A number of fossil cryptobranchids have been found but there are only three living species, the Chinese giant salamander ( Andrias davidianus ), the Japanese giant salamander ( Andrias japonicus ) and the hellbender ( Cryptobranchus alleganiensis ) from North America.

By the Oligocene, all three subfamilies of canids ( Hesperocyoninae, Borophaginae, and Caninae ) had appeared in the fossil records of North America.

The fossil record ( especially the sister species Pinguinus alfrednewtoni ) and molecular evidence show that the three genera, while closely related, diverged soon after their common ancestor, a bird probably similar to a stout Xantus's Murrelet, had spread to the coasts of the Atlantic.

In the absence of soft tissues, such as the pouch and reproductive system, fossil marsupials can be distinguished from placentals by the form of their teeth ; primitive marsupials possess four pairs of molar teeth in each jaw, whereas placental mammals never have more than three pairs.

In the 1 July 2004 edition of Nature, paleontologist Eric Buffetaut discusses an early Cretaceous fossil of three cervical vertebrae of a pterosaur with the broken tooth of a spinosaur embedded in it.

The Fraterculini fossil record in the Pacific extends at least as far back as the middle Miocene, with three fossil species of Cerorhinca, and material tentatively referred to that genus, in the middle Miocene to late Pliocene of southern California and northern Mexico.

In November 1953, Time published evidence gathered variously by Kenneth Page Oakley, Sir Wilfrid Edward Le Gros Clark and Joseph Weiner proving that the Piltdown Man was a forgery and demonstrating that the fossil was a composite of three distinct species.

After the initial discovery of the fossil field in 1949 or 1950, access was free and unrestricted until 2005, when a small interpretive center was constructed, and a collection limit of three fossils was established in exchange for a $ 3 entry fee.

He now devoted himself more especially to three lines of inquiry: ( i ) the structure and classification of the Mollusca ; ( ii ) the comparative anatomy and systematic arrangement of the fishes ; ( iii ) fossil mammals and reptiles and, secondarily, the osteology of living forms belonging to the same groups.

In addition to the three living genera, there are two families and four genera containing fossil species.

In addition, there are two or three species of fossil prehistoric godwits.

This suborder has tarsi with five segments ( unlike the three found in the other suborders ) as well as unsegmented cerci like Hemimerina and Arixenina ; however, no fossil Hemimerina and Arixenina are known.

There are three extant and three fossil genera currently recognized.

Each of the three may be defined as a total clade containing a living crown-group ( respectively the Monotremata, Marsupialia and Placentalia ) plus any fossil species which are more closely related to that crown-group than to any other living animals.

Although M. glyptostroboides is the only living species in its genus, three fossil species are known, as well.

Metasequoia redwood fossils are known from many areas in the Northern Hemisphere ; more than 20 fossil species have been named ( some were even identified as the genus Sequoia ), but are considered as just three species, M. foxii, M. milleri, and M. occidentalis.

Although it is the only living species in its genus, three fossil species are known as well.

The genus Urocyon ( from the Greek word for ' tailed dog ') is a genus that contains two ( or possibly three ) living Western Hemisphere foxes in the family Canidae, the Gray Fox ( Urocyon cinereoargenteus ) and the closely related Island Fox ( Urocyon littoralis ) which is a dwarf cousin of the Gray Fox ; as well as one fossil species, Urocyon progressus.

Fossil evidence of a third species — Ridgen's Penguin ( A. ridgeni )— has been found in fossil records from the late Pliocene, about three million years ago, in New Zealand.

However, the fossil discovered later in France revealed the manus ( hands ) to have had three digits, similar to other members of compsognathid genera.

# Identifying Alternative Policies – The European Commission foresees that three alternative transport fuels: hydrogen, natural gas, and biofuels, will replace transport fossil fuels, each by 5 % by 2020.

This subsidiary owns three fossil fuel-fired generating plants and nine hydroelectric facilities, jointly capable of generating more than 1, 110 megawatts of electricity.

The ground crew, which ordinarily fuels a 707 in twenty minutes, took fully three hours.

Improvement of three nuclear fuels is crucial for obtaining increased efficiency from nuclear reactors.

A tripropellant rocket is a rocket that uses three propellants, as opposed to the more common bipropellant rocket or monopropellant rocket designs, which use two or one fuels, respectively.

After evaluating the performance of three different fast foods as rocket fuels ( combined with nitrous oxide ), the winning fuel was used to propel the C5 in a drag race with an electric scooter.

The remainder of the trip to the surface, lasting about 2. 5 minutes, was handled by smaller doppler radar units and three vernier engines running on liquid fuels fed to them using pressurized helium.

There are, by conventional classification, three types of material involved in building a fire without manufactured fuels.

The windigos feed off of the hatred between the three feuding tribes of ponies and bring about a deep, cold winter that kills all of their crops and further fuels the hatred.

