The Georgian alphabet is traditionally said to have been invented in the 5th century BC and reformed by King Parnavaz I of Iberia in 284 BC.

His story is saturated with legendary imagery and symbols, and it seems feasible that, as the memory of the historical facts faded, the real Parnavaz " accumulated a legendary façade " and emerged as the model pre-Christian monarch in the Georgian annals.

Parnavaz ’ s mother is claimed to have been an Iranian.

The name " Parnavaz " is also an illustrative example with its root par-being based upon the Persian farnah, the divine radiance believed by the ancient Iranians to mark a legitimate dynast ( cf.

The dynastic tag Parnavaziani (" of / from / named for Parnavaz ") is also preserved in the early Armenian histories as P ' arnawazean ( Faustus 5. 15 ; fifth century ) and P ' arazean ( Primary History of Armenia 14 ; probably the early fifth century ), an acknowledgment that a king named Parnavaz was understood to have been the founder of a Georgian dynasty.

The little Parnavaz ’ s family is destroyed, and his heritage is usurped by Azon installed by Alexander the Great during his mythic campaign in Kartli.

The rebels are also joined by 1, 000 soldiers from Azon's camp ; they are anachronistically referred to by the author as Romans, and claimed to have been entitled by the victorious Parnavaz as aznauri ( i. e., nobles ) after Azon ( this etymology is false, however ).

In the ensuing battle, Azon is defeated and killed, and Parnavaz becomes the king of Kartli at the age of twenty-seven.

Parnavaz is then reported to have embarked on social and cultural projects ; he supervises two building projects: the raising of the idol Armazi – reputedly named after him – on a mountain ledge and the construction of a similarly named fortress.

Apart from the similarity of the names of Pharasmanes and Parnavaz ( both names are apparently based on the same root, the Iranian farnah ), it is interesting to note that the king of Chorasmia in Central Asia reports Colchis ( today ’ s western Georgia, i. e., the western neighbor of ancient Kartli / Iberia ) to be a neighboring country.

Bartom is said to have adopted Kartam, the grandson of Kuji ( the alleged ruler of Egrisi in the time of the first Iberian king Parnavaz ).

Several modern scholars have been tempted to make identification between the Parnavaz of the medieval Georgian tradition and the Pharasmanes of the Greco-Roman historian Arrian, a 2nd century AD author of Anabasis Alexandri.

The Life of Kings, written c. 800, identifies Saurmag as the son and successor of Parnavaz, the founder of the Parnavaziani dynasty, and establishes a pattern of succession based upon primogeniture.

Based on the medieval evidence, most scholars locate Parnavaz ’ s rule in the 3rd century BC: 302 – 237 BC according to Prince Vakhusht, 299 – 234 BC according to Cyril Toumanoff and 284 – 219 BC according to Pavle Ingoroqva.

The modern Georgian scholar Levan Chilashvili, on the basis of dating the Nekresi inscription in eastern Georgia to the 1st – 2nd century AD, claimed that Parnavaz probably created the scripts in order to translate the Avesta ( sacred Zoroastrian writings ) into Georgian.

* Publius Canidius Crassus invaded Armenia and Iberia ( Georgia ); he forced Parnavaz II into an alliance against Zober, king of Albania.

According to the c. 800 chronicle The Life of Kings, Parnavaz had a distinguished genealogy, tracing back to Kartlos, the mythical ethnarch of Kartli.

The entire story of Parnavaz, although written by a Christian chronicler, abounds in ancient Iranian-like imagery and mystic allusions, a reflection of the archaeologically confirmed cultural and presumably political ties between Iran and Kartli of that time.

Perhaps the most artistically rounded section of the Georgian annals, the narrative follows Parnavaz ’ s life from birth to burial.

Parnavaz retrieves the treasure and exploits it to mount a loyal army against the tyrannical Azon.

Georgian historical tradition attributes the invention of the Georgian alphabets to the semi-mythical Parnavaz I of Iberia in the 3rd century BC.

It is also possible, but equally doubtful, that he actually shot down the hundreds of men with which his legend credits him.

Recognizing that the Rule of Law is `` a dynamic concept which should be employed not only to safeguard the civil and political rights of the individual in a free society '', the Congress asserted that it also included the responsibility `` to establish social, economic, educational and cultural conditions under which his legitimate aspirations and dignity may be realized ''.

At General Power's seat in the balcony there is also a gold phone.

In addition to the authentication and acknowledgment procedures which precede and follow the sending of the go messages, again in special codes, each message also contains an `` internal authenticator '', another specific signal to convince the recipient that he is getting the real thing.

He added that he also stresses the works of these favorite masters on tour, especially Mahler's First and Fourth symphonies, and Das Lied Von der Erde, and Bruckner's Sixth -- which is rarely played -- and Seventh.

The test of form is fidelity to the experience, a gauge also accepted by the abstract expressionist painters.

Though he is also concerned with freeing dance from pedestrian modes of activity, Merce Cunningham has selected a very different method for achieving his aim.

The answers derived by these means may determine not only the temporal organization of the dance but also its spatial design, special slips designating the location on the stage where the movement is to be performed.

It is because there is not only darkness but also light that our situation becomes inexplicable.

but there is also compassion.

also he is a drunk, and has lost his job on that account.

And if I have gone into so much detail about so small a work, that is because it is also so typical a work, representing the germinal form of a conflict which remains essential in Mann's writing: the crude sketch of Piepsam contains, in its critical, destructive and self-destructive tendencies, much that is enlarged and illuminated in the figures of, for instance, Naphta and Leverkuhn.

By `` image '' is meant not only a visual presentation, but also remembered sensations of any of the five senses plus the feelings which are immediately conjoined therewith.

he is questioning, also, every epistemology which stems from Hume's presupposition that experience is merely sense data in abstraction from causal efficacy, and that causal efficacy is something intellectually imputed to the world, not directly perceived.

it is true that they are also extremely dull.

Now the detective must save his own skin by informing on the girl he loves, who is also the real murderer.

But it is also the climax to one of the absorbing chapters in our current political history.

Since a civilizational crisis involves also a crisis in private interests and in the ruling class, reaction is normally found among those who feel themselves to be among the ruling class.

`` The Rocking Horse Winner '' is also a story about a boy's love for his mother.

Evidence is plentiful that early and later also he has been indebted to the Gothic romancers, who deal in extravagant horror, to the symbolists writing at the end of the preceding century, and in particular to the stream-of-consciousness novelists, Henry James and James Joyce among them.