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Mormon and non-Mormon scholars have also criticized the book as relying too heavily on environmental parallels without a proven connection to Smith's ideas and behavior, that it accepts at face value the disputed Howe-Hurlbut affidavits about Smith's New York reputation and behavior, a late 19th century newspaper account of a money-digging agreement involving Smith and his father, and that its central thesis is implausible without Mark Hofmann's " Salamander Letter "-- which turned out to be a forgery.
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Mormon and non-Mormon
As a key figure in the Utah War, he led U. S. troops who established a non-Mormon government in the formerly Mormon territory.
The Utah Mormon War ensued from 1857 to 1858, which resulted in the relatively peaceful invasion of Utah by the United States Army, after which Young agreed to step down from power and be replaced by a non-Mormon territorial governor, Alfred Cumming.
Atchison's law practice flourished, and his best-known client was Mormon leader Joseph Smith, Jr .. Atchison represented Smith in land disputes with non-Mormon settlers in Caldwell County and Daviess County.
No non-Mormon scholars acknowledge the existence of either a " reformed Egyptian " language or a " reformed Egyptian " script as it has been described in Mormon belief.
In the opinion of non-Mormon author Wesley Walters, apologists for the Mormon position treat Smith's reference to the " whole district of country " as if they referred to " some kind of statewide revival, without notice of the fact that he is talking about a revival that commenced with the Methodists ' in the place where we lived ' and then became general among all the sects in that region of country.
" As the sympathetic but non-Mormon historian Jan Shipps has written, " When the first generation of leadership died off, leaving the community to be guided mainly by men who had not known Joseph, the First Vision emerged as a symbol that could keep the slain Mormon leader at center stage.
Mormons and non-Mormon scholars have, on occasion, also discussed the similarities between Mormon beliefs in exaltation ( which as noted is a more literal belief in the Christian doctrine of deification ) and the beliefs of some Modern Christian faiths.
In 1958, Moss ran for the U. S. Senate against two-term incumbent Arthur V. Watkins, a close ally of both the Eisenhower administration and The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints ( see also Mormon ), and also against J. Bracken Lee, a non-Mormon and former two-term Utah governor ( 1949 – 57 ), who was running as an independent after losing to Watkins in the Republican primary.
Upon examination by professional Mormon and non-Mormon Egyptologists, the papyri were found to bear no resemblance to Joseph Smith's interpretation, and were common Egyptian funerary texts, dating to about the first century BC.
Packer's comments have raised criticism by some prominent Mormon and non-Mormon scholars.
Stories about their treatment circulated in nearby non-Mormon communities and increased the tension that led to the 1838 Mormon War.
Since the publication of the Book of Mormon in 1830, both Mormon and non-Mormon archaeologists have studied its claims in reference to known archaeological evidence.
Critics and non-Mormon archaeologists disagree with these conclusions, arguing that the Book of Mormon mentions several animals, plants, and technologies that are not substantiated by the archaeological record between 3100 BC to 400 AD in America, including the ass, cattle, horses, oxen, domesticated sheep, swine, goats, elephants ,< ref name = autogenerated2 >
Both Mormon and non-Mormon Egyptologists agree that the Book of Abraham, as published by Joseph Smith, is not a translation of these papyri, and that the papyri were not written by the Biblical Abraham.
At its formation, there were three non-Mormon members-Marenus G. Eaton, who had revealed a conspiracy against Joseph Smith by Nauvoo dissenters, Edward Bonney, whose brother was a Mormon but who later acted as prosecutor against Joseph Smith for his role in the destruction of the Nauvoo Expositor, and Uriah Brown.
Unlike more prevalent Biblical ( non-Mormon ) fundamentalist groups, who generally base their authority upon an unchanging and closed canon of scripture, Mormon fundamentalists generally hold to a concept of " continuing revelation " or " progressive revelation ", in which the canon of scripture may be continually augmented.
