After Napoleon's 1807 invasion of Poland, Niemcewicz returned to Warsaw and was made secretary of the senate.

After Napoleon's final defeat, the Congress of Vienna re-established the sovereignty of the Papal States over central Italy and Cappellari was called back to Rome to assume the post of Camaldolese vicar general.

The young French conscripted soldiers were called " Marie-Louise " ( after Napoleon's second wife ) because many were too young to have a beard.

The first, called the Army of Italy, had marched from northern Italy to the main theatre of operations north of Vienna and was led by Napoleon's stepson, the Viceroy of Italy, Prince Eugène.

Campo Formio, now called Campoformido, is a village west of Udine in north-eastern Italy, in the middle between Austrian headquarters in Udine and Napoleon's residence.

However, Austria and Russia gave him no time for anything but defense, and it was not until the Peace of Iaşi ( 1792 ) that a breathing space was allowed him in Europe, while Napoleon's invasion of Egypt and Syria soon called for Turkey's strongest efforts.

Then, as part of Napoleon's plans for a more monumental Paris, Fontanes, the president of the Corps législatif as it was now called, commissioned the magnificent pedimented portico by architect Bernard Poyet, added to the front of the Palais that faces the Place de la Concorde from the south.

The second part of the narrative, called Codes to the Novel is set in 1812, during Napoleon's invasion of Russia.

( In fact, though Acre was not conquered, Napoleon's Imperial Guard did come to be informally called " The Immortals.

After the retreat of Napoleon's army, left behind Bichons, primarily the Bolognese and Bichon Frisé, were bred into a unique breed called the Franzuskaya Bolonka.

* Bright Eyes recorded a song called " Napoleon's Hat " for Lagniappe, an album released by Saddle Creek Records to raise funds for the Red Cross ' Hurricane Katrina relief efforts.

It was the headquarters of the customs administration in the nineteenth century, and tourist hotel called the Hotel d ' Elba, after Napoleon's expulsion to Elba.

On this same day, Dąbrowski called Poles to stand with arms on Napoleon's side and fight against Prussian occupation.

His counterattacks defeated, Dupont called for an armistice and was compelled to sign the Convention of Andújar which stipulated the surrender of almost 18, 000 men, making Bailén the worst disaster and capitulation of the Peninsular War, and the first major defeat of Napoleon's Grande Armée.

There is a casino called Napoleon's built on the car park.

The time between the Glorious Revolution of 1688 and Napoleon's final capitulation in 1815 has been perceived in Britain as a prolonged Franco-British conflict to determine who would be the dominant colonial power ( sometimes called the Second Hundred Years ' War ).

Part-way to England, it had the unusual distinction of being the first British Army unit to formally visit Napoleon's tomb on St. Helena, when one of the ships carrying the regimental headquarters called there.

# Louis Bonaparte ( 1778 – 1846 ) married Hortense de Beauharnais, Napoleon's stepdaughter

On 28 October 1836, Prince Louis-Napoleon, son of Napoleon's brother, Louis, King of Holland attempted to overthrow the July Monarchy in a coup d ' état.

Because of the ambiguity surrounding Louis Napoleon's political positions, his agenda as president was very much in doubt.

King Louis did not perform to Napoleon's expectations — he tried to serve Dutch interests instead of his brother's — and the kingdom was dissolved in 1810 after which the Netherlands were annexed by France until 1813.

Napoleon's brother Louis Bonaparte was installed as King of Holland on 5 June 1806.

Exemplary for the innovation in Napoleon's heraldry are the two hands coming out of clouds from behind the shield holding swords, designating King Louis as Connétable de France.

Thanks to his older brother, Napoleon, Louis was given a commission in the French Military, and was promoted to Lieutenant in the 4th Artillery Regiment, and from there he was made Aide de Camp on Napoleon's staff.

After becoming the First Consul, Napoleon arranged for a marriage between Louis and Hortense de Beauharnais, the daughter of Empress Josephine, and hence Napoleon's stepdaughter.

Louis XVIII and his nephew departed for Sweden in July for a Bourbon family conference, where Louis XVIII, the comte d ’ Artois, and the duc d ' Angoulême issued a statement condemning Napoleon's decision to declare himself emperor.

Louis XVIII took a large interest in the goings-on of the Congress of Vienna ( set up to redraw the map of Europe after Napoleon's demise ).

Louis XVIII returned to France promptly after Napoleon's defeat, to ensure his second restoration " in baggage train of the enemy ", i. e. with Wellington's troops.

Louis XVIII ’ s government executed Napoleon's Marshal Ney, Prince de la Moskowa, in December 1815 for treason.

