Robert K. Merton comments that Sumner's additional characterization robbed the concept of some analytical power because, Merton argues, centrality and superiority are often correlated, but need to be kept analytically distinct.

The concept has long existed but was named and popularised in the 20th century by American sociologist Robert K. Merton.

However, it was the sociologist Robert K. Merton who popularized this concept in the twentieth century.

Merton ’ s concept of dysfunctions is also central to his argument that functionalism is not essentially conservative.

In order to help people determine whether positive functions outweigh dysfunctions, and vice versa, Merton developed the concept of net balance.

Merton took the concept a step further and applied it to recent social phenomena.

* obliteration by incorporation, a concept in sociology of science introduced by Robert K. Merton

As has been shown above, Merton addressed this limitation through his concept of deviance, and so it can be seen that functionalism allows for agency.

Opinion leadership is a concept that arises out of the theory of two-step flow of communication propounded by Paul Lazarsfeld and Elihu Katz Significant developers of the theory have been Robert K. Merton, C. Wright Mills and Bernard Berelson.

Indeed, Robert K. Merton, who coined the term self-fulfilling prophecy, mentioned bank runs as a prime example of the concept in his book Social Theory and Social Structure.

American sociologist Robert K. Merton was among the first ( if not the first ) to use the concept of relative deprivation in order to understand social deviance, using French sociologist Emile Durkheim's concept of anomie as a starting point.

Hence, it is a popular English usage in the underground comic book Merton of the Movement, by Bobby London, while ideologically sound, an alternative term, followed a like lexical path, appearing in Bart Dickon ’ s satirical comic strips.

Serendipity is used as a sociological method in Anselm L. Strauss ' and Barney G. Glaser's Grounded Theory, building on ideas by sociologist Robert K. Merton, who in Social Theory and Social Structure ( 1949 ) referred to the " serendipity pattern " as the fairly common experience of observing an unanticipated, anomalous and strategic datum which becomes the occasion for developing a new theory or for extending an existing theory.

SEI has been a frequent site of anti-war movement and peace movement protests since its construction began, many of which have been organized by Pittsburgh's Thomas Merton Center.

After returning to London, Dorian tells Lord Henry that he will be good from now on, and has started by not breaking the heart of his latest innocent conquest named Hetty Merton.

When his business was enlarged in 1881 by the establishment of a tapestry industry at Merton Abbey Mills, in South West London, Morris found yet another means for expressing the medievalism that inspired all his work, whether on paper or at the loom.

* 1264 – Merton College is founded at the University of Oxford by Walter de Merton.

Scholars inspired by Durkheim include Marcel Mauss, Maurice Halbwachs, Célestin Bouglé, Alfred Radcliffe-Brown, Talcott Parsons, Robert K. Merton, Jean Piaget, Claude Lévi-Strauss, Ferdinand de Saussure, Michel Foucault, Clifford Geertz, Peter Berger, Robert Bellah and others.

There are several financial models for analyzing default risk, such as the Jarrow-Turnbull model, Edward Altman's Z-score model, or the structural model of default by Robert C. Merton ( Merton Model ).

The abbey was originally served by a community of Augustinian Canons Regular from Merton Priory and the layout of the original church at Holyrood, now known only from excavations, probably came from the 1125 church at the priory.

It was not until 1598 that the library began to thrive once more, when Thomas Bodley ( a former fellow of Merton College ) wrote to the Vice Chancellor of the University offering to support the development of the library: " where there hath bin hertofore a publike library in Oxford: which you know is apparent by the rome it self remayning, and by your statute records I will take the charge and cost upon me, to reduce it again to his former use.

Mitcham is on the east side of the London Borough of Merton and is bounded by the London Borough of Wandsworth, the London Borough of Croydon, the London Borough of Lambeth and the London Borough of Sutton.

Mitcham, along with nearby Merton Abbey, became the calico cloth printing centres of England by 1750.

The borough was formed under the London Government Act in 1965 by the merger of the Municipal Borough of Mitcham, the Municipal Borough of Wimbledon and the Merton and Morden Urban District, all formerly within Surrey.

This newspaper was founded in 1977 by a former Conservative councillor on Merton Council, but since then the paper has been sold on and it is now widely published in different editions across South London.

Merton is served by a wide range of National Rail stations across the borough, as well as the southern tip of London Underground's Northern Line and the District Line on the Wimbledon branch.

