With the significant reduction in timber harvesting on federal lands and the implementation of the Northwest Forest Plan to protect the endangered Northern Spotted Owl, the timber economy has been greatly eroded in recent years.

Dozens of lumber mills cut fir and pine lumber, and the industry flourished until the late 1980s when the Northern Spotted Owl and other endangered species were driving forces in changing western forest policy.

In 1986, the United States Forest Service severely limits logging in old-growth forests under its protection in an effort to save the Northern Spotted Owl from extinction.

A partial list is: Common Loon, Great Blue Heron, American Bittern, American Black Duck, Wood Duck, Ring-necked Duck, Hooded Merganser, Common Merganser, Broad-winged Hawk, Ruffed Grouse, American Woodcock, Common Snipe, Spotted Sandpiper, Herring Gull, Barred Owl, Saw-whet Owl, Whip-poor-will, Common Nighthawk, Chimney Swift, Ruby-throated Hummingbird, Belted Kingfisher, Tree Swallow, Bank Swallow, Barn Swallow, Northern Flicker, Pileated Woodpecker, Yellow-bellied Sapsucker, Hairy Woodpecker, Downy Woodpecker, Eastern Kingbird, Great Crested Flycatcher, Eastern Phoebe, Yellow-bellied Flycatcher, Alder Flycatcher, Least Flycatcher, Eastern Wood Pewee, Olive-sided Flycatcher, Grey Jay, Blue Jay, Common Raven, Common Crow, Black-capped Chickadee, Boreal Chickadee, White-breasted Nuthatch, Red-breasted Nuthatch, Brown Creeper, Winter Wren, Gray Catbird, Brown Thrasher, American Robin, Wood Thrush, Hermit Thrush, Swainson's Thrush, Veery, Golden-crowned Kinglet, Ruby-crowned Kinglet, Cedar Waxwing, Common Starling, Red-eyed Vireo, Warblers, Red-winged Blackbird, Rusty Blackbird, Common Grackle, Brown-headed Cowbird, Scarlet Tanager, Rose-breasted Grosbeak, Evening Grosbeak, Indigo Bunting, Purple Finch, American Goldfinch, Dark-eyed Junco, Chipping Sparrow, White-throated Sparrow, Swamp Sparrow and Song Sparrow

* Northern Spotted Rock Dtella, Gehyra nana

* Oedura coggeri, Northern Spotted Velvet Gecko

In the Pacific Northwest of North America, the Northern Spotted Owl ( Strix occidentalis ) is a common predator of flying squirrels.

Northern flying squirrels, along with pine squirrels, are an important prey species for the Spotted Owl Strix occidentalis.

Barred Owls may be partly responsible for the recent decline of the Northern Spotted Owl, native to Washington, Oregon, and California.

Here are some of the most notable visitor's to the lake: Red-throated Diver ( 1986 ), Great Northern Diver ( 1994 ), Fulmar ( 2001 ) Great Shearwater ( 1999 ), Leach's Petrol ( 1987 ), Gannet ( 2002 ), Night Heron ( 1987 ), Glossy Ibis ( 1987 ), Spoonbill ( 1995 ), Pink footed Goose ( 1992 ), White-Fronted Goose ( 1992 ), Green-Winged Teal ( 1994 ), Ring-Necked Duck ( 1996 ), Long-Tailed Duck ( 1981 ), Velvet Scoter ( 2006 ), Spotted Crake ( 1995 ), Avocet ( 2011 ), Kentish Plover ( 1981 ), Temmick's Stint ( 2004 ), Pectoral Sandpiper ( 1995 ), Purple Sandpiper ( 1977 ), Red-Necked Phalarope ( 1995 ), Grey Phalarope ( 1987 ), Wilson's Phalarope ( 2007 ), Pomarine Skua ( 1982 ), Great Skua ( 1987 ), Sabine's Gull ( 1981 ), Caspian Tern ( 2001 ), Roseate Tern ( 1994 ), Whiskered Tern ( 2001 ), Cetti's Warbler ( 2011 ), Great Reed Warbler ( 2008 ), Golden Oriole ( 1997 ), Lapland Bunting ( 1966 ), Snow Bunting ( 1997 ), and a pair of Black-winged Stilt staying the summer of 1988.

