Modern Times ( 1936 ), which depicted factory workers in dismal conditions, was the first of his films that was seen by critics to contain an anti-capitalist message, although Chaplin denied the film being in any way political.

Modern European conservatives such as Edmund Burke have found the extreme idealism of either democracy may endanger broader liberties, and similarly reject " abstract reason " as a guide for political theory.

However they do teach a subject called " Modern Studies " which covers the social, political and economic study of local, national and international issues.

Modern historians think that Orestes had cultivated his relationship with Hypatia to strengthen a bond with the Pagan community of Alexandria, as he had done with the Jewish one, to handle better the difficult political life of the Egyptian capital.

Modern Nationalism, as developed especially since the French Revolution, has made the distinction between " language " and " dialect " an issue of great political importance.

Modern history has rejected these views, instead characterising Domitian as a ruthless but efficient autocrat, whose cultural, economic and political program provided the foundation of the peaceful 2nd century.

Modern political improvisation's roots include Jerzy Grotowski's work in Poland during the late 1950s and early 1960s, Peter Brook's " happenings " in England during the late 1960s, Augusto Boal's " Forum Theatre " in South America in the early 1970s, and San Francisco's The Diggers ' work in the 1960s.

As early as 1819, in his famous speech “ On Ancient and Modern Liberty ,” the political philosopher Benjamin Constant, a proponent of constitutional monarchy and representative democracy, criticized Rousseau, or rather his more radical followers ( specifically the Abbé de Mably ), for allegedly believing that " everything should give way to collective will, and that all restrictions on individual rights would be amply compensated by participation in social power .”

After the war ended Sartre established Les Temps Modernes ( Modern Times ), a quarterly literary and political review, and started writing full-time as well as continuing his political activism.

Modern Lebanon's constitution, drawn up in 1926, specified a balance of power between the various religious groups, but France designed it to guarantee the political dominance of its Christian allies.

Modern manga originated in the Occupation ( 1945 – 1952 ) and post-Occupation years ( 1952 – early 1960s ), while a previously militaristic and ultra-nationalist Japan rebuilt its political and economic infrastructure.

Modern political discourse focuses on democracy and the relationship between people and politics.

Modern critics call the Greek playwright Aristophanes one of the best known early satirists: his plays are known for their critical political and societal commentary, particularly for the political satire by which he criticized the powerful Cleon ( as in The Knights ).

Modern socialism originated from an 18th-century intellectual and working class political movement that criticised the effects of industrialisation and private property on society.

Modern democratic socialism is a broad political movement that seeks to propagate the ideals of socialism within the context of a democratic system.

Viz also lampoons political ideas-both left-wing ideals, in strips such as " The Modern Parents " ( and to an extent in Student Grant ), and right-wing ones such as " Baxter Basics ", " Major Misunderstanding ", " Victorian Dad " and numerous strips involving tabloid columnists Garry Bushell (" Garry Bushell the Bear ") and Richard Littlejohn (" Richard Littlecock " and " Robin Hood and Richard Littlejohn "), portraying them as obsessed with homosexuality, political correctness and non-existent left-wing conspiracies to the exclusion of all else.

As from August 2010, his most recent book is The March of Patriots: The Struggle for Modern Australia ( 2009 ) which deals with economic and political developments under Keating and Howard as Australia entered the globalised age.

The first recorded use of " Turk " as a political name is a 6th-century reference to the word pronounced in Modern Chinese as Tujue.

In 1993, erotic fiction author Zheng Yi wrote the controversial book Scarlet Memorial: Tales Of Cannibalism In Modern China, alleging “ systematic killing and cannibalization of individuals in the name of political revolution and ' class struggle '” among the Zhuang people in Wuxuan County, Guangxi, during that period.

Modern political boundaries shown

Modern political boundaries shown

Modern variations on the spoils system are often described as the political machine.

Ibn al-Haytham ( Alhazen ), a pioneer of the scientific method who is considered to be the " Father of Modern Optics " and arguably one of the first scientists.

Political scientists often define competition in Europe during the Modern Era as a balance of power struggle, which also induced various European states to pursue colonial empires, beginning with the Spanish and Portuguese, and later including the British, French, Dutch, and German.

Modern scientists and some missionary groups have considered the plant as a possible solution for the treatment of severe malnutrition and aid for those with HIV / AIDS.

In the Modern Age, scientists adopted atomist theories, while materialist philosophers embraced Epicurus ' hedonist ethics and restated his objections to natural teleology.

Modern trade unions and management scientists tend to side strongly with Engels in this debate, and generally agree that decentralization is very closely related to standardisation and subordination, e. g. the standard commodity contracts traded on the commodity markets, in which disputes are resolved all according to a jurisdiction and common regulatory system, within the frame of a larger democratic electoral system which can restore any imbalances of power, and which generally retains the support of the population for its authority.

Support for their claim appeared in 2004 when scientists at the Institute of Modern Physics ( IMP ) identified < sup > 266 </ sup > Bh as decaying with identical properties to their single event ( see bohrium ).

Dong, Modern HPLC for practicing scientists.

Modern scientists are sometimes judged by the number of times their work is cited by others — this is actually a key indicator of the relative importance of a work in science.

Modern scientists now consider physiognomy a form of pseudoscience.

Modern notions of science and scientists date only to the 19th century.

* Modern Iranian scientists and engineers

Modern excavation of the caves began in the late 1890s by limestone miners who noticed the fossils and brought them to the attention of scientists.

Modern scientists use electronic instrumentation, such as mass spectrometers, to determine both the masses and the abundances of an element's isotopes.

Modern scientists usually refer to the individual nuclei that comprise the reticular formation.

Several Modern Orthodox Jewish scientists have interpreted creation in light of both modern scientific findings and rabbinical interpretations of Genesis.

Shai Cherry, Professor of Jewish Thought at Vanderbilt University, remarks that these Modern Orthodox scientists have rejected the approach taken by Jewish theologians.

** Modern Iranian scientists and engineers

* Modern Iranian scientists and engineers

* Modern Iranian scientists and engineers

Modern social scientists from different fields have introduced cycle theories to predict civilizational collapses in approaches that apply contemporary methods that update the approach of Spengler, such as the work of Joseph Tainter suggesting a civilizational life-cycle.

Modern principles of biosafety and biocontainment were pioneered at Fort Detrick throughout the 1960s by a number of scientists led by Arnold G. Wedum.