Some Mormon scholars and researchers speculate that the following archaeological sites and peoples may have ties to Lehi, or constitute evidence of the historicity of Lehi ( though these connections are not accepted by non-Mormon archaeologists ):
As non-Mormon scholars view the Book of Mormon as a work of fiction, and do not recognize Nephi as a historical figure, the predominant scholarly view is that the name was selected or coined by Joseph Smith, Jr. Based on a non-religious or secular perspective, hypotheses for the name's origin include:
According to Trento, such finds are consistent with the 19th-century " mound builder " literary setting in which the Book of Mormon is classed by non-Mormon specialists.
In the course of the conflict, non-Mormon vigilantes from neighboring counties came to Daviess and burned Mormon homes.
Roberts most important work was a comprehensive treatment of Mormon history, which he began in 1909 as a series of monthly articles for a non-Mormon magazine.
The People's Party would control Mayor's office until 1890 when the Liberal Party ( territorial non-Mormon party ) gained control of city government, partially because of anti-polygamy legislation which barred many Mormon polygamists from holding office.
During the conflict 22 people were killed ( 3 Mormons and 1 non-Mormon at Crooked River, one Mormon prisoner fatally injured while in custody, and 17 Mormons at Haun ’ s Mill ).
Notable contributors include Mormon historians Leonard J. Arrington, and Thomas G. Alexander, former Salt Lake City mayor Ted Wilson, noted non-Mormon LDS historian Jan Shipps, authors Steven R. Covey, Gerald N. Lund, and Richard Eyre, respected scholar and apologist Hugh Nibley, and a few members of LDS hierarchy like Paul Evans, H. David Burton, and Jeffery R. Holland.
Mormon and scholars
Some Mormon scholars view Lamanites as ( 1 ) one small tribe among many in the ancient Americas, the remainder of whom were not discussed in the Book of Mormon, ( 2 ) a tribe that intermarried with indigenous Native American cultures.
Several well-known Mormon apologetic organizations, such as the Foundation for Ancient Research and Mormon Studies ( a group of scholars at Brigham Young University ) and the Foundation for Apologetic Information & Research ( an independent, not-for-profit group ), have formed to defend the doctrines and history of the Latter Day Saint movement in general and The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in particular.
When discussing the Mormon Christian belief in eternal progression, various Mormon and non-LDS scholars generally refer to a couplet written by Lorenzo Snow, the fifth president of the LDS Church, which states as follows:
This doctrine is generally referred to by scholars both inside and outside Mormon Christianity as the Christian deification.
It has been noted by several LDS and non-LDS scholars that the LDS expression of this widely-held Christian doctrine is often misrepresented and misunderstood when applied to Mormon Christians.
Because of this alleged misunderstanding, several LDS scholars ( and occasionally LDS authorities and theologians ) have sought to clarify the beliefs of Mormon Christians regarding the subject of exaltation.
There have been many LDS and non-LDS scholars and historians who have noted the similarities between the Mormon belief of eternal progression and the espoused beliefs of the fathers of the early Christian Church, especially in relation to those patristic writings of the first, second, and third centuries A. D.
As noted by both LDS and non-LDS scholars of early Christianity, there exist many references to a more literal belief in deification in the writings of the Church Fathers ( which some LDS and non-LDS scholars and early Church historians claim most closely resemble the beliefs of Mormon Christians than the beliefs of any other modern faith group derived from the Christian tradition ), including, but certainly not limited to, the following:
Though Hofmann's " discoveries " of important Mormon documents often appeared to bolster the Tanners ' own arguments, Jerald had, by early 1984, concluded there was significant doubt as to the Salamander Letter's authenticity, and " to the astonishment of a community of scholars, historians and students, published an attack on the so-called Salamander Letter.
In addition to many superficial changes, this latter work contains significant redactions, deletions, and additions of new material to the older revelations, and the nature of these changes has been controversial, in part because these changes are not widely known by Mormon adherents, and in part because the changes have been used by secular Mormon scholars to support a hypothesis that Mormon theology developed gradually, and underwent theological reversals and significant changes.
