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Mohammad Daoud Khan, the President of the Republic of Afghanistan from 1973 to 1978, was ousted during the Saur Revolution ( April Revolution ) following the death of Mir Akbar Khyber, a Parchamite politician from the People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan ( PDPA ) who died under mysterious circumstances.
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Mohammad and Daoud
Under Karmal's leadership, the Parchamite PDPA participated in Mohammad Daoud Khan's rise to power, and his subsequent regime.
Amid charges of corruption and malfeasance against the royal family and poor economic conditions created by the severe 1971 – 72 drought, former Prime Minister Mohammad Sardar Daoud Khan seized power in a non-violent coup on July 17, 1973, while Zahir Shah was receiving treatment for eye problems and therapy for lumbago in Italy.
On 27 April 1978, the PDPA, led by Nur Mohammad Taraki, Babrak Karmal and Amin Taha overthrew the government of Mohammad Daoud, who was assassinated along with all his family members in a bloody military coup.
The PDPA came to power through a coup, popularly referred to as the Saur Revolution, which ousted the unpopular government of Mohammad Daoud Khan.
The Fundamental Principles were, in many ways, similar to Mohammad Daoud Khan's 1977 constitution.
* 1973-Mohammed Daoud Khan, Prime Minister and a member of the royal family, seizes power while King Mohammad Zahir Shah is in Italy.
Zahir's cousin, Mohammad Daoud Khan, served as Prime Minister from 1954 to 1963.
** The government of Mohammad Daoud Khan responded to the inequities of the existing land tenure conditions by issuing a Land Reform Law in 1975.
Mohammadi had served in Afghanistan in the 1970s as water and power minister under president Mohammad Daoud.
Mohammad Daoud is the name of:
* Engineer Mohammad Daoud ( Afghan Governor ), former Governor of Helmand Province, Afghanistan
While the government rejected any claims of assassinated him, the PDPA members apparently feared that Mohammad Daoud Khan was planning to exterminate them all.
Nur Mohammad Taraki, Babrak Karmal, and Hafizullah Amin overthrew the regime of Daoud, and renamed the country the Democratic Republic of Afghanistan ( DRA ).
These included that Mohammad Rashed Daoud al-Owhali had stated that Attash had told him to prepare for a suicide carbombing against East African embassies of the United States a month or two before the attacks occurred.
Under Mohammad Daoud Khan's prime ministership, suppression of radicals was common.
In April 1978, second-level Fatah leader Mohammad Daoud Oudeh ( Abu Daoud ) organized cells of about 70 to 80 fighters with the intention of breaking the ceasefire.
Ustaad Sayed Mohammad Daoud Al ' Hossaini, an Afghan Bedil expert, arguably showed that seven months after his funeral, Bedil's body was brought back by friends and relatives from Delhi to Khwaja Rawash in Kabul, where the relatives of Barlas-e Tshaghatai lived.
* A Study On Mohammad Daoud Khan ( Negahe ba Shakhsiat, Nazariat wa Siassat ha-ye Sardar Mohammad Daoud ), Mizan Publishing, August 2001, Alexandria-VA, 440 pages in Persian.
Taraki did advocate a united front briefly after former Prime Minister Mohammad Daoud Khan's takeover in an attempt to gain places in the government for his followers, but this effort was unsuccessful.
Mohammad and Khan
The current regime of President Mohammad Ayub Khan is determinedly secular.
His family lived in Panjshir for several years before moving to Herat where his father, Dost Mohammad Khan, was appointed as the police chief.
He was the third son of Mohammad Afzal Khan, and grandson of Dost Mohammad Khan.
Before his death in Herat, on June 9, 1863, Dost Mohammad Khan had nominated as his successor Sher Ali Khan, his third son, passing over the two elder brothers, Afzal Khan and Azam Khan.
Revenge would later be sought and obtained by Fateh Khan's youngest brother, Dost Mohammad Khan.
King Dost Mohammad Khan with one of his sons.
After the decline of the Durrani dynasty in 1823, Dost Mohammad Khan established the Barakzai dynasty after becoming the next Emir of Afghanistan.
It was not until 1826 that the energetic Dost Mohammad Khan was able to exert sufficient control over his brothers to take over the throne in Kabul, where he proclaimed himself the Shah.
Dost Mohammad achieved prominence among his brothers through clever use of the support of his mother's Qizilbash tribesmen and his own youthful apprenticeship under his brother, Fateh Khan.
Prince Akbar Khan, son of Dost Mohammad Khan.
After months of chaos in Kabul, Mohammad Akbar Khan secured local control and in April 1843 his father Dost Mohammad, who had been released by the British, returned to the throne in Afghanistan.
Mohammad Akbar Khan died in 1845.
