Charles Stewart Parnell, a young Irish nationalist Member of Parliament ( MP ), who in 1880 became leader of the Irish Parliamentary Party, joined him in this tactic to obstruct the business of the House and force the Liberals and Conservatives to negotiate with him and his party.

Initially a passionate supporter of Parnell, he became disenchanted with his leader after the first clash occurred in 1886 when Healy opposed Parnell's party nomination of Captain William O ’ Shea to stand for Galway City.

Following the ensuing O ' Shea divorce controversy which revealed that the party leader had had a lengthy family relationship with the wife of a fellow MP, whom he later married and was the father of three of her children, Healy felt unable to again give way to Parnell.

When Parnell asked his colleagues at one party meeting " Who is the master of the party?

This was followed by a telegram from John Devoy in October 1878 which offered Parnell a " New Departure " deal of separating militancy from the constitutional movement as a path to all-Ireland self-government, under certain conditions: abandonment of a federal solution in favour of separatist self-government, vigorous agitation in the land question on the basis of peasant proprietorship, exclusion of all sectarian issues, collective voting by party members and energetic resistance to coercive legislation.

For the next 20 years, the IRB ceased to be an important force in Irish politics, leaving Parnell and his party the leaders of the nationalist movement in Ireland.

Parnell at first supported a Conservative government-they were still the smaller party after the elections-but after renewed agrarian distress arose when agricultural prices fell and unrest developed during 1885, Lord Salisbury ’ s Conservative government announced coercion measures in January 1886.

When the annual party leadership election was held on 25 November, this threat was not conveyed to the members whom Parnell managed to control, until they loyally re-elected their ' chief ' in his office.

Parnell issued a manifesto ' To the people of Ireland ' on 29 November saying a section of the party had lost its independence, and Gladstone's terms for Home Rule were inadequate.

The party tried desperately to achieve a compromise, with Parnell retiring temporarily.

During the meeting, Parnell had challenged Gladstone's intervention with the question, " Who is the master of the party?

by Nabu Press, 2010, ISBN 978-1-177-88693-2When Parnell was rejected by the majority of his parliamentary party, McCarthy assumed its chairmanship, a position which he held until 1896.

In July 1877 Butt threatened to resign from the party if obstruction continued, and a gulf developed between himself and Parnell, who was growing steadily in the estimation of both the Fenians and the Home Rulers.

Although Parnell and some other Home Rulers, such as Isaac Butt, were Protestants, Parnell's party was overwhelmingly Catholic.

The Irish Parliamentary Party ( IPP ; commonly called the Irish Party or the Home Rule Party ; in Irish Páirtí Parlaiminteach na hÉireann ) was formed in 1882 by Charles Stewart Parnell, the leader of the Nationalist Party, replacing the Home Rule League, as official parliamentary party for Irish nationalist Members of Parliament ( MPs ) elected to the House of Commons at Westminster within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland up until 1918.

An internal struggle began between Butt ’ s majority and Parnell ’ s minority leading to a rift in the party, Parnell determined to obtain control of the Home Rule League.

Isaac Butt died of strain later that year and Parnell held back in grabbing control of the party.

Parnell successfully exposed a devious Conservative intrigue to associate him and his party with crime and violence through forged " Pigott Papers " from which he was vindicated in February 1890.

Parnell did not disclose this to his party and was selected leader on 25 November.

He fled to America accompanied by Dillon who was on bail, then to France where both held negotiations with Parnell at Boulogne-sur-Mer over the leadership of the party.

The UIL was explicitly designed to reconcile the various parliamentary fragments existing since the Parnell split, which proved very popular, its branches sweeping over most of the country organised by its general secretary John O ' Donnell, dictating to the demoralised Irish party leaders the terms for reconstruction, not only of the party but the nationalist movement in Ireland.

Parnell left the day-to-day running of the INL in the hands of his lieutenants Timothy Harrington as Secretary, William O ’ Brien, editor of its newspaper United Ireland, and Timothy Healy.

During the agrarian crisis, which intensified in 1886 and launched the Plan of Campaign organised by Parnell ’ s lieutenants, he chose in the interest of Home Rule not to associate himself with it.

Parnell rode roughshod over his lieutenants Healy, Dillon and O ' Brien who were not in favour of O ' Shea.

In that great work none of Parnell ’ s lieutenants did so much as William O ’ Brien .”

Parnell together with all of his party lieutenants went into a bitter verbal offensive and were imprisoned in October 1881 under the Irish Coercion Act in Kilmainham Jail for " sabotaging the Land Act ", from where the No-Rent Manifesto was issued, calling for a national tenant farmer rent strike which was partially followed.

