It was originally detailed in a research paper by NASA engineers Robert Zubrin and David Baker in 1990, and later expanded upon in Zubrin's 1996 book The Case for Mars.

The first flight of Columbia ( STS-1 ) was commanded by John Young, a Gemini and Apollo veteran who was the ninth person to walk on the Moon in 1972, and piloted by Robert Crippen, a rookie astronaut originally selected to fly on the military's Manned Orbital Laboratory ( MOL ) spacecraft, but transferred to NASA after its cancellation, and served as a support crew member for the Skylab and Apollo-Soyuz missions.

Endeavour was originally scheduled to be decommissioned in 2010 after 18 years of service, but on July 1, 2010, NASA released a statement saying the Endeavour mission was rescheduled for February 27, 2011, instead of late November, 2010.

NASA set up the Apollo Logistic Support System Office, originally intended to study various ways to modify the Apollo hardware for scientific missions.

Vangelis performed live and released Mythodea, a predominantly orchestral rather than electronic piece that was originally written in 1993, and used by NASA as the theme for the Mars Odyssey mission in 2001.

Challenger was originally built and used as a Structural Test Article ( STA-099 ) but was converted to a complete shuttle when this was found to be less expensive than converting Enterprise from its Approach and Landing Test configuration, according to NASA.

The radio waves were originally thought to be generated by turbulence in the radiation belts, but recent work by James Green of the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center comparing maps of lightning activity collected by the Micro Lab 1 spacecraft with data on radio waves in the radiation-belt gap from the IMAGE spacecraft suggests that they are actually generated by lightning within Earth's atmosphere.

The name Beowulf originally referred to a specific computer built in 1994 by Thomas Sterling and Donald Becker at NASA.

After the flood Piper gave 32 written-off PA-28s, PA-31s and PA-23 Aztecs to NASA, which used them for crash tests at the Langley Research Center, using a rig originally built to simulate spacecraft landings on the moon for the Apollo program.

* NASTRAN, finite element analysis program originally developed by and for NASA.

The center, originally known as the Manned Spacecraft Center, grew out of the Space Task Group formed soon after the creation of NASA to co-ordinate the US manned spaceflight program.

Although time-sensitive equipment movements of this nature were originally to be handled by Air Force cargo planes, NASA altered those plans and moved the equipment in two dedicated trains over the 1, 000-mile distance via the Santa Fe Railroad and the Southern Pacific Railroad.

This article was originally based on material from NASA ( NSSDC ) information on Zond 3

This article was originally based on material from NASA ( NSSDC ) information on Zond 5

This article was originally based on material from NASA ( NSSDC ) information on Zond 6

This article was originally based on material from NASA ( NSSDC ) information on Zond 7

This article was originally based on material from NASA ( NSSDC ) information on Zond 8

Modern dry suits have a waterproof zipper for entry and exit which was originally developed by NASA to hold air inside astronaut space suits.

Gemini 4's crew originally intended to call their spacecraft American Eagle, but this was rejected after NASA management issued a memo saying that they did not want a repeat performance of the previous mission, on which Gus Grissom had named his spacecraft Molly Brown.

LISA was originally recommended in the 2010 U. S. National Research Council decadal report on astronomy and astrophysics as one of two large space missions to be implemented by NASA in the upcoming decade.

NASA originally planned for Viking 1 to land on Mars on July 4, but the landing was delayed to July 20th, the anniversary of the Apollo 11 lunar landing.

In 1961, NASA originally planned to have the Gemini spacecraft land on a firm, solid ground runway with a Rogallo wing airfoil, rather than as a splashdown with parachute.

NASA space shuttles originally landed at Edwards because the lake beds offer a vast landing area.

This article is originally based on Claude Nicollier's bibliography from NASA, which is in the public domain.

NASA planned to refit the prototype orbiter Enterprise ( OV-101 ), used for flight testing, as the second operational orbiter.

Following the Columbia accident, NASA flew the STS-125 mission using Atlantis, combining the planned fourth and fifth servicing missions into one final visit to Hubble.

" The target dates were adjusted because critical payload hardware for STS-133 will not be ready in time to support the previously planned 16 September launch ," NASA said in a statement.

With the Discovery launch moving to November, Endeavour mission " cannot fly as planned, so the next available launch window is in February 2011 ," NASA said, adding that the launch dates are subject to change.

Originally a United States partner probe was planned that would accompany Giotto, but this fell through due to budget cuts at NASA.

* Vesper mission, a planned Venus chemistry and dynamics orbiter of the NASA Discovery Program

The Voyager Mars Program was a planned series of unmanned NASA probes to the planet Mars.

After JIMO, NASA and ESA planned a joint mission to Jupiter's moons, the Europa Jupiter System Mission.

been studied and planned jointly by ESA and NASA.

On the anniversary of the signing of the Constitution, NASA held the rollout ceremony of the first space shuttle ( which NASA had planned to name Constitution ).

The Rogers Commission offered nine recommendations on improving safety in the space shuttle program, and NASA was directed by President Reagan to report back within thirty days as to how it planned to implement those recommendations.

A formal farewell was planned at NASA headquarters after the Memorial Day holiday and was televised on NASA TV.

NASA had planned to acquire data on the crew members ' exposure to long periods of zero gravity, and its effects on the crew's performance while landing the orbiter after an extended mission.

In August 2009, the NASA assistant associate administrator for the Launch Services Program stated that NASA might purchase additional Delta II launches beyond those it had planned at that time.

A small animal cage was flown containing six rats ; no animal experiment was carried out on the flight, but a student involvement project was planned for a later mission which would use the cage, and NASA wanted to ensure it was flight-tested.

On June 2, 2005, following a critical review of the project's planning progress and preliminary design, NASA approved the mission to proceed as planned.

NASA planned to develop different Orion capsules tailored for specific missions.

Unlike the Saturn V and Space Shuttle, where the crew and cargo were launched together on the same rocket, NASA planned to use two separate launch vehicles for the Constellation Program – the Ares I for crew and the Ares V for cargo.

On January 14, 2004 President George W. Bush requested NASA develop a proposal for continuing manned space exploration after the completion of the International Space Station and the planned retirement of the Space Shuttle program in 2010.