In the funeral games at the pyre of Patroclus, he contended with Odysseus and Antilochus for the prize in the footrace ; but Athena, who was hostile towards him and favored Odysseus, made him stumble and fall, so that he won only the second prize.

Briefly, the first Aeolus was a son of Hellen and eponymous founder of the Aeolian race ; the second was a son of Poseidon, who led a colony to islands in the Tyrrhenian Sea ; and the third Aeolus was a son of Hippotes who is mentioned in Odyssey book 10 as Keeper of the Winds who gives Odysseus a tightly closed bag full of the captured winds so he could sail easily home to Ithaca on the gentle West Wind.

Parthenius of Nicaea recorded a love affair between Odysseus and Aeolus ' daughter Polymele ; the latter was said to have ended up betrothed to her own brother Diores.

* In Iliad 9. 165-93 three characters, Phoinix, Odysseus, and Aias set out on an embassy to Achilleus ; however, at line 182 the poet uses a verb in the dual form to indicate that there are only two people going ; at lines 185ff.

Towards the end of Hesiod's Theogony ( 1011f ), we find that Circe bore Odysseus three sons: Ardeas or Agrius ( otherwise unknown ); Latinus ; and Telegonus, who ruled over the Tyrsenoi, that is the Etruscans.

Some Boeotian vase-paintings show a caricature version of the episode, acted out by dwarf pygmies with negroid attributes, and an aged and lame Odysseus leaning on a staff ; they are the mute survivors of some rustic comedy tradition that is impenetrable to us.

The blinding and mocking of Polyphemos called down the nemesis of Poseidon upon Odysseus ; Poseidon already bore Odysseus a grudge for not giving him a sacrifice when Poseidon prevented the Greeks from being discovered inside the Trojan Horse.

All but Odysseus were drowned ; he clung to a fig tree above Charybdis.

Father and son meet ; Odysseus identifies himself to Telemachus ( but still not to Eumaeus ), and they decide that the Suitors must be killed.

Odysseus and Telemachus hang twelve of their household maids, who had betrayed Penelope or had sex with the Suitors, or both ; they mutilate and kill the goatherd Melanthius, who had mocked and abused Odysseus.

Their leader points out that Odysseus has now caused the deaths of two generations of the men of Ithaca: his sailors, not one of whom survived ; and the Suitors, whom he has now executed.

An early example of this is the boar hunt that gave Odysseus the scar by which Eurycleia recognizes him ; Odysseus is injured by the boar and responds by killing it.

In Homer's Odyssey, Odysseus crawls beneath two shoots of olive that grow from a single stock, and in the Iliad, ( XVII. 53ff ) is a metaphoric description of a lone olive tree in the mountains, by a spring ; the Greeks observed that the olive rarely thrives at a distance from the sea, which in Greece invariably means up mountain slopes.

As he sails away with his men, Odysseus boasts to Polyphemus that " I am not no one ; I am Odysseus, Son of Laertes, King of Ithaca.

Odysseus and his men were blown far off course to lands unknown to the Achaeans ; there Odysseus had many adventures, including the famous encounter with the Cyclops Polyphemus, and an audience with the seer Teiresias in Hades.

Odysseus had not eaten the cattle, and was allowed to live ; he washed ashore on the island of Ogygia, and lived there with the nymph Calypso.

* 1178 BC – The calculated date of the Greek king Odysseus ' return home from the Trojan War.

In Greek legend, for instance, it was Poseidon ( god of the sea ) who raised the storms which blew Odysseus ' craft off course on his return journey, and Japanese tradition holds that a god-sent wind saved them from Mongol invasion.

The poem mainly centers on the Greek hero Odysseus ( or Ulysses, as he was known in Roman myths ) and his journey home after the fall of Troy.

Odysseus ’ name means “ trouble ” in Greek, referring to both the giving and receiving of trouble — as is often the case in his wanderings.

Head of Odysseus from a Greek 2nd century BC marble group representing Odysseus blinding Polyphemus, found at the villa of Tiberius at Sperlonga

Odysseus often receives the patronymic epithet Laertiades ( Greek: ), son of Laërtes.

Ulysses is derived from Ulixes, the Latin name for Odysseus, a character in ancient Greek literature.

* Odysseus, the legendary Greek king of Ithaca and hero of the Odyssey

* The ancient Greek epic The Odyssey is named after the main character, Odysseus.

Penelope is recognizable in Greek and Roman works, from Attic vase-paintings — the Penelope Painter is recognized by his representations of her — to Roman sculpture copying or improvising upon classical Greek models, by her seated pose, by her reflective gesture of leaning her cheek on her hand, and by her protectively crossed knees, reflecting her long chastity in Odysseus ' absence, an unusual pose in any other figure.

