American philosopher Michael Martin argues that it is not necessarily true that objective moral truths must entail the existence of God, suggesting that there could be alternative explanations: he argues that naturalism may be an acceptable explanation and, even if a supernatural explanation is necessary, it does not have to be God ( polytheism is a viable alternative ).

Michael Meyer argues that the play's theme is not women's rights, but rather " the need of every individual to find out the kind of person he or she really is and to strive to become that person.

Ecologist Robert Michael Pyle argues that most cultures have human-like giants in their folk history: " We have this need for some larger-than-life creature.

" Clay Witt, a minister in the Metropolitan Community Church, explains how theologians and commentators like John Shelby Spong, George Edwards and Michael England interpret injunctions against certain sexual acts as being originally intended as a means of distinguishing religious worship between Abrahamic and the surrounding pagan faiths, within which homosexual acts featured as part of idolatrous religious practices: " England argues that these prohibitions should be seen as being directed against sexual practices of fertility cult worship.

In Personal Knowledge, Michael Polanyi argues for the epistemological relevance of knowledge how and knowledge that ; using the example of the act of balance involved in riding a bicycle, he suggests that the theoretical knowledge of the physics involved in maintaining a state of balance cannot substitute for the practical knowledge of how to ride, and that it is important to understand how both are established and grounded.

However Michael Wilcock, formally of Trinity College, Bristol, argues that Elijah's letter: ' does address a very ' northern ' situation in the southern kingdom ', and thus is authentic.

* Michael Halliday's systemic functional grammar argues that the explanation of how language works " needed to be grounded in a functional analysis, since language had evolved in the process of carrying out certain critical functions as human beings interacted with their ... ' eco-social ' environment ".

Michael Novak, a specialist in the religious beliefs of the Founding Fathers, argues that the promotion of multiculturalism, moral relativism, and secularism among academics results in academic censorship that affects information and analysis supporting the Judeo-Christian heritage.

Michael Stohl argues, " The use of terror tactics is common in international relations and the state has been and remains a more likely employer of terrorism within the international system than insurgents.

In Satisficing Consequentialism Michael Slote argues for a form of utilitarianism where “ an act might qualify as morally right through having good enough consequences, even though better consequences could have been produced .” One advantage of such a system is that it would be able to accommodate the notion of supererogatory actions.

Michael Mousseau argues that in this kind of socio-economy conflict is always present, latent or overt, because individuals depend on their groups for physical and economic security and are thus loyal to their groups rather than their states, and because groups are in a constant state of conflict over access to state coffers.

E. Michael Jones in Degenerate Moderns argues that Stanley Fish was influenced by his adulterous affairs to reject classic literature that condemned adultery.

Michael Kaminski argues in his book that it is unlikely that the plot point had ever seriously been considered or even conceived of before 1978, and that the first film was clearly operating under an alternate storyline where Vader was a separate character from Luke's father ; there is not a single reference to this plot point before 1978 ( further reinforcing this is Obi-Wan Kenobi calling Vader " Darth ", as if it is his true name rather than his new Sith name ).

Historian Michael Morrison argues that from 1820 to 1846 a combination of " racism and veneration of the Union " had prevented a direct northern attack on slavery.

Michael Hattaway offers an alternate, sympathetic view of Joan which argues that the character's movement from saintly to demonic is justified within the text: " Joan is the play's tragic figure, comparable with Faulconbridge in King John.

Michael Taylor, for example, argues, " A fiendish provenance replaces a divine one in 5, Scene 5, a scene that reduces Joan to a comic, bathetic dependency on shifty representatives of the underworld.

Likewise, Michael Hattaway, in both his 1990 New Cambridge Shakespeare edition of 1 Henry VI and his 1991 edition of 2 Henry VI argues that the evidence suggests 1 Henry VI was written first.

For example, Michael Taylor argues that there were at least thirty-nine history plays prior to 1592, including the two-part Christopher Marlowe play Tamburlaine ( 1587 ), Thomas Lodge's The Wounds of Civil War ( 1588 ), the anonymous The Troublesome Reign of King John ( 1588 ), Edmund Ironside ( 1590 – also anonymous ), Robert Green's Selimus ( 1591 ) and another anonymous play, The True Tragedy of Richard III ( 1591 ).

Along similar lines, Michael F. Brown argues that the Aguaruna of Peru see magic as merely a type of technology, no more supernatural than their physical tools.

In Significance, economist Michael Spagat argues that the ICMMS survey, the only one ( of four ) international sanctions surveys ( graphed in his paper ) to show a dramatic increase in child mortality, is suspect because of the abusive, manipulative nature of the Iraqi regime.

Additionally, well-situated clusters, which Michael Porter argues is vital in global economies, connect locally with linked industries, manufacturers, and other entities that are related by skills, technologies, and other common inputs.

Michael Austin draws attention to an objection from autonomy, which argues that morality requires an agent to freely choose which principles they live by.

This sentiment is reflected in Michael Sorkin ’ s and Mike Davis ’ declaration of “ the end of public space ” and the “ destruction of any truly democratic urban spaces .” Another side of the debate, however, argues that it is people who apply meaning to public space, wherever it may be.

