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Overy states that blitzkrieg as a " coherent military and economic concept has proven a difficult strategy to defend in light of the evidence ".
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Overy and states
Overy argued that there was a major difference between economic pressures inducted by the problems of the Four Year Plan, and economic motives to seize raw materials, industry and foreign reserve of neighboring states as a way of accelerating the Four Year Plan.
Overy argued that there was a major difference between economic pressures inducted by the problems of the Four Year Plan, and economic motives to seize raw materials, industry and foreign reserve of neighboring states as a way of accelerating the Four Year Plan.
Overy and blitzkrieg
The concept of a blitzkrieg Luftwaffe was challenged by Richard Overy in the late 1970s and by Williamson Murray in the mid-1980s.
The thesis that the Third Reich went to war on the basis of " blitzkrieg economics " was criticized by Richard Overy in the 1980s and Historian George Raudzens highlighted the many, somewhat conflicting, senses in which historians have used the word.
Frieser, in agreement with Overy, Cooper and others that reject the existence of a blitzkrieg doctrine, argues that after the failure of the Schlieffen Plan in 1914, the German Army came to the conclusion decisive battles could not be executed on a strategic level.
Historians Shimon Naveh and Richard Overy reject the idea that blitzkrieg was a military doctrine.
Richard Overy also rejected the idea that Hitler and the Nazi regime ever intended a blitzkrieg war.
Overy presents this as evidence that a " blitzkrieg economy " did not exist.
Overy and military
Richard Overy pointed out some 23 percent of German output was military by 1939.
Overy and economic
Mason's theory of a " Flight into war " being imposed on Hitler generated much controversy, and in the 1980s he conducted a series of debates with economic historian Richard Overy over this matter.
Overy maintained the decision to attack Poland was not caused by structural economic problems, but rather was the result of Hitler wanting a localized war at that particular time in history.
For Overy, a major problem with the Mason thesis was that it rested on the assumption that in a way unrecorded by the records, that information was passed on to Hitler about the Reichs economic problems.
" There is considerable debate as to the accuracy of this information, with some historians such as Richard Overy arguing that Goerdeler and other German conservatives had exaggerated German economic problems to the British and the French.
Overy charged that what Goerdeler wanted was a very firm Anglo-French stand in favour of Poland, hoping that if confronted with such a situation the German Army would overthrow Hitler rather than risk a world war, and as such Goerdeler exaggerated the economic problems of the Reich to encourage such a stand.
The " X documents ", and how to interpret them played a key role in the debate in the late 1980s between Overy and the Marxist Timothy Mason about whether the German attack on Poland was a " flight into war " forced on Hitler by an economic crisis.
Mason's theory of a " Flight into war " being imposed on Hitler generated much controversy, and in the 1980s he conducted a series of debates with economic historian Richard Overy over this matter.
Overy maintained the decision to attack Poland was not caused by structural economic problems, but rather was the result of Hitler wanting a localized war at that particular time in history.
For Overy, a major problem with the Mason thesis was that it rested on the assumption that in a way unrecorded by the records, that information was passed on to Hitler about the Reichs economic problems.
Finally, Overy argued that there is considerable evidence that the German state felt they could master the economic problems of rearmament ; as one civil servant put it in January 1940 " we have already mastered so many difficulties in the past, that here too, if one or other raw material became extremely scarce, ways and means will always yet be found to get out of a fix.
Overy and has
Since its founding in 1930, Allen & Overy has grown to become one of the largest law firms in the world, both by number of lawyers and revenue.
Over the years, Allen & Overy has been involved in many developments in the legal field.
In the last 15 years, Allen & Overy has become an international practice, opening offices in some international financial centres, branching out into newly emerging legal markets, and merging with some firms on the European continent.
Since 2000, Allen & Overy has had an office in New York advising on U. S. law.
Allen & Overy has offices in 28 countries.
Overy and ".
His combination of academic rigour and popular appeal led historian Richard Overy to describe him as " the Macaulay of our age ".
states and blitzkrieg
However, Robert Watt states that blitzkrieg holds little in common with Soviet deep battle.
Naveh states, " The striking feature of the blitzkrieg concept is the complete absence of a coherent theory which should have served as the general cognitive basis for the actual conduct of operations ".
Moreover Frieser states that surviving German economists and members of the German General Staff have denied Germany went to war based on a blitzkrieg strategy.
James Corum states a prevalent myth about the Luftwaffe and its blitzkrieg operations is that it had a doctrine of terror bombing, in which civilians were deliberately targeted in order to break the will or aid the collapse of an enemy.
One theory states that humans hunted the elephant birds to extinction in a very short time for such a large landmass ( the blitzkrieg hypothesis ).
states and coherent
These are coherent states ( or solitons ) which behave like a particle, and they can be fermionic even if all the constituent particles are bosons.
However, experiments to detect gravitational waves, which may be viewed as coherent states of many gravitons, are underway ( e. g., LIGO and VIRGO ).
Krin Gabbard states that “ jazz is a construct ” or category that, while artificial, still is useful to designate “ a number of musics with enough in common to be understood as part of a coherent tradition ”.
* Coherent or resonance spectroscopy are techniques where the radiative energy couples two quantum states of the material in a coherent interaction that is sustained by the radiating field.
* Quantum biophysics involves quantum information processing of coherent states, entanglement between coherent protons and transcriptase components, and replication of decohered isomers to yield time-dependent base substitutions.
* Popp, F. A., Yan, Yu: Delayed luminescence of biological systems in terms of coherent states.
Patrick Wormald, who has argued that written law had little practical use in Anglo-Saxon England, states that there is little homogeneity to the laws, and that the sporadic nature of them indicate little sign of a coherent system based on written law.
With Maastricht, Justice and Home Affairs co-operation aimed at reinforcing actions taken by member states while allowing a more coherent approach of these actions, by offering new tools for coordinating actions.
Exceptions to these generalizations include highly centralized states such as France, whose centralized bureaucracies could effectively coordinate far-flung resources, giving the state a powerful advantage over less coherent rivals, but risking utter ruin if the capital were taken.
Public opinion during the period made it difficult for the Grant Administration to develop a coherent policy regarding the Southern states.
Simply put, they require that coherent states be preserved and that decoherence is managed, in order to actually perform quantum computation.
Decoherence shows how a macroscopic system interacting with a lot of microscopic systems ( e. g. collisions with air molecules or photons ) moves from being in a pure quantum state — which in general will be a coherent superposition ( see Schrödinger's cat )— to being in an incoherent mixture of these states.
A perfectly coherent state has a density matrix ( also called the " statistical operator ") that is a projection onto the pure coherent state, while a mixed state is described by a classical probability distribution for the pure states that make up the mixture.
This states that there is no obvious way in which a coherent system relates to anything that might exist outside of it.
The quantum harmonic oscillator and hence, the coherent states, arises in the quantum theory of a wide range of physical systems
In the quantum theory of light ( quantum electrodynamics ) and other bosonic quantum field theories, coherent states were introduced by the work of Roy J. Glauber in 1963.
However, the concept of coherent states has been considerably generalized, to the extent that it has become a major topic in mathematical physics and in applied mathematics, with applications ranging from quantization to signal processing and image processing ( see Coherent states in mathematical physics ).
For that reason, the coherent states associated to the quantum harmonic oscillator are usually called
canonical coherent states ( CCS ) or standard coherent states or Gaussian states in the literature.
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