Aeneas and his crew land on the island, when they are approached by a desperate Greek man from Ithaca, Achaemenides, who was stranded on the island a few years previously with Odysseus ' expedition ( as depicted in The Odyssey ).

The Classical Greek term was ἡ νέκυια ( nekyia ), from the episode of the Odyssey in which Odysseus visits the realm of the dead, νεκυομαντεία in Hellenistic Greek, rendered as necyomantīa in Latin, and as necyomancy in 17th century English.

Traveler / travel writer Halliburton, in recreating Odysseus ' adventures, visits the grave of Brooke on the Greek island of Skyros.

In Odyssey, however, Homer narrates a different story: Helen circled the Horse three times, and she imitated the voices of the Greek women left behind at home — she thus tortured the men inside ( including Odysseus and Menelaus ) with the memory of their loved ones, and brought them to the brink of destruction.

Telemachus (;, Tēlemakhos, literally " far-fighter ") is a figure in Greek mythology, the son of Odysseus and Penelope, and a central character in Homer's Odyssey.

The word kephalos is Greek for " head ", perhaps used here because Cephalus was the founding " head " of a great family that includes Odysseus.

In Greek and Roman mythology, Achaemenides ( Ἀχαιμενίδης ) was a son of Adamastus of Ithaca, and one of Odysseus ' crew.

An oracle of Apollo then sends a plague sweeping through the Greek armies, and Agamemnon is forced to give Chryseis back in order to end it, so Agamemnon sends Odysseus to return Chryseis to her father.

In Greek mythology, Eurylochus, or Eurýlokhos ( Εὐρύλοχος ) appears in Homer's Odyssey as second-in-command of Odysseus ' ship during the return to Ithaca after the Trojan War.

In Greek mythology, Telegonus ( Greek: Τηλέγονος, English translation: born afar ) was the youngest son of Circe and Odysseus.

* In the Odyssey ( ix. 345 – 359 ), Polyphemus likens the wine given to him by Odysseus to ambrosia and nectar.

After Achilles, Ajax is the most valuable warrior in Agamemnon's army ( along with Diomedes ), though he is not as cunning as Nestor, Diomedes, Idomeneus, or Odysseus, he is much more powerful and just as intelligent.

Later, when Achilles dies, killed by Paris ( with help from Apollo ), Ajax and Odysseus are the heroes who fight against the Trojans to get the body and bury it next to his friend, Patroclus.

According to Lycophron's Alexandra ( 808 ) and John Tzetzes ' scholia on the poem ( 795-808 ), however, Circe used magical herbs to bring Odysseus back to life after he had been killed by Telegonus.

In Homer's Odyssey ( Book 9 ), Odysseus lands on the Island of the Cyclopes during his journey home from the Trojan War.

Penelope is the wife of the main character, the king of Ithaca, Odysseus ( Ulysses in Roman mythology ), and daughter of Icarius and his wife Periboea.

The Cyclopes, usually children of Gods ( Olympians ) and nature spirits ( nereids, naiads and dryads ), are also compared to giants due to their huge size ( Polyphemus, son of Poseidon and Thoosa, and nemesis of Odysseus and Jason, comes to mind ).

In a famous episode of Homer's Odyssey, the hero Odysseus encounters the Cyclops Polyphemus, the son of Poseidon and Thoosa ( a nereid ), who lives with his fellow Cyclopes in a distant country.

Programmes in this style included Tales From Fat Tulip's Garden ( continued in Fat Tulip Too ), Odysseus: The Greatest Hero of Them All ( a retelling of the Iliad and the Odyssey ), and Blood and Honey ( tales from the Old Testament, filmed on location ).

Other Stuckist artists in Europe include Peter Klint ( Germany ), Michael Dickinson ( Turkey ), Odysseus Yakoumakis ( Greece ), Artista Eli ( Spain ), Kloot Per W ( Belgium ) and Pavel Lefterov ( Bulgaria ).

According to Quintus Smyrnaeus, Odysseus came up with the idea of building a great wooden horse ( the horse being the emblem of Troy ), hiding an elite force inside, and fooling the Trojans into wheeling the horse into the city as a trophy.

Transformed into the goddess Leucothea, Ino also represents one of the many sources of divine aid to Odysseus in the Odyssey ( 5: 333ff ), her earliest appearance in literature.

2, " Sacrifice ", ( ISBN 1-58240-399-6 ), the substitution of a deer for Iphigenia was a pious lie invented by Odysseus to comfort the grieving Clytemnestra.

In Euripides's The Trojan Women ( 719 ff ), the herald Talthybius reveals to Andromache that Odysseus has convinced the council to have the child thrown from the walls, and the child is in this way killed.

* In Jean Racine's play Andromaque ( 1667 ), Astyanax has narrowly escaped death at the hands of Odysseus, who has unknowingly been tricked into killing another child in his place.