In recent years the California and Northern subspecies of Spotted Owl have been displaced by Barred Owls, which are more aggressive, have a broader diet and occur in more varied habitats.

* Strix occidentalis caurina – Northern Spotted Owl

The nearly contiguous range of the Northern Spotted Owl extends from southwestern British Columbia south through western Washington and Oregon to Marin County on the north-central coast of California.

The California Spotted Owl's range overlaps that of the Northern Spotted Owl in the southern Cascade Range, and extends south through the western Sierra Nevada to Tulare County.

Northern Spotted Owl eggs in western Oregon were incubated for about 30 days and hatched from 8 April to 20 May.

In western Oregon, dispersal of juvenile ( young of the year ) Northern Spotted Owls was documented in October, and from early September to early November.

A review summarizes studies of Northern Spotted Owl dispersal and suggests that dispersal of both subspecies is likely to occur in September and October.

The average clutch size of Northern Spotted owls in western Oregon was two eggs.

In Douglas-fir / hardwoods, mixed-conifer, and Oregon white oak ( Quercus garryana ) forests of northwestern California, average annual Northern Spotted owl reproductive output ranged from 0. 150 to 0. 810 fledged young / pair.

Over a five-year period in western Oregon, the percentage of nesting Northern Spotted owls averaged 62 % and ranged from 16 % to 89 %.

In Washington and Oregon, the majority of radio-marked Northern Spotted Owls were paired by two years of age, and recruitment of banded owls into the territorial population occurred at an average age of 2. 4 years.

Northern Spotted Owls in nonglaciated montane slopes of the eastern Cascade Range of Washington averaged 0. 57 fledglings / year, significantly ( P < 0. 01 ) more than those in glacially scoured regions, which averaged 0. 38 fledgling / year.

Only 8. 7 % of Northern Spotted Owl s in Washington and Oregon dispersed over 31 miles ( 50 km ).

Virtually all of North America's raptors take adult or young Red-winged Blackbirds, even Barn Owls, which usually only take small mammals, and Northern Saw-whet Owls which are scarcely larger than a male Red-winged.

Regular, non-nesting-season predators include Great Horned Owls, Northern Harriers, Bald Eagles, Golden Eagles, American alligators, bobcats, Great Black-backed and California Gulls.

There are almost no predators of adults, but they may be killed in confrontations with large eagles, Northern Goshawks, Snowy Owls and, mostly, other Great Horned Owls.

Northern Saw-Whet Owls lay about 5-6 white colored eggs in natural tree cavities or woodpecker holes.

In a test done by Swengel and Swengel they found that the Northern Saw-Whet Owls most often eat deer mice, 67 % and voles, 16 % of the time in Wisconsin.

Also researched by Holt and Leroux was the eating habits of Northern Saw-Whet owls and Northern Pygmy Owls and found that they prey on different animals for their main food source, showing that they can adapt not only depending on the prey but also with the other predators in the areas where they live.

Adults rarely fall prey to larger raptors, namely Red-tailed Hawks, Great Horned Owls, Peregrine Falcons, Golden Eagles, and Northern Goshawks.

Most juvenile Northern Spotted Owls in Washington and Oregon died from predation ( 68 %) or starvation ( 26. 2 %).

Northern Spotted Owls occur at elevations from 70 to 6, 600 feet ( 20 – 2, 010 m ), with the majority in the lower portions of this range.

In mixed-evergreen and mixed-conifer forests of northwestern California, steep slopes were used by nesting Northern Spotted Owls in proportion with availability.

Although most of the data are from studies on the Northern Spotted owl, there is evidence that California and Mexican Spotted Owls also select slope bases.

In mixed-evergreen and mixed-conifer forests of northwestern California, Northern Spotted Owls nested and roosted on the lower third of slopes significantly more, the middle third in proportion with, and the upper third of slopes significantly less than expected based on availability during the breeding season ( α = 0. 05 ).

In some regions, Northern Spotted Owls use areas near water.

In mixed-evergreen forests of northwestern California, the summer roost sites of 10 Northern Spotted Owls averaged 466 feet ( 142. 1 m ) from water, which was significantly ( P < 0. 01 ) shorter than the average 743 feet ( 226. 6 m ) from random locations to water.

