Devastated, Pasternak went immediately to the offices of Izvestia and begged Nikolai Bukharin to intercede on Mandelstam's behalf.

Sitting ( from left ): Avel Enukidze, Mikhail Kalinin, Nikolai Bukharin, Mikhail Tomsky, Mikhail Lashevich, Lev Kamenev, Yevgeni Preobrazhensky, Leonid Serebryakov, Vladimir Lenin and Alexei Rykov

As a result of this relentless violence more than a few Chekists ended up with psychopathic disorders, which Nikolai Bukharin said were " an occupational hazard of the Chekist profession.

During the heated debates in the Central Committee about a possible peace with the Germans, Lenin did not have a majority ; both Trotsky and Nikolai Bukharin had more support for their own position than Lenin.

Following Lenin's forced departure due to ill health, a power struggle began, which involved Nikolai Bukharin, Lev Kamenev, Alexei Rykov, Joseph Stalin, Mikhail Tomsky, Leon Trotsky and Grigory Zinoviev.

At the very least, Marxism had now been born, and " historical materialism " had become a distinct philosophical doctrine, subsequently elaborated and systematised by intellectuals like Eduard Bernstein, Karl Kautsky, Georgi Plekhanov and Nikolai Bukharin.

After being refused recognition as official representative of the Bolshevik regime, Radek alongside other delegates ( Adolph Joffe, Nikolai Bukharin, Christian Rakovsky and Ignatov ) to the German Congress of Soviets.

Left Communists, led by Nikolai Bukharin, continued to believe that there could be no peace between a Soviet republic and a capitalist country and that only a revolutionary war leading to a pan-European Soviet republic would bring a durable peace.

In April 1925 Nikolai Bukharin elaborated the issue in his brochure Can We Build Socialism in One Country in the Absence of the Victory of the West-European Proletariat?

After Lenin ’ s death ( 21 January 1924 ), Trotsky ideologically battled the influence of Stalin, who formed ruling blocs within the Russian Communist Party ( with Grigory Zinoviev and Lev Kamenev, then with Nikolai Bukharin, and then by himself ) and so determined soviet government policy from 1924 onwards.

From 1925 to 1927, Stalin abandoned his triumvirate with Kamenev and Zinoviev and formed an alliance with the most right-wing elements of the party, Nikolai Bukharin, Alexei Rykov, and Mikhail Tomsky.

# REDIRECT Nikolai Bukharin

Nikolai Ivanovich Bukharin (; – 15 March 1938 ) was a Russian Marxist, Bolshevik revolutionary, and Soviet politician.

Ivan Bukharin, father of Nikolai

Bukharin was tried in the Trial of the Twenty One on 2 – 13 March 1938 during the Great Purges, along with ex-premier Alexei Rykov, Christian Rakovsky, Nikolai Krestinsky, Genrikh Yagoda, and 16 other defendants alleged to belong to the so-called " Bloc of Rightists and Trotskyites ".

Nikolai Bukharin

Voice of the stalking shadow ( Pin thodarum nizhalin kural ), a Tamil novel by Jeyamohan, is based on the life of Nikolai Bukharin.

Nikolai Bukharin was a gifted cartoonist who left many cartoons on contemporary Soviet politicians.

* Nikolai Bukharin archive at marxists. org

ca: Nikolai Bukharin

eu: Nikolai Bukharin

pt: Nikolai Bukharin

vi: Nikolai Ivanovich Bukharin

* 1888 – Nikolai Ivanovich Bukharin, Russian politician ( d. 1938 )

A new work on the program was Nikolai Lopatnikoff's `` Festival Overture '', receiving its first New York hearing.

Nikolai Leonov, the KGB chief in Mexico City, was one of the first Soviet officials to recognize Fidel Castro's potential as a revolutionary, and urged the Soviet Union to strengthen ties with the new Cuban leader.

The Politburo did not convene once between 1950, when Nikolai Voznesensky was killed, and 1953.

The majority of the Central Committee members elected at the 17th Party Congress were killed during, or shortly after, the Great Purge when Nikolai Yezhov and Lavrentiy Beria headed the NKVD Grigory Kaminsky, at a Central Committee meeting, spoke against the Great Purge, and shortly after was arrested and killed.

By August 1954 Malenkov's role as de facto head of government was over ; Nikolai Bulganin began signing Council of Ministers decrees ( a right beholden to the Chairman ) and the Presidium gave in to Khrushchev's wishes to replace Malenkov.

Malenkov spoke twice to the plenum, but it failed to alter his position, and on 8 March 1955 he was forced to resign from his post as Chairman of the Council of Ministers ; he was succeeded by Nikolai Bulganin, a protege of Khrushchev dating back to the 1930s.

At the beginning, Brezhnev's principal rival was Nikolai Podgorny, a member of the Secretariat.

At the Central Committee meeting of 22 November 1982, Kirilenko lost his membership in the Politburo ( after a decision within the Politburo itself ), and Nikolai Ryzhkov, the Deputy Chairman of the State Planning Committee, was elected to the Secretariat.

Nikolai Tikhonov, the Chairman of the Council of Ministers, was succeeded by Nikolai Ryzhkov, and Vasili Kuznetsov, the acting Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet, was succeeded by Andrei Gromyko, the former Minister of Foreign Affairs.

Nikolai Tikhonov, the Chairman of the Council of Ministers, was succeeded by Nikolai Ryzhkov, and Vasili Kuznetsov, the acting Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet, was succeeded by Andrei Gromyko, the former Minister of Foreign Affairs.

A new version of the film was published in 1938, including a longer sequence to reflect Stalin's " achievements " at the end of the film and leaving out footage with " enemies " of that time, including figures like Nikolai Yezhov, Nikita Khrushchev, Georgi Dimitrov and others.

In a different sense, it was also used by the Soviet linguist Nikolai Marr in his Japhetic theory.

Both the form of the Kolmogorov – Smirnov test statistic and its asymptotic distribution under the null hypothesis were published by Andrey Kolmogorov, while a table of the distribution was published by Nikolai Vasilyevich Smirnov.

Arkady Volsky, an aide to Andropov and other general secretaries, recounts an episode that occurred after a Politburo meeting on the day following Andropov's demise: As Politburo members filed out of the conference hall, either Andrei Gromyko or ( in later accounts ) Dmitriy Ustinov is said to have put his arm round Nikolai Tikhonov's shoulders and said: " It's okay, Kostya is an agreeable guy ( pokladisty muzhik ), one can do business with him ...." The Politburo failed to pass the decision for Gorbachev, who was nominally Chernenko's second in command, to run the meetings of the Politburo itself in the absence of Chernenko ; the latter due to his declining health, began to miss those meetings with increasing frequency.

The one major personnel change Chernenko made was the dismissal of the chief of the General Staff, Marshal Nikolai Ogarkov, who had advocated less spending on consumer goods in favor of greater expenditures on weapons research and development.

The Russian economist Nikolai Kondratiev ( also written Kondratieff ) was the first to bring these observations to international attention in his book The Major Economic Cycles ( 1925 ) alongside other works written in the same decade.

It was part of the Great Purge, conducted by Nikolai Yezhov after the NKVD Order no.

Trotsky had 4 votes ( his own, Felix Dzerzhinsky's, Nikolai Krestinsky's and Adolph Joffe's ) and, since he held the balance of power, he was able to pursue his policy in Brest-Litovsk.