In the British general election the following year, Michael Howard promised to work towards having the prohibition removed if the Conservative Party gained a majority of seats in the House of Commons, but the election was won by Blair's Labour Party.

Of the handful of groups not taken down by disco's fall from favor, The Jacksons — and Michael Jackson in particular — stand out: In spite of having helped define the disco sound early on, they continued to make popular and danceable, if more refined, songs for yet another generation of music fans in the 1980s and beyond.

He had agreed to work on The Girls Upstairs if Sondheim would agree to work on Company ; Michael Bennett, the young choreographer of Company, was also brought onto the project.

In a 2002 interview with Michael Parkinson, John Cleese said that when he and Palin were performing the sketch on Drury Lane, Palin made him laugh by saying, when asked if his slug could talk, " It mutters a bit " instead of " Not really.

She asked the producers and makeup artist Michael Westmore if they could perhaps make her more attractive and tone down the Klingon makeup.

Its opening and closing lament, " The Ballad of Mackie Messer ", was written just before the Berlin premiere, when actor Harald Paulsen ( Macheath ) threatened to quit if his character did not receive an introduction ; this creative emergency resulted in what would become the work's most popular song, later translated into English by Marc Blitzstein as " Mack the Knife " and now a jazz standard that Louis Armstrong, Bobby Darin, Ella Fitzgerald, Frank Sinatra, Michael Bublé, Robbie Williams, Ray Quinn and countless others have all covered.

Skalbania offered to play a game of backgammon with Winnipeg owner Michael Gobuty, the stakes being if Gobuty won, he would get Gretzky and if he lost, he had to give Skalbania a share of the Jets.

* Actor Philip Michael Thomas was asked by television producers if he had ever played a police officer, and he replied " Yes, I was a cop in a feature film.

* October 13 – In the second U. S. presidential debate, held by U. C. L. A., the Democratic party nominee, Michael Dukakis, is asked by journalist Bernard Shaw of CNN if he would support the death penalty if his wife, Kitty, were to be raped and murdered.

In 1976, Michael Landon asked Anderson if she would appear in his autobiographical film, The Loneliest Runner.

When Thatcher was challenged by Michael Heseltine for the leadership of the Conservative Party during November 1990, Powell said he would rejoin the party, which he had left in February 1974 over the issue of Europe, if Thatcher won, and would urge the public to support both her and, in Powell's view, national independence.

Furthermore, as one of the negotiators, Michael Collins, later admitted ( and he was in a position to know, given his role in the independence war ), the IRA at the time of the truce was weeks, if not days, from collapse, with a chronic shortage of ammunition.

To the question, therefore, which ought to hold the first rank, Raffaelle or Michael Angelo, it must be answered, that if it is to be given to him who possessed a greater combination of the higher qualities of the art than any other man, there is no doubt but Raffaelle is the first.

But if, according to Longinus, the sublime, being the highest excellence that human composition can attain to, abundantly compensates the absence of every other beauty, and atones for all other deficiencies, then Michael Angelo demands the preference.

For example, the children of Prince Michael of Kent are known as Lord Frederick Windsor and Lady Gabriella Windsor, bearing courtesy titles as if they were the children of a duke.

In many pieces ( particularly those of early to mid Baroque composers such as Claudio Monteverdi, Giovanni Gabrieli, Francesco Cavalli, Girolamo Frescobaldi, Giovanni Battista Riccio, Dario Castello, Antonio Bertali, Pavel Josef Vejvanovský, Jan Křtitel Tolar, Michael Praetorius, Johann Hermann Schein, Samuel Scheidt, Sebastian Knüpfer, Johann Schelle, Johann Andreas Pachelbel, Giovanni Felice Sances, Johann Joseph Fux, Johann Heinrich Schmelzer, Heinrich Ignaz Franz von Biber, Andreas Hofer, Alessandro Stradella, Matthew Locke, John Adson and Heinrich Schütz ) the cornett is indispensable in performance, and the music suffers if other instruments substitute for them.

Michael Joseph Savage ( Prime Minister of New Zealand ) rejected option 1 but thought that option 2 " might be possible ... if some solution along these lines were found to be practicable " but " would be guided by the decision of the Home government ".

A 1981 interview on Michael Parkinson's talk show alarmed family and friends ; viewers wondered if Niven had either been drinking or suffered a stroke.

Klein argued that " stardom was not too hard to predict, but few could have foreseen that Janet — Miss Jackson, if you're nasty — would one day replace Michael as true heir to the Jackson family legacy.

Horse-racing historian Michael Tanner, in a 2011 television interview at Epsom, pointed out that as Emily Davison was standing on the inside of the bend at Tattenham Corner, amidst heaving crowds, and with no racetrack commentary like there is today, it would in fact have been impossible for her to have any idea whether the King's horse Anmer had in fact already gone past or not when she stepped out onto the racecourse to make her protest ; and that at the speeds the horses were going it would not have been practicable for her to identify any particular horse anyway even if she'd meant to.