed Pasha ( head of the Köprülü family of Grand Viziers ), the Bushati family, Sulejman Pasha, Edhem Pasha, Nezim Frakulla, Ali Pasha of Tepelena, Haxhi Shekreti, Hasan Zyko Kamberi, Ali Pasha of Gucia, Mehmet Ali ruler of Egypt and Emin Pasha.

In 1681 and 1682, clashes between the forces of Imre Thököly and the Holy Roman Empire ( of which the border was then northern Hungary ) intensified, and the incursions of Habsburg forces into Central Hungary provided the crucial argument of Grand Vizier Kara Mustafa Pasha in convincing the Sultan, Mehmet IV and his Divan, to allow the movement of the Ottoman Army.

The main event of the conflict was the ill-prepared Pruth Campaign of 1711, during which Russian troops under command of Peter the Great and Boris Sheremetev attempted to invade Moldavia with the aid of Moldavian ruler Dimitrie Cantemir but were surrounded and defeated by the Ottoman troops under Grand Vizier Baltacı Mehmet Pasha, in a decisive battle at Stănileşti ( started on 18 July 1711 ).

Ahmet Tevfik İleri ( who was born in Yaltkaya ( Gomno ) village of Hemşin ), a Deputy Prime Minister and before that, a Minister of Education in Turkey within successive Adnan Menderes governments between 1950 – 1960, as well as Damat Mehmet Ali Pasha, the Ottoman Grand Vizier on the eve of the Crimean War in 1853 were also Hamshenis.

Venetian records claims that Nûr-Banû became the Valide Sultan to her son Murad III managed the government together with the Grand Vizier Sokollu Mehmet Pasha, who acted as co-regent with the sultan in the Sultanate of Women.

His first term as a Grand Vizier was during the reign of Mehmet II (" The Conqueror ").

The town remained until late Byzantine times an important toll and customs station of the Hellespont, its importance thereafter being transferred to the Dardanelles, after the building of the " Old Castles " by Sultan Mehmet II ( c. 1456 ).

In 1710 he convinced the Ottoman Sultan Ahmed III to declare war against Russia, and the Ottoman forces under Baltacı Mehmet Pasha won a major victory at the Battle of Prut.

The mausoleum ( türbe ) of Sultan Mehmet II in Divan Yolu street, where Abdülaziz is buried as well

A view of the Bosphorus strait, with the Fatih Sultan Mehmet Bridge ( 1988 ) seen in the background.

Fatih Sultan Mehmet Bridge ( 1988 ) as seen from the Rumelihisarı | Rumeli Castle ( 1452 )

The second, named Fatih Sultan Mehmet ( Bosphorus II ) Bridge, is long, and was completed in 1988 about north of the first bridge.

The Bosphorus Bridge forms part of the O1 Motorway, while the Fatih Sultan Mehmet Bridge forms part of the Trans-European Motorway.

* 1988 – The Fatih Sultan Mehmet Bridge in Istanbul, Turkey is completed, providing the second connection between the continents of Europe and Asia over the Bosporus.

File: Mehmet I honoraries miniature. jpg | Sultan Mehmed I. Ottoman miniature, 1413-1421

This practice continued for centuries, until the reign of Sultan Mehmet IV.

Though the Byzantines recovered control of the ravaged city a half century later, the Byzantine Empire was terminally weakened, and existed as a ghost of its old self until Sultan Mehmet The Conqueror took the city in 1453.

After Constantinople fell to Sultan Mehmet II he declared war on Venice.

** The Fatih Sultan Mehmet Bridge in Istanbul, Turkey is completed, providing the second connection between the continents of Europe and Asia over the Bosporus.

That changed when the Ottoman Sultan Mahmud II negotiated with Mehmet Ali of Egypt, who agreed to send his son Ibrahim Pasha to Greece with an army to suppress the revolt in return for territorial gain.

* April 2 – May 29 – Siege and Fall of Constantinople ( now Istanbul ): The Ottoman Sultan Mehmet II the Conqueror ends the Roman Empire by capturing the capital, Constantinople.

Morea was under invasion from Sultan Mehmet II, and Theodora escaped with Demetrios to Constantinople where she gave the manuscript back to Gennadius, reluctant to destroy the only copy of such a distinguished scholar's work herself.

The Fatih Sultan Mehmet Bridge, also known as the Second Bosphorus Bridge, is situated between Hisarüstü ( European side ) and Kavacık ( Asian side ).

By 1683, Sultan Mehmet IV abolished the devşirme, as increasing numbers of originally Muslim Turkish families had already enrolled their own sons into the force hoping for a lucrative career.

All about Sheikh Nazim and his son and full successor Sheikh Mehmet Sultan.

Meanwhile, the Ottoman Sultan negotiated with Mehmet Ali of Egypt, who agreed to send his son Ibrahim Pasha to Greece with an army to suppress the revolt in return for territorial gain.

Mehmed IV Modern Turkish Mehmet ( Ottoman Turkish: محمد رابع Meḥmed-i rābi ‘; also known as Avcı Mehmed, Mehmed the Hunter ; January 2, 1642 – January 6, 1693 ) was the Sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1648 to 1687.

These titles were known in Ottoman Turkish respectively as Hünkar-i Khanedan-i Âl-i Osman, Sultan us-Selatin and Khakan ( the latter enlarged as Khakan ül-Berreyn vel-Bahreyn by Mehmet II, Bayezid II and Selim I, meaning " Khan of Khans of the Two Lands ( Europe and Asia ) and the Two Seas ( Mediterranean and Indian )").