The Merton Parkas were a mod revival band, formed in the Merton area of South London in the mid 1970s, by Danny Talbot ( vocals and guitar ), his brother, Mick Talbot ( keyboards ), Neil Hurrell ( bass ) and Simon Smith ( drums ).

* The Unanticipated Consequences of Purposive Social Action by Robert K. Merton, American Sociological Review, Vol 1 Issue 6, Dec 1936, pp. 894 – 904

Parks ' Fly Shop, one of the oldest fly shops and guiding operations in the Yellowstone area, was started by Merton Parks in 1953.

Quest Elementary teacher Suzanne Pilon was the recipient of the 2009 $ 10, 000 Excellence in Math and Science Teaching Award, the Presidential Teaching Award, from the National Science Foundation ; Merton Williams Middle School has been named an " Essential Elements Schools to Watch " by the NYS Education Department ; the Hilton School District's Music Program has been recognized by NAMM and the GRAMMY Signature School program.

In June, he received a letter from his brother John Paul stating he was soon to leave for war and would be coming to Gethsemani to visit Merton before leaving.

" Cohen therefore considers it paradoxical " that the rise of early modern science was due at least in part to developments in Christian thought — in particular, to certain aspects of Protestantism " ( a thesis first developed as what is now sometimes called the Merton thesis ).

The Black – Scholes model or Black – Scholes – Merton is a mathematical model of a financial market containing certain derivative investment instruments.

The idea of damages was first conceived in English law during the 13th century, when the Statutes of Merton and Gloucester provided for damages in certain circumstances.

It may be that Parsons ' work implied or articulated that certain institutions were necessary to fulfill the functional prerequisites of society, but whether or not this is the case, Merton explicitly states that institutions are not indispensable and that there are functional alternatives.

Thomas Merton in his introduction to a translation of the Sayings of the Desert Fathers describes the early monastics as " Truly in certain sense ' anarchists ,' and it will do no harm to think of them as such.

A commercial I shared with Graham, Raoul Merton (' of comfort you're certain when you wear Raoul Merton ') changed the footwear buying habits of men.

Some sense of what pictures meant to Merton is suggested in two passages in the notebook in which he recorded certain thoughts.

Born in Colombo, Ceylon ( now Sri Lanka ) to British parents, he received his Bachelor's degree in Classics from the University of Oxford ( Merton College ) in 1956.

He won a scholarship to study at Merton College, Oxford on a four year course, which he started in 1968 and he graduated in 1972 with first-class honours degree in biochemistry.

Mr P J M Roberts was educated at Tiffins, Kingston upon Thames and then read Modern History at Merton College, Oxford where he received a first class honours degree.

In 1929, he was awarded his Master of Arts degree, and in 1927 was appointed lecturer at Merton College, where he stayed until 1930.

* On 21 April 2006, McDonald presented an episode of Have I Got News For You with a good degree of success ; he delivered the autocue jokes, some of which were extremely risqué, in his usual sober newscaster manner, the juxtaposition of which prompted team captain Paul Merton, who usually maintains a straight face on the show, to laugh heartily in disbelief on numerous occasions.

Born in Lottery Hall, Southampton, he was educated at King's College School, London, and at Merton College, Oxford where he achieved a first class BA degree in Classical Mods, ( 1865 ), and a second class in literae humaniores ( 1867 ).

degree, and was shortly thereafter, in 1564, admitted as a Fellow to Merton College.

He was educated at Oswestry Boys ' High School ( a Shropshire County Council secular grammar school ), Oswestry, Shropshire ( not to be confused with the older independent Oswestry School ), and at Merton College, Oxford, reputedly being one of the last generation of undergraduates to be awarded a fourth class degree.

He matriculated at Merton College in 1613 but migrated to Magdalen College two years later, eventually leaving Oxford before completing his degree.

Summerskill was educated at Cobden Road Infants School, Amherst County Primary School, Sevenoaks School, where he held a scholarship, and Merton College, Oxford, where he was an Exhibitioner ( holder of a junior scholarship ) but which he left after two years without taking a degree.

Between 1921 and 1925 he attended Merton College, Oxford, where he was President of the Junior Common Room and of the Myrmidon Club and graduated with a second class degree in Literae Humaniores.

In 1900 he took the DSc degree and as Linacre Professor he also held a Fellowship at Merton College, Oxford.

James graduated with a BA in English & History from the University of York in 1966, and subsequently undertook a research degree at Merton College, Oxford, and became a teacher.

He attended Oxford at the age of fourteen, and in 1626 became a fellow of Merton College, earning his Masters degree in theology the following year.