A 2002 case study comparing energy use, greenhouse gas emissions and costs for roof beams found it takes two to three times more energy and six to twelve times more fossil fuels to manufacture steel beams than it does to manufacture glulam beams.

In 2011, the International Resource Panel, hosted by the United Nations Environment Programme ( UNEP ) warned that by 2050, the human race could devour 140 billion tons of minerals, ores, fossil fuels and biomass per year – three times its current appetite – unless nations can start decoupling economic growth rates from the rate of natural resource consumption.

The resulting announcement fuels global anxiety, and prompt the other three to cooperate with the U. S. government.

The first three components are numeric ratings of the moisture content of litter and other fine fuels, the average moisture content of loosely compacted organic layers of moderate depth, and the average moisture content of deep, compact organic layers.

This option is popular among taxicab owners in São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, allowing users to choose among three fuels ( E25, E100 and CNG ) according to current market prices at the pump.

Ethanol, methanol and natural gas CNG were the three alternative fuels that received more attention for research and development, and government support.

* In 2003, an Australian coal miner amputated his own arm with a Stanley knife after it became trapped when the front-end loader he was driving overturned three kilometers underground.

Since the 1990s the region has experienced an exceptionally tumultuous period in its regional economy with the collapse of large portions of the ground fishery throughout Atlantic Canada, the closing of coal mines and a steel mill on Cape Breton Island, and the closure of military bases in all three provinces.

The residue from the distillation of high-temperature coal tar, primarily a complex mixture of three or more membered condensed ring aromatic hydrocarbons, was listed on 28 October 2008 as a substance of very high concern by the European Chemicals Agency.

By the 1870s, the canal's goods traffic had dwindled to just three major types of bulk goods-forest products, coal and ore, none of which required rapid transportation.

A kilogram of uranium-235 ( U-235 ) converted via nuclear processes releases approximately three million times more energy than a kilogram of coal burned conventionally ( 7. 2 × 10 < sup > 13 </ sup > joules per kilogram of uranium-235 versus 2. 4 × 10 < sup > 7 </ sup > joules per kilogram of coal ).

The three main industries on Svalbard are coal mining, tourism and research.

Coal mining takes place in the three mountainous regions at 40 distinct coal beds near Mesozoic basins.

Glamorgan was the most populous and industrialised county in Wales and was once called the ' crucible of the Industrial Revolution ', containing the world centres of three metallurgical industries and its rich resources of coal.

By 1900, the dock was exporting over 500, 000 tons of coal ; it reached a peak of over three million tons in 1923.

However, numerous accounts exist that by 1794 Murdoch was producing coal gas from a small retort containing heated coals with a three or four foot iron tube attached, through which he piped the gas before sending it through an old gun barrel and igniting it to produce light.

The site of the railroad crossing was notable for the nearby deposits of iron ore, coal, and limestone – the three main raw materials used in making steel.

The thickness of the coal layers ranges from one to three metres ( three to ten feet ).

* J. J. McAlester ( 1842 – 1920 ), U. S. Marshal for Indian Territory ( 1893 – 1897 ), Confederate Army captain, merchant in and founder of McAlester, Oklahoma as well as the developer of the coal mining industry in eastern Oklahoma, one of three members of the first Oklahoma Corporation Commission ( 1907 – 1911 ) and the second Lieutenant Governor of Oklahoma ( 1911 – 1915 ).

The three main industries on Spitsbergen are coal mining, tourism and research.

In the spring of 1924, Joseph Joscak, editor of the New Yorsky Dennik, a daily Czechoslovak newspaper, began writing a column in which he extolled the beauty and pleasing climate of Florida, “ where it is possible to produce as many as three crops a year .” He wanted to attract the attention of his readers to a better way of life, for most of them were employed in hard, unattractive jobs in coal mines, steel mills, and other factories of the industrial North.

The town's initial growth was fueled by three fresh water springs in the area and later by coal and lumber industries.

There are now four generals stores, four saloons, two hotels, blacksmith shop, butcher shop, three grain warehouses, livery stable, three farm implement establishments, harness shop, drug store, furniture store, lumber and coal yard, newspaper.

Lismore, for a place only a little over one year old, has made good and substantial growth ... Lismore has one bank, two general merchants, one furniture store, two saloons, two pool rooms, two lumber yards, three elevators, four coal dealers, one hotel, one hardware store, two machinery firms, one blacksmith shop, one livery stable, one dray line, and one newspaper.

) situated on the creek and canal, near the center of the town, contains three churches, viz., Reformed, Baptist and Roman Catholic ; two hotels, two stores, a school, two blacksmith shops, three wagon shoes, an undertaker, coal yard, a harness shop, a shoe shop, two milliners, a meat market, a cement kiln and about 550 inhabitants.