Although it had been through the support of the Barakzai chief, Painda Khan Barakzai, that he had come to the throne, Zaman soon began to remove prominent Barakzai leaders from positions of power and replace them with men of his own lineage, the Sadozai.

This upset the delicate balance of Durrani tribal politics that Ahmad Shah had established and may have prompted Painda Khan and other Durrani chiefs to plot against the shah.

Mahmud alienated the Barakzai, especially Fateh Khan, the son of Painda Khan, who was eventually seized and blinded.

Their leader Nawab Khan ( Father of Painda Khan ) never accepted the Durrani Rule and used to only pay them simple liege homage, whilst retaining titular independence in his own area.

Painda Khan Tanoli was the tribal chief of the Tanolis at the time of the invasion of Hazara by the Sikhs.

Painda Khan is famed for his staunch rebellion against Maharaja Ranjit Singh's Governors of Hazara.

The smaller Tanoli State of Phulra, which was granted by Painda Khan to his brother Madad Khan, was also acknowledged by the Britishers as a semi-independent state.

The Hindwal clan gradually began to gain ascendancy, and Mir Painda Khan of the Hindwal clan successfully united all Tanolis into one entity, which eventually became the princely states of Amb and Phulera.

Akazo is composed of Mohalla Urh Ibrahim, Khadar Khan Khel, Painda Khel, Sabi Khel, Pir Azgi and Niki Khel.

Initially, uptil the late-18th or early-19th centuries, Tanawal itself was not one consolidated state but an area where several important Tanoli chiefs each exterted his powers within a zone of influence, although the Hindwal section chiefs remained comparatively stronger and one of them, Mir Painda Khan, was finally able to bring the whole area under his sway. This picture is from 1917 Darband.

Mir Painda Khan: Mir Painda Khan is famed for his staunch rebellion against Maharaja Ranjit Singh's governors of Hazara.

From about 1813, Painda Khan spent a lifelong rebellion against the Sikhs, who, realising the potential dangers of his rebellion, set up forts at strategic locations to keep him in check.

In order to consolidate his hold on Tanawal and to unite the Tanoli people, Painda Khan had to first contend with his major rivals within the tribe itself, i. e. the chiefs of the Suba Khani / Pallal section, whom he subdued after a bitter struggle.

The District Gazetteer of the North West Frontier Province ( now Khyber-Pakhtoonkhwa ) ( p138 ) confirms, " Painda Khan, played a considerable part in the history of his time and vigorously opposed the Sikhs.

Mir Painda Khan set the tone for the regional resistance in Upper Hazara against Sikh rule.

Painda Khan also briefly took over the valley of Agror in 1834.

Eventually, realising that the Tanoli chief would not be subdued by force, General Dhaurikal Singh, commanding officer of the Sikh troops in Hazara, had Painda Khan poisoned to death in September 1844.

Was the son of Mir Painda Khan.

There was a long history of conflict between Jehandad Khan's family and the Sikhs, and the name of his father Painda Khan, was said to be ' magic to the ears of the people of Hazara ' because of the struggles he fought on behalf of his ' poor circumscribed and rugged principality ' against the Sikhs.

Abbot was aware that before his death Painda Khan had made his son ( Jehandad Khan ) swear never to trust his safety to any ruler ", and thus, he gave guarantees to Jehandad Khan that the semi-independent status of his hill principality would be respected formally within the writ of the larger Hazara district, following the annexation of the region by the British.

Painda Khan's son fled to Iran and pledged the substantial support of his Barakzai followers to a rival claimant to the throne, Zaman's older brother, Mahmud Shah.

Painda Khan's relentless rebellion against the Sikh empire, cost him a major portion of his fiefdom, leaving only his twin capitals Amb and Darband.

Abdur Rahman could only succeed in subjugating Hazaras and conquering their land when he effectively utilized internal differences within the Hazara community, co-opting sold-out Hazara chiefs into his bureaucratic sales of the enslaved Hazara men, women and children in 1897, the Hazaras remained de facto slaves until King Amanullah Khan declared Afghanistan's independence in 1919.

At the time of the Uzbek nomads Conquest of Central Asia, the Uzbek khan Abul-Khayr had differences with the Chinggisid chiefs Giray / Kirey and Janibeg / Janibek, descendants of Urus Khan.

The empire was governed by a non-democratic parliamentary-style central assembly, called Kurultai, in which the Mongol chiefs met with the Great Khan to discuss domestic and foreign policies.

In November 1840 he captured Khelat, and in the following year compelled Akbar Khan and other tribal chiefs to submit to the British.

Macnaghten tried to save the situation by negotiating with the Afghan chiefs and, independently of them, with Dost Mohammad's son, Akbar Khan, by whom he was captured and, on 23 December 1841, assassinated by Khan placing a pistol in Macnaghten's mouth.

The legend goes that two chiefs, Yusaf Khan and Nihang Khan, were deputed by Sikandar Lodhi ( 1489-1517 A. D .) to restore order in this region.

Sikandar, in answer to their prayer, sent two of his Lodi chiefs, by name Yusaf Khan and Nihang Khan, with an army.

