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PAL and SECAM conversions do agitate, though, with the unpleasant choice between slowing down video ( and audio pitch, noticeably ) by four percent, from 25 to 24 frames per second, in order to maintain a 1: 1 frame match, slightly changing the rhythm and " feel " of the program ; or maintaining original speed by periodically dropping frames, thereby creating jerkiness and possible loss of vital detail in fast-moving action or precise edits.
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PAL and SECAM
Broadcasters using analog television systems encode their signal using NTSC, PAL or SECAM analog encoding and then use RF modulation to modulate this signal onto a Very high frequency ( VHF ) or Ultra high frequency ( UHF ) carrier.
The European / Australian PAL ( Phase Alternation Line rate ) and the French-Former Soviet Union SECAM ( Séquentiel Couleur Avec Mémoire ) standard were developed later and attempt to cure certain defects of the NTSC system.
SECAM, though, uses a different modulation approach than PAL or NTSC.
Even though this usage is common, it is misleading as that is not the original meaning of the terms PAL / SECAM / NTSC.
The same basic format ( with minor differences mainly related to timing and the encoding of color ) is used for PAL, NTSC and SECAM television systems.
* Television encoding: NTSC, PAL and SECAM
Depending on the video standard, the chrominance subcarrier may be either quadrature-amplitude-modulated ( NTSC and PAL ) or frequency-modulated ( SECAM ).
Chrominance is represented by the U-V color plane in PAL and SECAM video signals, and by the I-Q color plane in NTSC.
The two common SDTV signal types are 576i, with 576 interlaced lines of resolution, derived from the European-developed PAL and SECAM systems ; and 480i based on the American National Television System Committee NTSC system.
However, in other parts of the world that used the PAL or SECAM analog standards, standard-definition television is now usually shown with a 16: 9 aspect ratio, with the transition occurring between the mid-1990s and mid-2000s.
Digital SDTV in 4: 3 aspect ratio has the same appearance as regular analog TV ( NTSC, PAL, SECAM ) without the ghosting, snowy images and white noise.
Because SECAM transmits only one color at a time, it is free of the color artifacts present in NTSC and PAL resulting from the combined transmission of both signals.
The later PAL system also displays half the vertical resolution of NTSC ( i. e., the same as SECAM ).
This is normally done using a delay line like in SECAM ( the result is called PAL D or PAL Delay-Line, sometimes interpreted as DeLuxe ), but can be accomplished " visually " in cheap TV sets using PAL-S ( PAL simple ) decoders.
Because the FM modulation of SECAM's color sub carrier is insensitive to phase ( or amplitude ) errors, phase errors do not cause loss of color saturation in SECAM, although they do in PAL.
SECAM transmissions are more robust over longer distances than NTSC or PAL.
FM SECAM is a continuous spectrum, so unlike PAL and NTSC even a perfect digital Comb Filter could not entirely separate SECAM Colour and Luminance.
Other countries, notably the United Kingdom and Italy, briefly experimented with SECAM before opting for PAL.
In addition, SECAM development predates PAL.
NTSC was considered undesirable in Europe because of its tint problem requiring an additional control, which SECAM and PAL solved.
The joke was that " SECAM " stood for " Something exceedingly Contrary to the American Method " versus NTSC " Never Twice the Same Color " whilst " Peace At Last " or " Perfection At Last " could only be obtained through the PAL system.
According to this explanation, East German political authorities were well aware of West German television's popularity and adopted SECAM rather than the PAL encoding used in West Germany.
PAL and conversions
Square Enix have long been criticised by PAL gamers for their poor PAL conversions.
PAL and do
Until 2004, Japanese residents were able to send their systems to Nintendo directly for repairs / belt replacements, but Nintendo of America and the PAL regions do not service them ( as the system was not released in those regions ).
While computer DVD software / computer players can convert PAL to an NTSC video signal, not all store-bought players do.
Later PAL systems introduced alterations to ensure that Hanover bars do not occur, introducing a " swinging burst " to the color synchronization.
It was brought to North America the next year, and in 2008, was released in the PAL region, making it the second game in the series to do so.
30p can be preferable over 24p since performing a standards conversion to 25i PAL has fewer technical complexities-any NTSC-PAL converter will do.
Countries which use PAL at 25 frames per second do not use Telecine since motion picture sources are sped up 4 % to achieve the needed 25 frames per second.
To become a Platinum release it was required that a game have over 400, 000 total worldwide sales after generally one year on the market ( PAL region sales in particular ; games that sell over 400, 000 units in another region alone, such as Japan or the U. S., do not necessarily qualify for a Platinum title ).
However, PAL releases in countries like the United Kingdom and Germany keep almost every scene and musical number intact, mostly because US copyright laws do not apply in those countries.
The North American and PAL versions of the cartridge do not have a built in save feature ; all saved games are stored on a memory card ( the " Controller Pak ") attached to the Nintendo 64's controller.
The NTSC and PAL analog television standards do not specify official overscan amounts, and producers of television programming use their own guidelines.
As well as geographic region it also has to do with the language of the box art and booklets ; though PAL region Nintendo games are made in Germany, the triangles show the region that the game is shipped to.
PAL and though
However, owing to their FM nature, the color signal remains present, although at reduced amplitude, even in monochrome portions of the image, thus being subject to stronger cross color even though color crawl of the PAL type doesn't exist.
Most TVs currently sold in SECAM countries support both SECAM and PAL, and more recently composite video NTSC as well ( though not usually broadcast NTSC, that is, they cannot accept a broadcast signal from an antenna ).
35 mm movie cameras use a standard exposure rate of 24 FPS, though many cameras offer rates of 23. 976 FPS for NTSC television and 25 FPS for PAL / SECAM.
** The vertical deflection system operates the same way as the horizontal, though at a much lower frequency ( 59. 94 Hz on NTSC, 50 Hz for PAL and SECAM ).
Sold in the North American and Japanese consumer markets, the Nomad was never officially released in PAL territories such as Europe and Australia, though the unit retained its PAL / NTSC switch on the internal board.
VHF Band III is still used in other countries around Europe for PAL broadcasts, though many have plans to phase it out.
Russia has DVD ( PAL format ) releases for the first three seasons ( though the first few season three episodes are counted as season two ).
These scenes, though present in the Japanese and North American versions of the game, were omitted for the PAL region releases.
Known in Japan as " PC-Genjin " ( ＰＣ原人, PC-Primitive man, a pun on " PC Engine ") and as " BC Kid " in PAL territories, Bonk was a mascot for NEC's console, though only the first three Bonk games appeared on it.
The original game was re-released on the 3DS Virtual Console in Japan on February 15, 2012 and in PAL regions in May 17, 2012, though a North American release is yet to be confirmed.
Since the Philips Pattern is geared towards the PAL colour coding system, this test pattern is uncommon among NTSC broadcasters, though some, such as CBFT and CBMT in Canada, WBOY-TV and WNYW in the USA, DZBB-TV in the Philippines, Myawaddy TV in Myanmar and MBC in South Korea have used a 525 line version of it in the past.
Despite these accolades, as of July 2011 the film's only home video release in a primarily English-speaking country is a region 4-locked, " PAL " DVD-Video released in Australia by Madman Entertainment in 2008 ( catalogue MMA3985 ), though the Japanese ( region 2, " NTSC ") DVDs have English subtitles for the feature itself.
Initially, satellite systems broadcast using standard ( PAL ) signals though often scrambled to prevent people watching the channels without paying a subscription.
Cable also broadcasts using standard ( PAL ) signals though often scrambled to prevent people watching the channels without paying a subscription.
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