These were called FidoNet Technology Networks ( FTNs ).

Companies that produced network equipment like Nortel Networks were irrevocably damaged by such over-extension ; Nortel declared bankruptcy in early 2009.

All of the above were part-time activities he assumed in conjunction with his primary position as Director of the Computer Networks Division (" Division 7 ") of the Information Sciences Institute at the University of Southern California.

During the past few years, Sharman Networks and its business partners and associates were the target of copyright-related lawsuits, related to the copyright of content distributed via Kazaa Media Desktop on the FastTrack protocol.

On 6 February 2005, the homes of two Sharman Networks executives and the offices of Sharman Networks in Australia were raided under a court order by ARIA to gather evidence for the trial.

Sharman Networks responded with a lawsuit against the RIAA, alleging that the terms of use of the network were violated and that unauthorized client software ( such as Kazaa Lite, see below ) was used in the investigation to track down the individual file sharers.

Networks were in existence at around 12, 000 BCE Anatolia was the source primarily for trade with the Levant, Iran and Egypt according to Zarins study of 1990.

Wide Area Networks were later designed by RTU vendors to communicate with the RTU.

Networks that had logos based on Discovery's were Animal Planet, Travel Channel, Discovery Science, Discovery Wings and Discovery Home & Leisure.

This television channel, that launched on April 18, 1998, was aimed at children ages 6 – 12 ; the network's main competition were Turner Broadcasting / Time Warner's Cartoon Network and Boomerang, and Viacom / MTV Networks ' Nicktoons.

Market capitalization of Nortel Networks declined from $ 398 billion to less than $ 5 billion, and more than 60, 000 people were laid off by the company.

These audio shorts were first produced for Envision Radio Networks and debuted in 2007 on New York station WAXQ-FM.

Networks were connected together in a hierarchical manner until they spanned cities, countries, continents, and oceans.

On April 22, 2008, distributor StreamCast Networks filed for Chapter 7 bankruptcy after a long legal battle with music companies ; all of their employees were laid off and the official download at www. morpheus. com stopped being available, though for a small period the website remained online.

After lawsuits were filed by members of the music and motion picture industry in the USA, Kazaa was sold to Sharman Networks.

39 episodes were made, however, MTV Networks International Distribution says 27 episodes were made.

Several sensationalist and anti-Catholic books published during the 1980s and 1990s, such as Unholy Trinity: How the Vatican's Nazi Networks Betrayed Western Intelligence to the Soviets, Genocide in Satellite Croatia 1941 – 1945 and The Vatican's Holocaust, were highly critical of the Institute for Works of Religion's historical relations with anti-communist governments and especially with the Independent State of Croatia during World War II.

Development and manufacturing of their various telephony products generally took place in the US, and then, to avoid duty, were manufactured in Canada at their Northern Electric subsidiary ( which would later become Nortel Networks ), the Canadian analog to the US Western Electric.

The Trans-European Networks ( TEN ) were created by the European Union by Articles 154-156 of the Treaty of Rome ( 1957 ), with the stated goals of the creation of an internal market and the reinforcement of economic and social cohesion.

Networks were connected in a hierarchical manner until they spanned cities, countries, continents and oceans.

In June 2009, it was reported that A & E's partners – Hearst, Disney, and NBCUniversal – were in talks to add Lifetime ( then jointly owned by Hearst and Disney ) to the A & E Television Networks partnership.

On December 20, 2010, seven companies were added to the NASDAQ-100 index prior to the market open: F5 Networks, Akamai Technologies, Netflix, Micron Technology, Whole Foods Market, Ctrip. com International and Dollar Tree.

As he suggested in his presentation to the " Community for Interactive Media ", " Static media is on its way out, and if Networks would like to stay in the game, they must adapt to consumers needs.

Ambient Networks aims to provide a unified networking concept that can adapt to the very heterogeneous environment of different radio technologies and service and network environments.

Intelligent Networks: Basic Technology, Standards and Evolution, Thompson Computer Press, 1996.

* Moerdijk, A-J ; & Klostermann, L. Opening the Networks with Parlay / OSA: Standards and Aspects Behind the APIs.

HiperMAN ( High Performance Radio Metropolitan Area Network ) is a standard created by the European Telecommunications Standards Institute ( ETSI ) Broadband Radio Access Networks ( BRAN ) group to provide a wireless network communication in the 2-11 GHz bands across Europe and other countries which follow the ETSI standard.

The IEEE Standards Board established a working group in 1999 to develop standards for broadband for Wireless Metropolitan Area Networks.

* IEEE Std 802-1990: IEEE Standards for Local and Metropolitan Networks: Overview and Architecture New York: 1990

* " Toxic Trade: International Knowledge Networks & the Development of the Basel Convention ," Jason Lloyd, International Public Policy Review, UCL link.

