In order to produce high quality objectives, Abbe made significant contributions into the diagnosis and correction of Optical aberrations, which is required for an objective to reach the resolution limit of.

Optical elements and instruments of precision produced by John Brashear were purchased for their quality by almost every important observatory in the world.

Optical and radio astronomy can be performed with ground-based observatories, because the atmosphere is relatively transparent at the wavelengths being detected.

Optical properties are variable ; the purest form is transparent and colorless, but opaque gray or yellow deposits are also known.

Optical imaging has moderate temporal resolution, but poor spatial resolution.

His 1935 monograph on " Optical Rotatory Power " ( 1935 ) has long been regarded as a standard work on the subject.

Optical lithography has been extended to feature sizes below 50 nm using the 193 nm ArF excimer laser and liquid immersion techniques.

Work has started to connect FDDI networks to the developing Synchronous Optical Network ( SONET ).

Optical camouflage is a kind of active camouflage in which one wears a fabric which has an image of the scene directly behind the wearer projected onto it, so that the wearer appears invisible.

Silver Creek has a number of businesses, Tops Friendly Markets ( formerly Quality Markets ), Red's Pizza, Ellie's Deli, Food King ( Chinese Takeout ), Rite Aid, Uncle Sam's Army-Navy, Dolce Automotive ( next to Final Communications and Hae Jude Signs ), New Image Hair Design, A Cut Above The Rest, Silver Cafe ( original location of Foliage House Florist ), H & R Block ( original Record Agency building ), Silver Creek Optical, and Record Agency Inc .( former ENB office next to Silver Creek Optical )

) Today, that idea has expanded to encompass the National Optical Astronomy Observatory, the National Radio Astronomy Observatory, the National Solar Observatory, the Gemini Observatory and the Arecibo Observatory, all of which are funded in whole or in part by NSF.

Optical scan technology has also been used by many standardized tests.

It was founded as the " Optical Society of America " and has evolved into a global enterprise with a worldwide constituency.

Optical traps allowed these biophysicists to observe the forces and dynamics of nanoscale motors at the single-molecule level ; optical trap force-spectroscopy has since led to greater understanding of the stochastic nature of these force-generating molecules.

Optical measurement has been demonstrated on laboratory scale.

Optical routes can be assigned, meaning that a train gets a green light ( permission to pass the signal ) only after the next signal has been passed by the train ahead, or a yellow light, meaning that the signal can be passed at low speed.

Optical mark recognition has evolved from several other technologies.

The head of Spectacular Optical, Barry Convex ( Leslie Carlson ), has been secretly working with Harlan to get Max exposed to Videodrome and to have him broadcast it, as part of a crypto-government conspiracy to morally and ideologically " purge " North America, giving fatal brain tumours to " lowlifes " fixated on extreme sex and violence.

MODIS has used the Marine Optical Buoy for vicarious calibration.

CLASSIC has two kinds of sensors: Optical Acoustic Satcom Integrated Sensor ( OASIS ) and Air Deliverable Acoustic Sensor ( ADAS ), as well as television cameras, thermal imagers, and low-light cameras.

Finally, a probably more efficient solution has been proposed by Google and is used by its Gmail email system, performing an OCR ( Optical Character Recognition ) to every mid to large size image, analyzing the text inside.

Optical interferometry, which has matured within the last two decades, combines the light of multiple telescopes so that exquisitely precise measurements can be made, akin to what might be accomplished with a single, much larger telescope.

The university has a number of related companies including: Cytrea, which is involved in pharmaceutical formulations ; Firecomms, an ICT company concentrating on optical communications ; Alimentary Health a biotech healthcare company ; Biosensia who develop integrated micro-system analytical chips ; Sensl developers of low light sensors and imaging systems ; Luxcel which is involved in the development of probes and sensors for the pharmaceutical and food safety industries ; and Optical Metrology Innovations who develop laser metrology systems.

Overlea Mews has a store ( Asian Market Place ), a take-out restaurant ( Philippine-Caribbean Cuisine ), a dentist office ( Dr. Bernabe & Associates ) and an optical store ( i2i Optical ), all Filipino owned.

Since 1970, the Optical Society of America has awarded the William F. Meggers Award for outstanding work in spectroscopy.

Optical flow information has been recognized as being useful for controlling micro air vehicles.

Optical communications, in various forms, have been used for thousands of years.

Optical activity in transition metal ion complexes have been attributed to configurational, conformational and the vicinal effects.

Optical performance of the telescope is excellent, and Strehl ratios of 60-90 % in the infrared H band and 95 % in the infrared M band have been achieved by the LBT.

The term first appeared in print in Time magazine in October 1964 in response to Julian Stanczak's show Optical Paintings at the Martha Jackson gallery, though works which might now be described as " op art " had been produced for several years previously.

Optical hobbyists have been known to cannibalize the laser tube machines.

Later optical standards have been known to suffer similar problems, including a notorious batch of defective CDs manufactured by Philips-DuPont Optical in Europe during the early 1990s.

Optical telescopes have been used in astronomical research since the time of their invention in the early 17th century.

Optical tweezers have been particularly successful in studying a variety of biological systems in recent years.

Optical tweezers have also been used to probe the cytoskeleton, measure the visco-elastic properties of biopolymers, and study cell motility.

Optical thermometers have been created by calibrating the change in absorbance of a material against temperature.

Optical ring, cylindrical, and spherical resonators have also been proven useful in the field of biosensing.

The table below lists galaxies that have been consistently identified as group members in the Nearby Galaxies Catalog, the Lyons Groups of Galaxies ( LGG ) Catalog, and the group lists created from the Nearby Optical Galaxy sample of Giuricin et al.

The table below lists galaxies that have been consistently identified as group members in the Nearby Galaxies Catalog, the survey of Fouque et al., the Lyons Groups of Galaxies ( LGG ) Catalog, and the three group lists created from the Nearby Optical Galaxy sample of Giuricin et al.

Since then the technique has been improved upon, notably by Bouyer's team at Groupe d ' Optique Atomique Laboratoire at the Charles Fabry Optical Institute.

Optical scan machines have been in use for decades, and provide a voter-verified audit trail by default.