Secular Mormon scholars argue that these changes reflect the changing doctrines of Joseph Smith, but Mormon apologetic scholars are more likely to hold that the changes are elaborations or clarifications of previously revealed doctrine.
Secular Mormon scholars generally assert that Smith originally claimed only to be charged with translating the Book of Mormon.
Mormon and have
The Mormon Corridor region, which has the highest Mormon populations, has been nicknamed the " Jell-O Belt ", referring to the 20th century Mormon cultural stereotype that Mormons have an affinity for Jell-O ( a gelatin-based food ).
The term has been embraced by most adherents of Mormonism, most notably Mormon fundamentalists, while other Latter Day Saint denominations, such as the Community of Christ, have rejected it.
Although black people have been members of Mormon congregations since Joseph Smith's time, before 1978, black membership was small.
The LDS Church seeks to distance itself from all such polygamous groups, excommunicating their members if discovered, and a majority of Mormon fundamentalists have never been members of the LDS Church.
In a separate context, members of minuscule " progressive " breakaway groups have also adopted the label Liberal Mormon.
Mormons have a scriptural canon consisting of the Bible, the Book of Mormon, and a collection of revelations and writings by Joseph Smith known as the Doctrine and Covenants and Pearl of Great Price.
The Book of Mormon is also believed to have been written by ancient prophets, and is viewed as a companion to the Bible.
Seeking to distance itself from polygamy and Mormon fundamentalism, the LDS Church has taken the position that the term Mormon should only apply to the LDS Church and its members, and not other adherents who have adopted the term.
Mormon – Muslim relations have been historically cordial, seldom involving Islamophobia or Anti-Mormonism ; recent years have seen increasing dialogue between adherents of the two faiths, and cooperation in charitable endeavors, especially in the Middle and Far East.
Among those angels, the revelation listed " Moroni, whom I have sent unto you to reveal the book of Mormon, containing the fulness of my everlasting gospel ; to whom I have committed the keys of the record of the stick of Ephraim " ( id .).
He may have been named after Captain Moroni, a much earlier Book of Mormon figure.
Much like Mormon ( who may have taken Amaleki as his model ), this last historian of the civilization that lasted for 400 years in the land of Nephi rose to the occasion and, filled with a sense of longing for what has been lost, eloquently recounted the last days of the Nephite people in their ancestral homeland, the land of Nephi.
However, others have suggested that there may be as few as 20, 000 Mormon fundamentalists with only 8, 000 to 15, 000 practicing polygamy.
Whereas his people will have the gospel and will ultimately be destroyed for wickedness, the children of Laman and Lemuel will be raised without a knowledge of the gospel, survive the generations, and be taught by the Book of Mormon and the future church.
The description almost immediately appears to be describing the persecution of Reformers and Protestant or pre-Protestant groups of people who suffered persecution and execution before, during, and after the Middle Ages, and this view seems to have been held by Bruce R. McConkie in his first edition of Mormon Doctrine.
Joseph Smith, Jr., who translated the Book of Mormon, is not known to have elaborated on the subject of these animals.
However, the animals have been a subject for discussion and speculation by Mormon thinkers and apologists.
Early Mormon apostle Orson Pratt might have identified cureloms as mammoths, though the context is unclear as to whether he is talking about Cureloms and Mammoths or Cureloms as Mammoths.
The curelom and cumom have appeared in Mormon literature.
* Words and Music: Only four musicals have won the Tony Award for Best Musical when a person had ( co -) written the Book ( non-sung dialogue and storyline ) and the Score ( music and lyrics ): 1958 winner The Music Man ( Meredith Willson – award for Book and Score did not exist that year ), 1986 winner The Mystery of Edwin Drood ( Rupert Holmes – who also won for Book and Score ), 1996 winner Rent ( Jonathan Larson – who also won for Book and Score ), and 2011 winner The Book of Mormon ( Trey Parker, Robert Lopez, and Matt Stone also won for Book and Score ).
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