There are 25 scientific R & D institutions focusing on telecommunications, radio technology, theoretical and applied physics, and 33 higher educational institutions, among them are Nizhny Novgorod State Medical Academy, Nizhny Novgorod State University, Nizhny Novgorod Technical University, as well as Nizhny Novgorod Institute of Information Technologies ( former MERA Networks training center ), that focuses on information technologies, software development, system administration, telecommunications, cellular networks, Internet technologies, and IT management.

The original Viacom was renamed CBS Corporation and got the broadcasting elements, Paramount Television's production operations ( renamed CBS Paramount Television, now two separate arms, CBS Television Studios for production and CBS Television Distribution for syndicated program distribution ), Viacom Outdoor advertising ( renamed CBS Outdoor ), Showtime Networks, Simon & Schuster and Paramount Parks, which the company later sold, while the new Viacom kept Paramount Pictures, MTV Networks, BET Networks, and ( until it was sold off in 2007 ) Famous Music.

In 2000, a documentary about his life and involvement in the emergence of Rock and Roll called " Sam Phillips: The Man Who Invented Rock ' n ' Roll " was released by A & E Television Networks.

Current members of the board of directors of Monsanto are: David L. Chicoine, president of South Dakota State University ; Hugh Grant, the president and CEO of Monsanto ; Arthur H. Harper, managing partner of GenNx360 Capital Partners ; Gwendolyn King, president of Podium Prose, a speakers bureau ; Laura K. Ipsen, senior VP and general manager of Connected Energy Networks at Cisco Systems, Inc., C. Steven McMillan, former chairman and CEO of the Sara Lee Corporation ; William U. Parfet, chief executive officer of MPI Research Inc .; Janice L. Fields, president of McDonald's USA ; George H. Poste, chief executive of Health Technology Networks ; and Jon R. Moeller, chief financial officer of The Procter & Gamble Company.

* Beyer, Rick, The Greatest Stories Never Told, A & E Television Networks / The History Channel, ISBN 0-06-001401-6

* Magnet Networks now offers viewers in Ireland the chance to view RTÉ One, RTÉ Two, TV3, TG4, 3e and Dail & Seanad TV channels via the internet.

* Manitoba Education Research & Learning Information Networks

The satellite space was utilized by corporate parent MTV Networks to launch Gay & Lesbian centric network, Logo.

On August 27, 2009, A & E Television Networks, the owner of A & E, History and others, acquired Lifetime Entertainment Services.

Though the channel is owned by another subsidiary company operated as a joint venture, Lifetime and its cable networks remain under the co-ownership of The Walt Disney Company and Hearst Corporation, though NBC Universal became partial owner of the Lifetime channels as well since NBCU already was a part owner of A & E Television Networks.

* Cellular Mobile Networks: In cellular mobile communication ( GSM & LTE Systems, for instance ), frequency spectrum is a precious resource which is divided into non-overlapping spectrum bands which are assigned to different cells ( In cellular communications, a cell refers to the hexagonal / circular area around the base station antenna ).

In television, the vast majority of broadcast and basic cable networks, over a hundred in all, are controlled by nine corporations: News Corporation ( the Fox family of channels ), The Walt Disney Company ( which includes the ABC, ESPN and Disney brands ), CBS Corporation, Viacom, Comcast ( which includes the NBC brands ), Time Warner, Discovery Communications, E. W. Scripps Company, Cablevision, or some combination thereof ( examples including the aforementioned The CW as well as A & E Networks, which is a consortium of Comcast and Disney ).

* Among other assets, Disney owns ABC, Buena Vista Motion Pictures Group, and ESPN ; it is a partner in A & E Networks, which includes History, A & E, and Lifetime.

* Comcast owns a controlling stake in NBC Universal ( 51 %), The Weather Channel, G4, Versus, style., E !, a share of A & E Networks, Comcast SportsNet, the Philadelphia Flyers and the Philadelphia 76ers.

* The estate of William Randolph Hearst, doing business as Hearst Corporation, owns minority shares in ESPN Inc. and A & E Networks, King Features Syndicate, and fifteen newspapers along with 29 local television stations.

Other Las Colinas companies with offices in Las Colinas include Abbott Laboratories, AAA-Texas, AT & T, The Big 12 Conference Headquarters, Citigroup, General Motors, Microsoft, NEC America, Nokia, Nokia Siemens Networks, Oracle, Research in Motion, Stellar, Verizon, Zale Corporation, VHA Corporation, PNM Resources, Inc., First Choice Power, Westwood One, TRT Holdings, Inc. Flowserve.