Constitutional nationalism enjoyed its greatest success in the 1880s and 1890s when the Irish Parliamentary Party under Charles Stewart Parnell succeeded in having two Home Rule bills introduced by the Liberal government of William Ewart Gladstone, though both failed.

After Butt's death the Home Rule Movement, or the Irish Parliamentary Party as it had become known, was turned into a major political force under the guidance of William Shaw and in particular a radical young Protestant landowner, Charles Stewart Parnell.

Claude William Parnell, 1916 – 1918.

* Members of Sturges's unofficial " stock company " of character actors who appear in Sullivan's Travels include George Anderson, Al Bridge, Chester Conklin, Jimmy Conlin, William Demarest, Robert Dudley, Byron Foulger, Robert Greig, Harry Hayden, Esther Howard, Arthur Hoyt, J. Farrell MacDonald, Torben Meyer, Charles R. Moore, Frank Moran, Jack Norton, Franklin Pangborn, Emory Parnell, Victor Potel, Dewey Robinson, Harry Rosenthal, Julius Tannen and Robert Warwick.

* Many members of Sturges ' unofficial " stock company " of character actors appear in The Miracle of Morgan's Creek, among them Al Bridge, Georgia Caine, Chester Conklin, Jimmy Conlin, William Demarest, Robert Dudley, Byron Foulger, Esther Howard, Arthur Hoyt, J. Farrell MacDonald, George Melford, Torben Meyer, Frank Moran, Jack Norton, Emory Parnell, Victor Potel, Harry Rosenthal, Julius Tannen and Max Wagner.

As a result, Parnell and other leaders, including John Dillon and William O ' Brien, were imprisoned in Kilmainham Gaol on 13 October 1881.

Parnell however brought Healy into the Irish Party ( IPP ) and supported him as a nationalist candidate for Wexford in 1880 – 83 against the aspiring John Redmond whose father, William Archer Redmond, was its recently deceased MP.

Parnell's grandfather William Parnell ( 1780 – 1821 ), who inherited the Avondale Estate in 1795, was a liberal Irish MP for Wicklow from 1817 – 1820.

Whilst in gaol, Parnell moved in April 1882 to make a deal with the government, negotiated through Captain William O ' Shea MP, that, provided the government settled the " rent arrears " question allowing 100, 000 tenants to appeal for fair rent before the land courts, then withdrawing the manifesto and undertaking to move against agrarian crime, after he realised militancy would never win Home Rule.

Parnell is toasted in the famous 1938 poem of William Butler Yeats, " Come Gather Round Me, Parnellites ", while he is also referred to in " To a Shade ".

From the late nineteenth century, Irish leaders of the Home Rule League, the predecessor of the Irish Parliamentary Party, under Isaac Butt, William Shaw, and Charles Stewart Parnell demanded a form of home rule, with the creation of an Irish parliament within the British government of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland.

He was replaced by William Shaw, who in turn was replaced by Charles Stewart Parnell in 1880.

Charles Stewart Parnell was imprisoned in Kilmainham Gaol, along with most of his parliamentary colleagues, in 1881-82 when he signed the Kilmainham Treaty with William Gladstone.

The younger John Redmond, son of William Archer Redmond was a devoted follower of Charles Stewart Parnell and leader of the Irish Parliamentary Party until his death in April 1918.

The GAA's nationalist aspect was further enhanced upon its creation with the appointment of Charles Stewart Parnell, leader of the Irish Parliamentary Party, and Michael Davitt, head of the Land League, to become patrons of the association, whilst the nationalist MP, William O ' Brien, offered to provide space for weekly articles and notices within his newspaper, United Ireland.

Appearing in McGinty are: George Anderson, Jimmy Conlin, William Demarest, Byron Foulger, Harry Hayden, Esther Howard, Arthur Hoyt, George Melford, Charles R. Moore, Frank Moran, Emory Parnell, Victor Potel, Dewey Robinson, Harry Rosenthal and Robert Warwick.

His association with Parnell and the Irish Parliamentary Party ( IPP ) led to his arrest and imprisonment with Parnell, Dillon, William Redmond and other nationalist leaders in Kilmainham Gaol that October.

Again imprisoned for agitation in October 1881 together with Parnell, William O ’ Brien and others in Kilmainham Gaol, he signed the No Rent Manifesto in solidarity although not fully in agreement with it.

He returned to Ireland by way of Boulogne, where he and William O ' Brien held long and indecisive discussions with Parnell after his divorce crisis over his continued leadership of the Irish Parliamentary Party.

Katharine first met Parnell in 1880, when she was married to but already separated from Captain William O ' Shea, a Catholic Nationalist MP for Galway borough.