Between April and October 1841, disaffected Afghan tribes were flocking to support Dost Mohammad's son, Akbar Khan, in Bamiyan and other areas north of the Hindu Kush mountains, organised into an effective resistance by chiefs such as Mir Masjidi Khan and others.

The rest of the Pindari chiefs, Tulsi, Imam Baksh, Sahib Khan, Kadir Baksh, Nathu and Bapu were allied with Holkar.

The Pindari chiefs Karim Khan and Wasil Mohammed had been present with their Durras at the battle of Mahidpur.

The overall Khan alternates every two years between the chiefs of the Chahar Lang and the Haft Lang.

When the Qajars had succeeded in restoring the unity of Persia, the sons of the Khan were no more able to maintain their independence than the other Caucasian chiefs and had to choose between Russia and Persia.

In the beginning of the reign of Karim Khan Zand, the Afghan Azad Khan revolted in Azerbaijan and later the Dumbuli Kurds of khoy and other tribal chiefs ruled various parts of the territory.

Messages were sent to Mir Ghulam Faruq of the Rudini tribe, Sardar Mehrab Khan, Sardar Mir Jumma and Mir Wazir Khan Sanjrani of Chagai, and several other chiefs.

After Adil Shah was made king Karim Khan and his soldiers defected from the army and along with Ali Morad Khan Bakhtiari and Abolfath Khan Haft Lang, two other local chiefs, became a major contender but was challenged by several adversaries.

Histrorical, well known and non-forgettable hero of time Mr. Noor Mohammed Khan Alizai well known by Mir Afghan ( Pashtons ' Leader ) who was a successful Afghan leader in Nadeer Afshaar's government and then Defence Minister in Durrani Abdali empire whose place is still laying vacant for his tribe.

* Ali Zai ( not to be confused with the Alizai of Dera Ismail Khan )

In the 18th century it formed part of the dominion of Ahmad Khan Durrani, and so remained under his son Timur.

After the decline of the Durrani dynasty in 1823, Dost Mohammad Khan established the Barakzai dynasty after becoming the next Emir of Afghanistan.

His father's old enemy Kabad Khan whom patronage of Timur Shah Durrani ( successor of Ahmad Shah Durrani ) had elevated to Chiefship of Kunduz sent a force against Muhammad Shah under Kubadcha they wintered at Sang i Mohr and were joined by Kabad Khan in person.

Throwing off his allegiance to Kabul when Timur Shah Durrani was marching against Sindh and Kashmir, Mizrab Bi grandson of Muhammad Bi ( old Chief of Kunduz ) uniting with Chief of Kubab attacked Kabad Khan, seized him and gave him to Mir Muhammad Shah who put him to death to avenge his father Mir Muhammad Shah returned to Badakhshan to find throne occupied by Bahadur Shah son of a former Chief who had taken Faizabad during captivity of Mir Muhammad Shah in Kunduz.

In cricket, Quetta is home to the Quetta Bears. in Bodybuilding, Din Mohammad Brohi ( Mr. Pakistan title ) Noorullah Khan Durrani.

In mountain climbing and caving, Hayatullah Khan Durrani ( Pride of Performance ), the chief executive of Hayat Durrani Water Sports Academy at Hanna Lake.

The princely state of Bahawalpur was founded in 1802 by Nawab Mohammad Bahawal Khan II after the breakup of the Durrani Empire.

The state was founded in 1802 by Nawab Mohammad Bahawal Khan Abbasi after the breakup of the Durrani Empire.

An ethnic Pashtun, he was the 11th son of Sardar Payendah Khan ( chief of the Barakzai tribe ) who was killed in 1799 by Zaman Shah Durrani.

His father, Payandah Khan, was chief of the Barakzai tribe and a civil servant in the Durrani dynasty.

His elder brother, the chief of the Barakzai, Fatteh Khan, took an important part in raising Mahmud Shah Durrani to the sovereignty of Afghanistan in 1800 and in restoring him to the throne in 1809.

Timur Shah the son of Ahmad Shah Durrani fled with Jahan Khan back to Kabul in Afghanistan. This victory take the Hindu Maratha Empire across Punjab up to Attock and Peshawar.

Muzzafar Khan Saddozai was the last Muslim governor of Multan of Durrani Empire, He was defeated by the Hindu General of Maharaja Ranjit Singh, Diwan Chand who destroyed the Durrani forces in Multan in 1818 and to celebrate the Victory destroyed the Mosques and Shrines of Muslim nobles.

Diwan Chand assisted by other Sikh general Hari Singh Nalwa met Jabbar Khan at Sophiyan where he routed Durrani Empire governor Jabbar Khan in 1819 and ended the 500 year Muslim Rule in Kashmir.

* 2003 A Mountaineering expedition team of Chiltan Adventures Association Balochistan led by Hayatullah Khan Durrani with coordination Malik Abdul Rahim Baabai & Noor Mohammad Khilji followed by Saad Tariq Saddiqi Manager of the team from Alpine Club of Pakistan ( Islamabad ) achieves ascent of the Southwest Spur / Ridge ( first ascent route.

Although Afghanistan ( Afghan Empire ) was made a state in 1747 by Ahmad Shah Durrani, the earliest Afghan constitution was written during the reign of Emir Abdur Rahman Khan in the 1890s followed by the 1923 version.