) Other sources claim that the French chemist and physicist Joseph-Louis Gay-Lussac suggested the name brôme for the characteristic smell of the vapors.

Other old French games such as thèque, la balle au bâton, and la balle empoisonnée also appear to be related.

Other dance styles, such as the Italian and Spanish dances of the period are much less well studied than either English country dance or the French style.

Other utilitarian-type views include the claims that the end of action is survival and growth, as in evolutionary ethics ( the 19th-century English philosopher Herbert Spencer ); the experience of power, as in despotism ( the 16th-century Italian political philosopher Niccolò Machiavelli and the 19th-century German Friedrich Nietzsche ); satisfaction and adjustment, as in pragmatism ( 20th-century American philosophers Ralph Barton Perry and John Dewey ); and freedom, as in existentialism ( the 20th-century French philosopher Jean-Paul Sartre ).

Other restaurants were opened by chefs of the time who were leaving the failing monarchy of France, in the period leading up to the French Revolution.

Other local delicacies are the praline chocolates from local producers such as Leonidas and Dascalides, the ' neuzekes ' (' noses '), cone-shaped purple jelly-filled candies, ' babeluten ' (' babblers '), hard butterscotch-like candy, and of course, on the more fiery side, the famous ' Tierenteyn ', a hot but refined mustard that has some affinity to French ' Dijon ' mustard.

Other somewhat less often performed include Les vêpres siciliennes ( 1855 ) and Don Carlos ( 1867 ), both commissioned by the Paris Opera and initially given in French.

Other artists depicted scenes, regardless of when they occurred, in classical dress and for a long time, especially during the French Revolution, history painting often focused on depictions of the heroic male nude.

Other smaller foreign groups include Italians, French, and Lebanese, many of whom have assimilated into the Maltese nation over the decades.

Other activities of economic importance are dairy produce, flax ( 60 % of production in France ), horse breeding ( including two French national stud farms ), fishing, seafood, and tourism.

Other notables examples include the Roman de la Rose, a 13th-century French poem, William Langland's Piers Ploughman in the 14th century, and Jean de la Fontaine's Fables ( influenced by Aesop's ) in the 17th century.

Other points of interest in the town include the prison museum and the town churchyard which houses the graves of French and American prisoners of war who were originally housed at the prison.

Other ideas are behind the German expressions formelles Recht ( or Prozeßrecht ) and materielles Recht as well as the French droit formel / droit matériel, the Italian diritto formale / diritto material and the Swedish formell rätt / materiell rätt ; all of which, taken literally, means " formal " and " material " law.

Other mementos of Holmes's cases are a gold sovereign from Irene Adler (" A Scandal in Bohemia ") and an autographed letter of thanks from the French President and a Legion of Honour for tracking down an assassin named Huret (" The Adventure of the Golden Pince-Nez ").

Other lodges include a lodge at Bath in 1735, and the French lodge, St. George de l ' Observance No. 49 at Covent Garden in 1736.

Other trapdoor actions include the rare Confederate Tarpley carbine, the Austrian Wanzl, the Belgian Albini-Braendlin rifle and Terssen conversion ( some of which were made from French 1777 pattern flintlocks!

Other nations quickly realized the capability of the new arm and by the start of French Revolutionary Wars in 1790s Austria, Hannover, Portugal, Russia, France, Great Britain and Sweden had all formed regular units of horse artillery.

Other versions, which include other authors, are available in French, Japanese, and Arabic.

Other spoken languages are Indian languages, especially Gujarati, and Portuguese ( spoken by Indians and Mozambican blacks, respectively ) and to a lesser extent French ( from neighbouring Rwanda, Burundi and Democratic Republic of the Congo ).

Other performers included: the Sex Pistols, Subway Sect, Siouxsie and the Banshees, The Clash, The Vibrators, The Damned and the French band Stinky Toys.

On the other hand, Carla Hesse, in The Other Enlightenment: How French Women Became Modern ( 2001 ), argues that " female participation in the public cultural life of the Old Regime was ... relatively marginal ".

The Other Enlightenment: How French Women Became Modern.

Other equipment includes the Mirage 2000s, British Hawk aircraft, and French helicopters.