The day after Napoleon's abdication, a Commission of Government of five members took the rule of France, awaiting the return of King Louis XVIII, who was in Le Cateau-Cambrésis.

Louis XVIII's restoration to the throne in 1814 was effected largely through the support of Napoleon's former foreign minister, < span lang =" fr "> Talleyrand </ span >, who convinced the victorious Allied Powers of the desirability of a < span lang =" fr "> Bourbon </ span > Restoration.

The Allies had initially split on the best candidate for the throne: Britain favoured the Bourbons, the Austrians considered a regency for Napoleon's son, François Bonaparte, and the Russians were open to either the duc d ' Orléans, Louis Philippe, or Jean-Baptiste Bernadotte, Napoleon's former Marshal, who was in line for the Swedish throne.

Louis was forced to flee Paris to Ghent on 19 March, but returned after the Battle of Waterloo ended Napoleon's rule of the Hundred Days.

In Louis ' absence, a small revolt in the traditionally pro-royalist Vendée was put down, but there were otherwise few subversive acts favouring the Restoration, even though Napoleon's popularity began to flag.

Napoleon III, known as " Louis-Napoléon " prior to becoming Emperor, was the nephew of Napoleon I by his brother Louis Bonaparte, who married Hortense de Beauharnais, the daughter by the first marriage of Napoleon's wife Joséphine de Beauharnais.

In 1802, at Napoleon's request, Hortense married his brother Louis Bonaparte.

Louis Napoleon's death caused an international sensation, and in one slanderous account Queen Victoria was accused of deliberately arranging the whole thing.

During Napoleon's exile in Elba, the restored Bourbons ordered a search for the corpses of Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette.

Joséphine had her daughter Hortense marry Napoleon's brother Louis.

The restored Bourbon king Louis XVIII made him a peer of France on 4 June, with a seat in the upper house, but, having commanded one of Napoleon's armies on the Alpine frontier during the Hundred Days, he was deprived of his peerage on 24 July 1815.

The British, who had abolished the slave trade in their empire in 1807, forced Napoleon's successor, Louis XVIII to retain the proscription, though it did not become truly effective until 1831.

The Hundred Days, sometimes known as the Hundred Days of Napoleon or Napoleon's Hundred Days for specificity, marked the period between Emperor Napoleon I of France's return from exile on Elba to Paris on 20 March 1815 and the second restoration of King Louis XVIII on 8 July 1815 ( a period of 111 days ).

On Napoleon's abdication, he rallied to the new government, and was made a Peer of France by the Bourbon Restoration King Louis XVIII.

During Napoleon's captivity in Elba, Berthier, whom he informed of his projects, was much perplexed as to his future course, and, being unwilling to commit him, fell under the suspicion both of his old leader and of Louis XVIII.

Napoleon's original motto, " Ils s ' instruisent pour vaincre " (" They study to overcome / conquer / win "), was changed by the restoration king, Louis XVIII, to: " Ils s ' instruisent pour la Défense de la Patrie " (" They study for the Defence of the Fatherland ").

He remained neutral during Napoleon's return, the ' Hundred Days ', feeling himself bound to Louis XVIII by his engagements as a Peer of France, but after Waterloo he was punished for refusing to take part in the court martial of Marshal Ney by imprisonment and the loss of his marshalate and peerage.

This Constitution was amended, first, by the Constitution of the Year X, which made Napoleon First Consul for Life, more extensively altered by the Constitution of the Year XII which established the Bonaparte dynasty with Napoleon as a hereditary Emperor, abolished by the first, brief Bourbon Restoration of 1814, revived and at once virtually replaced by the so-called " Additional Act " of April 1815 promulgated on Napoleon's brief return ; and definitively abolished by the return of Louis XVIII later in 1815 ( following the Hundred Days ).

Upon Napoleon's fall, the restored monarchy of Louis XVIII of France ordered all eagles to be destroyed and only a very small number escaped.

Upon Napoleon's fall, the restored monarchy of Louis XVIII of France ordered all eagles to be destroyed and only a very small number escaped.

During the Hundred Days, the government of Louis XVIII of France frantically tried to stop Napoleon's march on Paris.

King Louis XVIII, brother of Louis XVI, was installed on the throne as King of France following Napoleon's overthrow.

From this time forward he was engaged in a ceaseless polemic against every fresh advance of the Napoleonic power and pretensions ; with matchless sarcasm he lashed the nerveless policy of courts which suffer indignity with resignation ; he denounced the recognition of Napoleon's imperial title, and drew up a manifesto of Louis XVIII against it.

Condemned to death in 1816, he did not return to France until after Napoleon's death, and then Louis XVIII granted him amnesty allowing him to retain his rank.