In Art and Artist ( 1932 ), the psychologist Otto Rank wrote that the psychological trauma of birth was the pre-eminent human symbol of existential anxiety and encompasses the creative person's simultaneous fear of – and desire for – separation, individuation and differentiation.

She was transformed by her therapy with Otto Rank, who broke with Freud over his failure to appreciate the power of women's sexuality, the value of art, and the meaning of the mother-child relationship.

Nin was acquainted, often quite intimately, with a number of prominent authors, artists, psychoanalysts, and other figures, and wrote of them often, especially Otto Rank.

In his influential work The Myth of the Birth of the Hero, Otto Rank argued that the births of many mythical heroes follow a common pattern.

He was strongly influenced in constructing his client-centered approach by the post-Freudian psychotherapeutic practice of Otto Rank.

* Otto Rank, in 1911, published the first psychoanalytical paper specifically concerned with narcissism, linking it to vanity and self-admiration.

During the early 1920s, criticizing Freud's " classical " method of neutral interpretation, Ferenczi collaborated with Otto Rank to create a " here-and-now " psychotherapy that, through Rank's personal influence, led the American Carl Rogers to conceptualize person-centered therapy ( Kramer 1995 ).

Anaïs Nin became his lover and financed the first printing of Tropic of Cancer in 1934 with money from Otto Rank.

In 1926, Otto Rank left Vienna for Paris.

In 1905, at the age of 21, Otto Rank presented Freud with a short manuscript on the artist, a study that so impressed Freud he invited Rank to become Secretary of the emerging Vienna Psychoanalytic Society.

“ I have long considered Otto Rank to be the great unacknowledged genius in Freud ’ s circle ,” said May ( Rank, 1996, p. xi ).

In 1936 Carl Rogers, the most influential psychologist in America after William James, invited Otto Rank to give a series of lectures in New York on Rank ’ s post-Freudian models of experiential and relational therapy.

The New York writer Paul Goodman, who was co-founder with Fritz Perls of the Gestalt method of psychotherapy, one of the most popular in the world today, and one that makes Otto Rank's " here-and-now " central to its approach, described Rank ’ s post-Freudian ideas on art and creativity as “ beyond praise ” in Gestalt Therapy ( Perls, Goodman and Hefferline, 1951, p. 395 ).

Through the lens of Otto Rank ’ s work on understanding art and artists, action learning can be seen as the never-completed process of learning how to “ step out of the frame ” of the ruling mindset, whether one ’ s own or the culture ’ s – in other words, of learning how to unlearn.

His writings preceded, and were at times surprisingly consistent with, later neo-Freudian insights such as those evidenced in the works of Otto Rank, Karen Horney, Harry Stack Sullivan and Erich Fromm, some considering that it would take several decades for Freudian ego psychology to catch up with Adler's ground-breaking approach.

* Rank, Otto, The Double: A Psychoanalytic Study, 1925 ( written 1914 ).

Perls and Goodman were influenced by the work Kurt Lewin and Otto Rank.

* Otto Rank

Campbell also looked to the work of ethnographers James Frazer and Franz Boas and psychologist Otto Rank.

* Otto Rank

Historically " the first force " were psychologists like Sigmund Freud, Alfred Adler, Erik Erikson, Carl Jung, Erich Fromm, Karen Horney, Otto Rank, Melanie Klein, Harry Stack Sullivan, and others.

Otto Eduard Leopold, Prince of Bismarck, Duke of Lauenburg ( 1 April 1815 – 30 July 1898 ), simply known as Otto von Bismarck, was a conservative German statesman who dominated European affairs from the 1860s to his dismissal in 1890.

* 1 April 1815 – 1865: Junker Otto von Bismarck

After seeing his opening with the death of Emperor Otto II, Boniface joined the league of Greeks and Saracens and headed for Rome in April 984.

Theophanu and Otto were married by Pope John XIII on April 14, 972 at Saint Peter's and she was crowned empress the same day in Rome.

* April 14 – Otto Dowling, United States Navy Captain, and the 25th Governor of American Samoa ( b. 1881 )

* April 27 – King Otto of Bavaria ( d. 1916 )

* April 19 – German art dealer Otto Wacker is sentenced to 19 months in prison for selling fraudulent paintings he attributed to Vincent van Gogh.

* April 1 – Otto von Bismarck, German statesman ( d. 1898 )

According to his own account, recorded in his autobiography Mein Leben, Wagner conceived Parsifal on Good Friday morning, April 1857, in the Asyl ( German: " Asylum "), the small cottage on Otto Wesendonck's estate in the Zürich suburb of Enge, which Wesendonck-a wealthy silk merchant and generous patron of the arts-had placed at Wagner ’ s disposal, through the good offices of his wife Mathilde Wesendonck.

Otto Ludwig Preminger ( 5 December 1905 – 23 April 1986 ) as reviewers scrambled to discern traces of Lubitsch's hand.

After his coronation, Otto III returned to Germany in December 996, staying along the Lower Rhine ( especially in Aachen ) until April 997.

In September 996, a few months after receiving a pardon from Otto III, Crescentius II meet with the Archbishop of Piacenza John Philagathos, a former adviser to the late Empress Theophanu, to devise a plan to depose the newly installed Pope Gregory V. In 997, with the active support of Byzantine Emperor Basil II, Crescentius II led a revolt against Gregory V, deposed him, and installed John Philagathos as Pope John XVI, an antipope, in April 997.

* March or April – Pope John XV dies before being able to crown Otto III, King of Germany as Holy Roman Emperor.

On April 14, 972, the sixteen-year old Otto II was married to the twelve-year old Eastern princess, and Thephanu was crowned empress by the Pope.

On April 14, 972, Otto II married Theophanu, a Byzantine princess of the Phokas family who was the cousin of reigning Byzatine Emperor John I Tzimiskes.

# Katharina ( 1256 – 4 April 1282, Landshut ), married 1279 in Vienna to Otto III, Duke of Bavaria who later ( after her death ) became the disputed King Bela V of Hungary and left no surviving issue.

* 21 July 1937 – April 1938: Dr. Otto Schmidt ( lord mayor ; NSDAP )

** Otto Sverdrup ( F312 ) Launched April 28, 2006.

The team first appears in Adventure Comics # 247 ( April 1958 ), and was created by Otto Binder and Al Plastino.

In Adventure Comics # 247 ( April 1958 ) by writer Otto Binder and artist Al Plastino, Superboy was met by three teenagers from the 30th century: Lightning Boy, Saturn Girl, and Cosmic Boy, who were members of a " super-hero club " called the Legion of Super-Heroes.

At the beginning of April, Otto Horsing, the Social Democratic Party of Germany Oberpräsident of Saxony, gave instructions to police and paramilitary forces to occupy the copper mines and chemistry plants around Halle, " to prevent sabotage and attacks on managers ".

Otto (; 27 April 1848 – 11 October 1916 ), was King of Bavaria from 1886 to 1913.

Prince Otto was born on 27 April 1848, two months premature, in the Munich Residenz.