Other prominent academics associated with the University include Geoffrey Bennington, the creator of the MA programme in Modern French Thought ( Derrida, Lyotard ); Homi K. Bhabha ( postcolonialism ); Rachel Bowlby ( feminism, Woolf, Freud ); Geoff Cloke FRS ( Inorganic Chemistry ); Jonathan Dollimore ( Renaissance literature, gender and queer studies ); Katy Gardner ( social anthropology ); Gabriel Josipovici ( Dante, the Bible ); Michael Land FRS ( Animal Vision-Frink Medal )); Michael Lappert FRS ( Inorganic Chemistry ); Alan Lehmann FRS ( Genetics and Genome Stability ); ( Laura Marcus ( Woolf ); John Murrell FRS ( Theoretical Chemistry ); Peter Nicholls ( Pound, modernism ); John Nixon FRS ( Inorganic Chemistry )); Laurence Pearl FRS ( Structural Biology ); Guy Richardson FRS ( Neuroscience ); Jacqueline Rose ( feminism, psychoanalysis ); Nicholas Royle ( modern literature and theory ; deconstruction ); Alan Sinfield ( Shakespeare, sexuality, queer theory ); Norman Vance ( Victorian, classical reception ); Richard Whatmore & Knud Haakonssen ( intellectual historians ); Gavin Ashenden ( Senior Lecturer in English, University Chaplain, and Chaplain to Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II ; Cedric Watts ( Conrad, Greene ); Marcus Wood ( postcolonialism ).

" The same way in which Europeans viewed the " Other " in colonies and other exotic locations was how the French people saw the Wild Boy of Aveyron.

Other ancient historians and philosophers believing in the existence of Atlantis were Strabo and Posidonius.

Other historians debate this analysis ( such as if the order was a violation ) or debate aspects of the records, and have been either harsher or more lenient.

Other historians claim instead that the Carolingian byrnie was nothing more than a coat of mail, but longer and perhaps heavier than traditional early medieval mail.

Other historians are not so certain.

Other dynasties that are considered imperial by historians are the Kushanas, Guptas, Vijayanagara, Hoysala and the Cholas.

Other historians assert that it derives from the valve bugle designed by Michael Saurle ( father ) in Munich in 1832 ( Royal Bavarian privilege for a " chromatic Flügelhorn " 1832 ), which predates Adolphe Sax's work.

Other historians doubt the authenticity of this document and point out that the claims in it were patently false — there were in fact thousands of living Vendean prisoners, the revolt had been far from crushed, and the Convention had explicitly decreed that women, children and unarmed men were to be treated humanely.

Other historians, influenced by Marxist thinking, have emphasized the importance of the peasants and the urban workers in presenting the Revolution as a gigantic class struggle.

Other historians have pointed out that Rome did have experience with naval technology, as she patrolled her coasts against piracy.

Other Catholic historians, such as Warren Carroll, dispute this view, arguing that the pope rejected the council.

Other historians urge caution regarding claims of Islamic firearms use in the 1204-1324 period as late medieval Arabic texts used the same word for gunpowder, naft, that they used for an earlier incendiary naptha.

Other historians say the " Tudor Revolution " really extended to the end of Elizabeth's reign, when the work was all consolidated.

Other noteworthy and famous Greek historians include Plutarch ( 2nd century AD ), who wrote several biographies, the Parallel Lives, in which he wanted to assess the morality of its characters by comparing them in pairs, and Polybius ( 3nd century BC ), who developed Thucydides's method further, becoming one of the most objective historians of classical antiquity.

Other historians, including Barbara Yorke and Henry Mayr-Harting, conclude that Bede's account is correct, and that Eadbald was converted by Laurence.

Other historians have been more cautious in interpreting this material, noting that chroniclers also reported John's personal interest in the life of St Wulfstan of Worcester and his friendships with several senior clerics, most especially with Hugh of Lincoln, who was later declared a saint.

Other historians maintain that the biographical details, and Egyptian background, attributed to Moses imply the existence of a historical political and religious leader who was involved in the consolidation of the Hebrew tribes in Canaan towards the end of the Bronze Age.

Other parties have also propagated the idea that the Native Americans believed the conquistadors to be gods: most notably the historians of the Franciscan order such as Fray Gerónimo de Mendieta.

" Other scholars and historians disagree, citing the historical records of St. Ignatius of Antioch and St. Irenaeus who recorded the linear succession of Bishops of Rome ( the popes ) up until their own times.

Other historians suggest that this title was already used in this way in association with the pontificate of Pope Eugenius III ( 1145 – 1153 ).

Other important themes running through The Histories are the role of Fortune in the affairs of nations, his insistence that history should be demonstratory, or apodeiktike, providing lessons for statesmen, and that historians should be " men of action " ( pragmatikoi ).

Other historians agree Polybius ' treatment of Crete is biased in a negative sense.

Other historians have argued for a Carolingian Renaissance in the 8th and 9th centuries, and still later for an Ottonian Renaissance in the 10th century.

Other historians note debate about Shaka's role as a uniter versus a usurper of traditional Zulu ruling prerogatives, and the notion of the Zulu state as a unique construction, divorced from the localised culture and the previous systems built by his predecessor Dingiswayo.

Other historians believe this polity was situated many hundred miles to the north.