Ontological reductionism is the claim that everything that exists is made from a small number of basic substances that behave in regular ways ( compare to monism ).

Ontological reductionism denies the idea of ontological emergence, and claims that emergence is an epistemological phenomenon that only exists through analysis or description of a system, and does not exist on a fundamental level.

Ontological reductionism takes two different forms: token ontological reductionism and type ontological reductionism.

The Ontological argument is also presented, but rejected in favor of proofs dealing with cause and effect alone.

In 1896, theologian J. H. Worman identified seven categories of pantheism: Mechanical or materialistic ( God the mechanical unity of existence ); Ontological ( abstract unity, Spinoza ); Dynamic ; Psychical ( God is the soul of the world ); Ethical ( God is the universal moral order, Johann Gottlieb Fichte ); Logical ( Hegel ); and Pure ( absorption of God into nature, which Worman equates with atheism ).

" He is very doubtful of St Anselm's Ontological Argument.

Ontological commitment is not a matter of what commitments one explicitly recognizes, but rather a matter of what commitments are actually incurred.

: The Temporary Autonomous Zone, Ontological Anarchy, Poetic Terrorism is a book by anarchist writer Hakim Bey published in 1991 by Autonomedia.

It is composed of three sections, " Chaos: The Broadsheets of Ontological Anarchism ," " Communiques of the Association for Ontological Anarchy ," and " The Temporary Autonomous Zone.

Ontological pluralism is directly related with the belief in classical elements, and exists in many ancient world views.

Indeed, a basic presupposition of constructivism is that Reality-As-It-Is-In-Itself ( Ontological Reality ) is utterly incoherent as a concept, since there is no way to verify how one has finally reached a definitive notion of Reality.

She has appeared in Negative Space and Richard Foreman's Ontological Hysteric in New York City and in several new plays at the Mark Taper Forum in Los Angeles ; she is based in Seattle.

Ontological questions continue with further " what is ..." questions addressed at fundamental economic phenomena, such as " what is ( economic ) value?

The Citizens Ontological Music Agenda is a project that hosts experimental music, poetry, and other forms of performance on Sunday Evenings.

Ontological paradoxes were explored in " Blink ", where the Doctor explains that space-time is not strictly cause-to-effect, and serve as a major plot device in " Time Crash ".

The indeterminacy of translation is also discussed at length in his Ontological Relativity ( 1968 ).

* Ontological commitment, belief in an ontology in philosophy

Ontological Investigations.

* " Ontological Categories and How to Use Them " -- Amie Thomassen.

Hans Blumenberg received his postdoctoral qualification in 1950, with a dissertation on ' Ontological distance ', an inquiry into the crisis of Husserl's phenomenology.

* A. P. Hazen, " On Gödel's Ontological Proof ", Australasian Journal of Philosophy, Vol.

* Jordan Howard Sobel, " Gödel's Ontological Proof " in On Being and Saying.

Later he felt that causal sounded too much like deterministic and preferred to call his theory the Ontological Interpretation.

* Christensen, Jørgen Riber, " Diplopia, or Ontological Intertextuality in Pastiche " in Culture, Media, Theory, Practice: Perspectives, ed.

His research interests include Hilary Putnam, time travel, the Ontological Argument, the Doomsday Argument and the semantics of vagueness.

In 2009 he presented Being a Leader and the Effective Exercise of Leadership: An Ontological Model at the Gruter Institute Squaw Valley Conference: Law, Behavior & the Brain.

* Handbook For Teaching Leadership: Knowing, Doing, and Being ; edited by Scott Snook, Nitin Nohria and Rakesh Khurana – Chapter 16 – Creating Leaders: An Ontological / Phenomenological Model, authored by Werner Erhard, Michael C. Jensen, and Kari Granger.

( 1984 ), " Ibn Sina's Fourth Ontological Argument for God's Existence ", The Muslim World 74 ( 3-4 ), 161 – 171.

According to this view, Hume is not arguing for a bundle theory, which is a form of reductionism, but rather for an eliminative view of the self.

Naturalistic dualism comes from Australian Philosopher, David Chalmers ( born 1966 ) who argues there is an explanatory gap between objective and subjective experience that cannot be bridged by reductionism because consciousness is, at least, logically autonomous of the physical properties upon which it supervenes.

In " The God Particle " he once wrote " The history of atomism is one of reductionism – the effort to reduce all the operations of nature to a small number of laws governing a small number of primordial objects.

Mach's influence is most apparent in the logical positivists ' persistent concern with metaphysics, the unity of science, and the interpretation of the theoretical terms of science, as well as the doctrines of reductionism and phenomenalism, later abandoned by many positivists.

Materialism is often associated with reductionism, according to which the objects or phenomena individuated at one level of description, if they are genuine, must be explicable in terms of the objects or phenomena at some other level of description — typically, at a more reduced level.

The target of Moore's discussion of the " naturalistic fallacy " is reductionism at least as much as it is naturalism specifically, and the important lesson, for Moore, is that the meaning of the term " good " and the nature of the property goodness are irreducibly sui generis.

Physicalism can be reductive or non-reductive ; reductionism is a concept regarding the relationship between the parts of an object and the whole.

The contradiction of reductionism in conventional theory ( which has as its subject a single part ) is simply an example of changing assumptions.

One type of reductionism is the belief that all fields of study are ultimately amenable to scientific explanation.

In social thought, metaphysical essentialism is often conflated with biological reductionism.

There is a certain degree of reductionism in the social sciences, which often try to explain whole areas of social activity as mere subfields of their own field.

Methodological reductionism is the position that the best scientific strategy is to attempt to reduce explanations to the smallest possible entities.

Methodological reductionism would thus hold that the atomic explanation of a substance's boiling point is preferable to the chemical explanation, and that an explanation based on even smaller particles ( quarks and leptons, perhaps ) would be even better.

Methodological reductionism, therefore, is the position that all scientific theories either can or should be reduced to a single super-theory through the process of theoretical reduction.

In his book The Blind Watchmaker, Dawkins introduced the term " hierarchical reductionism " to describe the view that complex systems can be described with a hierarchy of organizations, each of which is only described in terms of objects one level down in the hierarchy.

He provides the example of a computer, which under hierarchical reductionism is explained in terms of the operation of hard drives, processors, and memory, but not on the level of AND OR gates, or on the even lower level of electrons in a semiconductor medium.

In mathematics, reductionism can be interpreted as the philosophy that all mathematics can ( or ought to ) be built on a common foundation, which is usually axiomatic set theory.