Northern Spotted Owls in western Oregon roosted higher in the canopy in cold wet weather than in warm or hot weather.

Northern Spotted Owls are strongly associated with mature and old-growth forests.

Burns suppers are most common in Scotland and Northern Ireland but occur wherever there are Burns Clubs, Scottish Societies, expatriate Scots, or aficionados of Burns ' poetry.

Direct effects of El Niño resulting in drier conditions occur in parts of Southeast Asia and Northern Australia, increasing bush fires, worsening haze, and decreasing air quality dramatically.

The scheme was defined for Northern Europe, but the climate changes were claimed to occur more widely.

** Confrontations occur in Northern Ireland between police and Orange Order protestors at Drumcree Church ( see Drumcree conflict ).

They occur across East Asia, from 50 ° N latitude in Sakhalin through to Northern Australia, and west to India and the Himalayas.

Extensive deposits of gem quality Prehnite occur in the basalt tableland surrounding Wave Hill Station in the central Northern Territory, of Australia.

The genus has a cosmopolitan distribution ; the highest diversity is found in the temperate Northern Hemisphere, but many species also occur in South America and Africa, including at high altitudes on mountains in the tropics.

Four ( or five ) species occur in the Northern Hemisphere, one species is found in Australia and New Zealand and one species is distributed in southern South America.

In its traditional circumscription this subfamily consisted exclusively of shrubs and small trees characterised by a pome, a type of accessory fruit that does not occur in other Rosaceae, and by a basal haploid chromosome count of 17 ( instead of 7, 8, or 9 as in the other Rosaceae ), involving approximately 28 genera with approximately 1100 species worldwide, with most species occurring in the temperate Northern Hemisphere.

For the Northern hemisphere, this should occur between November and March ; For the Southern hemisphere, June and September.

Estuaries and tidal flats are populated with varieties of mangroves ( 39 of the 47 Northern Territory species of mangrove occur in Kakadu ) that are important for stabilising the coastline.

A species of marsupial mouse ( the Northern Dibbler ), the Rufous-tailed Bush-hen, a frog ( the Pealing Chirper ) and the Primitive archerfish, occur in the Wangi Falls area.

Canadian warmings occur in early winter in the stratosphere of the Northern Hemisphere, typically from mid November to early December.

One reason for major stratospheric warmings to occur in the Northern hemisphere is because orography and land-sea temperature contrasts are responsible for the generation of long ( wavenumber 1 or 2 ) Rossby waves in the troposphere.

No other monarch of the Kingdom of Great Britain ( 1707 – 1800 ), the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland or the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland has ever abdicated, though forced abdications did occur on rare occasions in the Kingdom of England and the Kingdom of Scotland prior to their merger in 1707.

Some mammal and bird species that occur here are relicts of the ice age, including the Northern Bat ( Eptesicus nils soni ), the Alpine shrew ( Sorex alpinus ) and the Ring Ouzel.

There are over 250 known species, existing primarily in the Northern Hemisphere although they also occur in South America.

:: Bell-shaped spires: These spires, sometimes square in plan, occur mostly in Northern, Alpine and Eastern Europe, where they occur alternately with onion-shaped domes.

Cloudberries occur naturally throughout the Northern Hemisphere from 78 ° N, south to about 55 ° N, and very scattered south to 44 ° N mainly in mountainous areas.

( There are 9 extant genera and some 20 living species ; most of this group occur in the Northern Hemisphere, but a few extinct mergansers in the Southern Hemisphere )

Distribution is worldwide: the Blue, Fin, Humpback, and the Sei Whales are found in all major oceans ; the Common ( Northern ) and Antarctic ( Southern ) Minke Whale species are found in all the oceans of their respective hemispheres ; and either of Bryde's Whale and Eden's Whale occur in the Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian oceans, being absent only from the cold waters of the Arctic and Antarctic.

However, neither fate seems likely to occur in the foreseeable future to the five remaining major unincorporated U. S. insular areas: American Samoa, Puerto Rico, Guam, the U. S. Virgin Islands, or the Northern Mariana Islands.

In Europe, " lapwing " often refers specifically to the Northern Lapwing, the only member of this group to occur in most of the continent.

They are found worldwide, but mostly occur in the Northern Hemisphere and southern Africa, typically in dry and / or cold areas where water may be scarce.