Sher Ali Khan, his third son, and proclaimed successor, failed to recapture Kabul from his older brother, Mohammad Afzal ( whose troops were led by his son, Abdur Rahman ) until 1868, after which Abdur Rahman retreated across the Amu Darya and bided his time.
King Mohammad Yaqub Khan with Britain's Pierre Louis Napoleon Cavagnari | Sir Pierre Cavagnari on May 26, 1879, when the Treaty of Gandamak was signed.
With British forces occupying much of the country, Sher Ali's son and successor, Mohammad Yaqub Khan, signed the Treaty of Gandamak in May 1879 to prevent a British invasion of the rest of the country.
Ghazi Mohammad Jan Khan Wardak staged an uprising and attacked British forces near Kabul in the Siege of the Sherpur Cantonment in December 1879, but his defeat there resulted in the collapse of this rebellion.
Habibullah Khan, Abdur Rahman Khan's eldest son and child of a slave mother, kept a close watch on the palace intrigues revolving around his father's more distinguished wife ( a granddaughter of Dost Mohammad ), who sought the throne for her own son.
Mohammad and President
* 1902 – Mohammad Hatta, Indonesian politician, 1st Vice President of Indonesia ( d. 1980 )
* 1992 – General Abdul Rashid Dostum revolts against President Mohammad Najibullah of the Democratic Republic of Afghanistan and allies with Ahmed Shah Massoud to capture Kabul.
Vice-Admiral Syed Mohammad Ahsan, Chief of Naval Staff of Pakistan Navy, had previously served as political and military adviser of East Pakistan to former President Ayub Khan.
The USSR continued to support President Mohammad Najibullah ( former head of the Afghan secret service, KHAD ) until 1992.
The rebel groups were fighting to force the Soviet Union to withdraw from Afghanistan as well as to remove the Soviet-backed government of President Mohammad Najibullah.
Mohammad Najibullah Ahmadzai ( 6 August 194727 September 1996 ), better known mononymously as Najibullah or Najib, was President of Afghanistan from 1987 until 1992 when the Mujahideen took over Kabul.
* 1996 – In Afghanistan, the Taliban capture the capital city Kabul after driving out President Burhanuddin Rabbani and executing former leader Mohammad Najibullah.
General Agha Mohammad Yahya Khan Qizilbash, ( Urdu: آغا محمد یحیی خان قزلباش ; February 4, 1917 – August 10, 1980 ), was the senior Army Commander who was the third President of Pakistan, and the military dictator from 1969 until the dissolution of East-Pakistan, in December 16, 1971.
* May 23 – Mohammad Khatami won at 1997 Iranian presidential election and became first Iranian Reformist President.
** Mohammad Khatami, former President of Iran
** President Hossain Mohammad Ershad of Bangladesh is forced to resign following massive protests.
* September 27 – In Afghanistan, the Taliban capture the capital city of Kabul, after driving out President Burhanuddin Rabbani and executing former leader Mohammad Najibullah.
* September 28 – Mohammad Najibullah, former President of Afghanistan ( b. 1947 )
* April 16 – President of Afghanistan Mohammad Najibullah is ousted and detained by Muslim rebels moving towards Kabul, setting the stage for the civil war in Afghanistan ( 1992 – 1996 ).
Mohammad Amin al-Husayni founded the Jerusalem branch of the Syrian-based ' Arab Club ' ( El-Nadi al-arabi ), which then vied with the Nashashibi-sponsored ' Literary Club ' ( Al-Muntada al-Adabi ) for influence over public opinion, and he soon became its President.
However, in a 2006 interview, the former reformer President Mohammad Khatami said that Iran has also stated its willingness to accept a two-state solution if the Palestinians find this acceptable.
The government was divided along factional lines, with President Taraki and Deputy Prime Minister Hafizullah Amin of the Khalq faction against Parcham leaders such as Babrak Karmal and Mohammad Najibullah.
Karzai was, however, arrested by Mohammad Fahim ( Karzai's current Vice President ) on charges of spying for Gulbuddin Hekmatyar in what Karzai claimed was an effort to mediate between Hekmatyar's militia and the Islamic State.
His " Sunnylands " winter estate in Rancho Mirage, California ( near Palm Springs ) hosted gatherings with such people as President Ronald Reagan and First Lady Nancy Reagan, Frank Sinatra, Bob Hope, Bing Crosby, Charles, Prince of Wales and the late Mohammad Reza Pahlavi.
Politicians include the nationalist leader Mohammad Mosaddegh, Ayatollah Mohammad Beheshti, former Prime Minister Jamshid Amouzegar and the recent reformist President Mohammad Khatami.
The Pahlavi dynasty | Shah of Iran Mohammad Reza Pahlavi meeting with Arthur Atherton, William H. Sullivan, Vance, President Jimmy Carter, and Zbigniew Brzezinski in 1977.
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