Until 1934 the Borough of Penzance referred only to the town, but has since been extended to include the nearby settlements of Newlyn, Mousehole, Gulval and Heamoor.

Until the mid-20th century an ancient stone cross was present on this route at " Park an Grouse " ( The Field of the Cross ), this cross was one site of veneration of the Cornish sea deity Bucca, ( others were the beaches of Newlyn and Mousehole ) the name ' Bucca ' has often been used as a nickname for people resident in Newlyn: the location of the cross is now unknown.

Previously it has been home to both Madron Cricket Club & Penzance & Newlyn Rugby Club 2nd 15.

The Newlyn School was an art colony of artists based in or near Newlyn, a fishing village adjacent to Penzance, Cornwall, from the 1880s until the early twentieth century.

Situated in the shelter of Mount's Bay, the town faces south-east onto the English Channel, is bordered to the west by the fishing port of Newlyn, to the north by the civil parish of Madron and to the east by the civil parish of Ludgvan.

A comparison of the settlements in West Cornwall can be made with the annual payments, based on the number of fishing boats, made to the Duchy of Cornwall in 1337: Porthia ( St Ives ) £ 6 ; Mosehole ( Mousehole ) £ 5 ; Marcasion ( Marazion ) £ 3 ; Pensanns ( Penzance ) 12s ( 60p ); Londeseynde ( Land's End, ( Sennen Cove ) 10s ( 50p ); Nywelyn ( Newlyn ) 10s ; and Portmynster ( Porthminster, St Ives ) 2s ( 10p ).

Newlyn () is a town and fishing port in southwest Cornwall, England, United Kingdom.

The principal industry in Newlyn is fishing.

Newlyn Harbour is first recorded in 1435 by the Bishop of Exeter ; later large-scale improvements to the harbour led to Newlyn becoming the predominant fishing port in Mount's Bay.

The harbour was bombed during the war, hitting the collier ' Greenhithe ', which was beached in the harbour at the time and supplied coal to the east coast drifters, which travelled to Newlyn during the mackerel fishing season between the wars.

Newlyn's economy is largely dependent on its harbour and the associated fishing industry ; Newlyn harbour is the largest fishing port in England.

Newlyn harbour is the largest deep sea fishing port in England in terms of the value of fish landed ( turnover >£ 18 million 2004 ) and contributes 2 % of the region's GDP.

The Newlyn fleet utilises a variety of catching methods, however, the vessels are comparatively small and mostly owned by their skippers in comparison with the large factory boats of Spain and France with whom they share their fishing grounds.

* PZ 87 The Rosebud, the fishing vessel that sailed to London in 1937 to protest the Newlyn Clearances

This brought the conflict to European waters when a Cornish fishing boat, the Newlyn, then flying the Canadian flag was beset by a French ship that believed it to be Canadian.

On 21 December 1940, he set sail from Newlyn to Plogoff in Brittany on a fishing boat, the Marie-Louise, along with his 20-year-old radio operator Alfred Gaessler, a German-speaking Alsatian, codenamed Georges Marty.

Often called ' the father of the Newlyn School ', Forbes's painting A Fish Sale on a Cornish Beach ( 1885 ), brought national recognition to the eponymous art colony that had grown up around that fishing village in the far west of Cornwall.

The part of the village which now contains the fish market was known as " Streetanowan ", this was separated at high tide from " Newlyn Town " the site of the lower part of the modern harbour being reclaimed land and formerly a beach.

In 1983 a new lifeboat station ( still known as ' Penlee ') was opened nearby at Newlyn where a faster, larger boat could be kept moored afloat in the harbour.

The Newlyn School in England is considered another major proponent of the technique in the latter 19th century.

For example, in the United Kingdom the reference point is Newlyn, while in Canada, Mexico and the United States, the point is near Rimouski, Quebec, Canada.

( For example, in Great Britain, the national vertical datum, Ordnance Datum Newlyn, is based on what was mean sea level at Newlyn in Cornwall between 1915 and 1921 ).

The boat was transferred to the neighbouring Penlee Lifeboat Station at Newlyn on the other side of Mounts Bay where there is a larger population to draw the crews from.

For example, the Ordnance Survey uses a height datum based on the measurements of mean sea level at a particular gauge at Newlyn, Cornwall from 1915 to 1921 for their maps of Great Britain, and this datum is actually some 80 cm different from the mean sea level reading obtained on the other side of the country.

Newlyn Harbour in Cornwall, UK is home to the National Tidal and Sea Level Facility which is a reference for mean sea level.

Newlyn forms a conurbation with the neighbouring town of Penzance and is part of Penzance civil parish, and is the southernmost town on the British mainland ( though not the most southerly settlement ).

It was common for villagers to climb the relatively steep route from " Newlyn Cliff " to Paul via the area which is now known as Gwavas to worship at Paul Church.

Newlyn is located in southern Cornwall, just south of Penzance.

The UK National Tidal and Sea Level Facility ( NTSLF ) maintains a tidal observatory at Newlyn, and the UK Fundamental Benchmark is maintained there.

He was attracted to Cornwall by the Newlyn group of artists but he ended up starting a second group based around his adopted home of Lamorna.

A present day Newlyn School of Art was formed in 2011 with Arts Council funding providing art courses taught by many of the best known artists working in Cornwall today.

The company's type library features fonts by Mark Andresen, Bob Aufuldish, Jonathan Barnbrook, Rodrigo Cavazos, Barry Deck, Eric Donelan, John Downer, Elliott Peter Earls, Edward Fella, Sibylle Hagmann, Frank Heine, John Hersey, Jeffery Keedy, Zuzana Licko, P. Scott Makela, Conor Mangat, Nancy Mazzei, Brian Kelly, Miles Newlyn, Claudio Piccinini, Just van Rossum, Christian Schwartz and Rudy VanderLans.

Before the rise of Newlyn as an important settlement the landing rights and most property within the Newlyn area were owned by the Manor of Alverton.

In fact Newlyn comprises three discrete hamlets all previously separated by bodies of water, being Tolcarne, Street-an-Nowan and Trewarveneth.

During the 19th century Newlyn was the scene of the Newlyn riots following protests over the landing of fish on a Sunday by fishermen from the North of England, the local Cornish fishermen being members of the Methodist church and as such strong supporters of sabbatarianism.

The Ordnance Survey, the United Kingdom's mapping agency, used to base all elevations including mapped contour lines and spot heights on the mean sea level at Newlyn defined by this benchmark ( see Ordnance Datum Newlyn ).

In September 2011, a contemporary Newlyn School of Art was formed with Arts Council funding which offers short courses taught by some of the most well known artists working in Cornwall today in disciplines such as painting, drawing, printmaking, stone carving and art history.

The current largest collection of work by the Newlyn School is held by Penlee House Gallery and Museum in nearby Penzance.

Mousehole, like Penzance, Newlyn, and Paul, was destroyed in the 1595 raid on Mount's Bay by Spaniard Carlos de Amésquita, the only surviving building being the ' Keigwin Arms ', a local pub.

A highly accomplished landscape artist in her own right, exhibited at the Royal West of England Academy ( RWA ), the Royal Academy of Arts, The Royal Institute of Painters in Water Colours, the Medici Gallery, Penwith Gallery, Newlyn Gallery and many others, she is noted for her distinctive, abstractive approach to colour, light and form inspired by the landscapes of the Mediterranean and the western counties of Cornwall, Devon and Somerset.

Guided by Denis Mitchell, he joined the Penwith Society of Arts in 1957, and the Newlyn Society of Artists.