** Nuclear fission

Nuclear fission is the reverse process of fusion.

Nuclear fission of heavy elements was discovered in 1938, and named by analogy with biological fission of living cells.

Nuclear fission produces energy for nuclear power and to drive the explosion of nuclear weapons.

Nuclear fission can occur without neutron bombardment, as a type of radioactive decay.

Nuclear fission differs importantly from other types of nuclear reactions, in that it can be amplified and sometimes controlled via a nuclear chain reaction.

Nuclear fission of heavy elements produces energy because the specific binding energy ( binding energy per mass ) of intermediate-mass nuclei with atomic numbers and atomic masses close to < sup > 62 </ sup > Ni and < sup > 56 </ sup > Fe is greater than the nucleon-specific binding energy of very heavy nuclei, so that energy is released when heavy nuclei are broken apart.

Nuclear fission weapons require a mass of fissile fuel that is prompt supercritical.

Nuclear reactors generally have automatic and manual systems to shut the fission reaction down if unsafe conditions are detected.

* Nuclear fission reactors produce heat through a controlled nuclear chain reaction in a critical mass of fissile material.

Nuclear energy usually means the part of the energy of an atomic nucleus, which can be released by fusion or fission or radioactive decay.

* Nuclear power, the use of sustained nuclear fission to generate heat and electricity

Nuclear particles like protons and neutrons are not destroyed in fission and fusion processes, but collections of them have less mass than if they were individually free, and this mass difference is liberated as heat and radiation in nuclear reactions ( the heat and radiation have the missing mass, but it often escapes from the system, where it is not measured ).

** Nuclear: A runaway nuclear fission or nuclear fusion reaction causes immense energy release.

Nuclear fission thus releases energy which has been stored, sometimes billions of years before, during stellar nucleosynthesis.

Nuclear engineering is the branch of engineering concerned with the application of the breakdown ( fission ) as well as the fusion of atomic nuclei and / or the application of other sub-atomic physics, based on the principles of nuclear physics.

Nuclear fission is the disintegration of a susceptible ( fissile ) atom's nucleus into two different, smaller elements and other particles including neutrons.

Nuclear fission is made by separating one atom or combining two different atoms.

( The blue ' ionization | pre-ionisation ' curve applies to certain types of Nuclear weapon design | thermonuclear weapon, where gamma ray | gamma and x-ray s from the primary fission stage Ionization | ionise the atmosphere and make it electrically conductive before the main pulse from the thermonuclear stage.

* Nuclear fission —

Nuclear fission type atomic bombs utilize the energy present in very heavy atomic nuclei, such as U-235 or Pu-239.

Nuclear fusion bombs can have arbitrarily high yields making them hundreds or thousands of times more powerful than nuclear fission bombs.

Several experiments have been performed between 2000 – 2008 at the Flerov laboratory of Nuclear Reactions in Dubna studying the fission characteristics of the compound nucleus < sup > 302 </ sup > Ubn.

Nuclear weapons are fearsome, but the long-range ballistic missile gives them a stealth and merciless swiftness which is much more terrifying.

Nuclear weapons have given the world the means for self-destruction in hours or days ; ;

* 1953 – Nuclear weapons testing: the Soviet atomic bomb project continues with the detonation of Joe 4, the first Soviet thermonuclear weapon.

Category: Nuclear weapons program of the Soviet Union

Category: Nuclear weapons governance

Category: Nuclear weapons of the United Kingdom

B. Priestley on " Britain and the Nuclear Bombs ", which was critical of Aneurin Bevan for changing his mind about nuclear weapons and ceasing to advocate unilateral nuclear disarmament by Britain.

Organisations that had previously opposed British nuclear weapons supported CND, including the British Peace Committee, the Direct Action Committee, the National Committee for the Abolition of Nuclear Weapons Tests and the Quakers.

* Nuclear weapons and the United Kingdom

* Nuclear weapons testing cases, such as between New Zealand and France before the International Court of Justice ;

Mountbatten expressed his feelings towards the use of nuclear weapons in combat in his article " A Military Commander Surveys The Nuclear Arms Race ", which was published shortly after his death in International Security in the winter of 1979 – 80.

* 1962 – Nuclear weapons testing: The " Small Boy " test shot Little Feller I becomes the last atmospheric test detonation at the Nevada National Security Site.

Category: Nuclear weapons program of the Soviet Union

Category: Nuclear weapons program of the Soviet Union

Nuclear weapons are designed to operate under this state.

* Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty, an international treaty, opened for signature on July 1, 1968 to limit the spread of nuclear weapons

* Nuclear technology, applications of nuclear energy including nuclear power, nuclear medicine, and nuclear weapons

Nuclear disarmament refers to both the act of reducing or eliminating nuclear weapons and to the end state of a nuclear-free world, in which nuclear weapons are completely eliminated.

Critics of nuclear disarmament say that it would undermine deterrence, and if nuclear weapons were completely eliminated, it would destroy the current Nuclear peace the world is experiencing and would make the large Conventional wars, common before the Nuclear age, far more likely.

* Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty ( NPT )— signed 1968, came into force 1970: An international treaty ( currently with 189 member states ) to limit the spread of nuclear weapons.