Most of the still extant works of Aristotle, as well as a number of the original Greek commentaries, were translated into Arabic and studied by Muslim philosophers, scientists and scholars.

Medieval Muslim scholars regularly described Aristotle as the " First Teacher ".

The title " teacher " was first given to Aristotle by Muslim scholars, and was later used by Western philosophers ( as in the famous poem of Dante ) who were influenced by the tradition of Islamic philosophy.

Category: Muslim scholars

Although Muslim scholars have often debated over who this verse refers to, most classical commentators and modern translators have taken the opinion that this refers to Amram, the father of Moses and Aaron.

According to most Muslim scholars, the Ark of the Covenant has a religious basis in Islam, and Islam gives it special significance.

* List of Muslim scholars

* List of Muslim Christianity scholars

Although many hard-line and extremist Muslim societies have adopted capital punishment for other than the crime of murder, this is in violation of the Qur ' anic law mentioned above, and so is rejected by most orthodox commentators and scholars.

Some scholars have contended that the issue was a religious issue, between the Muslim lowland population desiring independence while the highland Christian population sought a union with Ethiopia.

Although he was not mentioned as one of the Prophets of Islam, he is considered as one of them by some Muslim scholars, based on Islamic traditions.

Although not mentioned in the Qur ' an by the name, all Muslim scholars, both classical and modern have included Ezekiel in the prophetic pantheon.

Early shariah had a much more flexible character, and some modern Muslim scholars believe that it should be renewed, and that the classical jurists should lose special status.

Many Muslim scholars argue that even though technology may have advanced, the fundamentals of human life have not and is in the scope of current laws.

In Morocco, where king Mohammed VI is also Amir al-Muminin ( Commander of the Faithful ), the authorities have tried to organize the field by creating a scholars ' council ( conseil des oulémas ) composed of Muslim scholars ( ulama ), which is the only one allowed to issue fatāwā.

Indian Muslim scholars issued a fatwā of death against Taslima Nasreen, an exiled controversial Bangladeshi writer.

Some Muslim scholars, have noted the similarity to the Greek " peryklytos " which can be translated as " admirable one "; or in Arabic, " Ahmad ".

Some Muslim scholars argue that the Gospel of Barnabas has been modified, thus inconsistency is observed.

Some Muslim scholars state that this references the Mahdi, an eschatological figure in Islam, who will help defeat al-Masih ad-Dajjal ( lit " the false messiah ", cf.

Most Muslim scholars have regarded the story as historically implausible, while opinion is divided among western scholars such as Leone Caetani and John Burton, who argue against, and William Muir and William Montgomery Watt, who argue for its plausibility.

Hadith studies are a number of methods of evaluation developed by early Muslim scholars in determining the veracity of reports attributed to Muhammad.

Therefore, many Muslim scholars, both classical ( Ibn Ishaq ) and modern ( Reza Aslan ), speak of Hosea as one of the true Hebrew prophets of Israel.

Sonni Ali was not a Muslim, and he was portrayed negatively by Berber-Arab scholars, especially for attacking Muslim Timbuktu.

The transfer of debt, which was " not permissible under Roman law but became widely practiced in medieval Europe, especially in commercial transactions ", was due to the large extent of the " trade conducted by the Italian cities with the Muslim world in the Middle Ages ".

* Along with the Yom Kippur War came the Arab oil embargo where the ( Muslim ) Persian Gulf oil-producing states ' dramatic decision to cut back on production and quadruple the price of oil, made the terms oil, Arabs and Islam synonymous – with power – in the world, and especially in the Muslim world's public imagination.

The madh ' hab he observed was Imam Al-Shafi ‘ i, with similar customs as he had seen in coastal India especially among the Mappila Muslim, who were also the followers of Imam Al-Shafi ‘ i. Ibn Battuta then sailed to Malacca, Vietnam, the Philippines and finally Quanzhou in Fujian province, China.

In later centuries, especially in the course of the colonization of large parts of the Muslim world, emphasis has been put on non-militant aspects of the jihad.

Slavery was less common than ransom, especially for prisoners of war ; the large numbers of prisoners taken during raids and battles every year ensured that ransom money flowed freely between the Christian and Muslim states.

He had begun with the rapid capture of the port of Damietta in June 1249, an attack which did cause some disruption in the Muslim Ayyubid empire, especially as the current sultan was on his deathbed.

Antisemitism in Sweden has been increasing after Gaza war in 2009, especially in Malmö, which has a large illegal Muslim community.

Conquered by the Ottoman army in the first half of the 15th century, the region remained a part of the Ottoman Empire for nearly 500 years, during which it gained a substantial Turkish minority, especially in the religious sense of Muslim ; some of those Muslims became so through conversions.

Though the Gaonic tradition, especially in its North African version, formed the basis of his legal thought, some scholars have argued recently that Muslim law, including Almohad legal thought, also had a substantial impact.

Also academics note that since much of what is known about Manichaeism comes from later 10th and 11th Century CE Islamic historians like Al-Biruni and especially the Shia Muslim Persian historian Ibn al-Nadim ( and his work Fihrist ); " Islamic authors ascribed to Mani the claim to be the Seal of the Prophets " This topic is discussed by an Israeli academic Guy G. Stroumsa

Mosques will often invite poorer members of the Muslim community to share in beginning and breaking the fasts, as providing charity during Ramadan is regarded in Islam as especially honorable.

Mormon – Muslim relations have been historically cordial, seldom involving Islamophobia or Anti-Mormonism ; recent years have seen increasing dialogue between adherents of the two faiths, and cooperation in charitable endeavors, especially in the Middle and Far East.

Today, Nasreddin stories are told in a wide variety of regions, especially across the Muslim world and have been translated into many languages.

Religious persecution is also prohibited, although religious persecution in Muslim majority states have occurred, especially during periods of cruel rulers and general economic hardships.

Notwithstanding the differences in beliefs, the Muslim Saladin was respected by Christian lords, Richard especially.

On the mainland, Muslim communities are concentrated in coastal areas, with some large Muslim majorities also in inland urban areas especially and along the former caravan routes.

In the Muslim World, however, it was a cultural zenith, especially in Spain under the Caliphate of Córdoba.

The cuisine was diverse, owing especially to the Portuguese cuisine and Muslim heritage, and seafood was also quite abundant.

Watson adds, " After examining the motives for the Muslim drive north of the Pyrenees, one can attach a macrohistorical significance to the encounter between the Franks and Andalusi Muslims at Tours-Poitiers, especially when one considers the attention paid to the Franks in Arabic literature and the successful expansion of Muslims elsewhere in the medieval period.

At the time of the Muslim invasion of Sindh, in the 7th century, the new kingdom of Hijaz launched trade ships to India especially Sindh.

In 924 Muslim sources describe Pamplona as " not being especially gifted by nature ", with its inhabitants being poor, not eating enough and dedicating to banditry.