Alan Davidson, editor of the Oxford Companion to Food, found no printed recipe for the present-day croissant in any French recipe book before the early 20th century ; the earliest French reference to a croissant he found was among the " fantasy or luxury breads " in Payen's Des substances alimentaires, 1853.

The book draws its information on the marriage from local church cartularies dealing chiefly with the disposition of the Grand Master's properties, the earliest alluding to Elizabeth as his wife in 1113, and others spanning Payen's lifetime, the period following his death and lastly her own death in 1170.

They could be compared musically and philosophically with the M-Base movement and artists such as M-Base founder Steve Coleman, Belgian ensemble Octurn, Stéphane Payen's Thôt, Sylvain Cathala's Print, Vijay Iyer, and Rudresh Mahanthappa to name a few.

Payen's conclusion, however, does not follow unambiguously from his data.

Enlargement of the City Council and a new method of selecting members will be discussed tomorrow.

More unitized lumber is being shipped on flat cars, and NLRDA studies show that flat cars loaded with the new Type 6-B floating-load method can be unloaded for as little as $.054/mbf.

Each dictionary form is looked up in the text-form list by the same method used to look up a new text occurrence in the form list during text reading.

Although the first polyether foams on the market had to be produced by the two-step prepolymer method, today, thanks to new catalysts, they can be produced by a one-shot technique.

Van Vogt systematized his writing method, using scenes of 800 words or so where a new complication was added or something resolved.

An effort to develop a new method might involve the use of a tunable laser to increase the specificity and sensitivity of a spectrometric method.

Bernard Lievegoed, a psychiatrist, founded a new method of individual and institutional development oriented towards humanizing organizations and linked with Steiner's ideas of the threefold social order.

Labor arbitration comes in two varieties: interest arbitration, which provides a method for resolving disputes about the terms to be included in a new contract when the parties are unable to agree, and grievance arbitration, which provides a method for resolving disputes over the interpretation and application of a collective bargaining agreement.

The rationalistic method pursued by the new school of Maimonists ( including Levi ben Abraham ben Chayyim of Villefranche, near the town of Perpignan, and Jacob Anatolio ) especially provoked his indignation ; for the sermons preached and the works published by them seemed to resolve the entire Scriptures into allegory and threatened to undermine the Jewish faith and the observance of the Law and tradition.

The discovery and elucidation of aberration is now regarded as a classic case of the application of scientific method, in which observations are made to test a theory, but unexpected results are sometimes obtained that in turn lead to new discoveries.

Foremost among the new doubters were the empiricists, the advocates of scientific method, with its emphasis on experimentation and reliance on evidence gathered from sensory experience.

The classic interpretation of blitzkrieg is that of German tactical and operational methodology in the first half of the Second World War that was often hailed as a new method of warfare.

It does not treat in any detail operational and tactical matters, and does not suggest that the German armed forces have evolved a radically new operational method.

In recent years a large number of writers and historians have come to the conclusion it was not a new form of warfare invented by the German military, but an old method of pursuing decisive battles using new technology.

In an article addressed to critics of tank warfare, he wrote " until our critics can produce some new and better method of making a successful land attack other than self-massacre, we shall continue to maintain our beliefs that tanks — properly employed, needless to say — are today the best means available for land attack.

* Leslie Geddes ( deceased )- Professor Emeritus at Purdue University, electrical engineer, inventor, and educator of over 2000 biomedical engineers, received a National Medal of Technology in 2006 from President George Bush for his more than 50 years of contributions that have spawned innovations ranging from burn treatments to miniature defibrillators, ligament repair to tiny blood pressure monitors for premature infants, as well as a new method for performing cardiopulmonary resuscitation ( CPR ).

In 1974, David Berg introduced a new proselytization method called Flirty Fishing ( or FFing ), which encouraged female members to show God's love by engaging in sexual activity with potential converts.

The birth of the new discipline was not without controversy, the practical dictionary-makers being sometimes accused of " astonishing " lack of method and critical-self reflection.

Zone distillation: a new method of refining // Problems of atomic science and technology, 2011.

In August 2012, Steven Barker, Ethan McIlHenny, and Rick Strassman, developed a new method to measure the three known endogenous hallucinogens and their major N-oxide metabolites in blood, urine, cerebrospinal fluid, ocular fluid and / or other tissues by using state-of-the-art liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry ( LC / MS ) equipment.

Some of the most influential contemporary classical double bass players are known as much for their contributions to pedagogy as for their performing skills, such as US bassist Oscar G. Zimmerman ( 1910 – 1987 ), known for his teaching at the Eastman School of Music and, for 44 summers at the Interlochen National Music Camp in Michigan and French bassist François Rabbath ( b. 1931 ) who developed a new bass method that divided the entire fingerboard into six positions.

Distance education dates to at least as early as 1728, when " an advertisement in the Boston Gazette ... ' Caleb Phillips, Teacher of the new method of Short Hand " was seeking students for lessons to be sent weekly.

The second half of the 20th century also saw the publication of several encyclopedias that were notable for synthesizing important topics in specific fields, often by means of new works authored by significant researchers.

Weimar Classicism (" Weimarer Klassik ") was a cultural and literary movement based in Weimar that sought to establish a new humanism by synthesizing Romantic, classical, and Enlightenment ideas.

Given a simple mathematical or functional description of an input or output to a system, the Laplace transform provides an alternative functional description that often simplifies the process of analyzing the behavior of the system, or in synthesizing a new system based on a set of specifications.

The degradation process yields peptides of about seven to eight amino acids long, which can then be further degraded into amino acids and used in synthesizing new proteins.

Learning is acquiring new, or modifying existing, knowledge, behaviors, skills, values, or preferences and may involve synthesizing different types of information.

A new era of telescope making was inaugurated by the Multiple Mirror Telescope ( MMT ), with a mirror composed of six segments synthesizing a mirror of 4. 5 meters diameter.

Most computational neuroscientists collaborate closely with experimentalists in analyzing novel data and synthesizing new models of biological phenomena.

Iron is the " starting material " ( or seed ) for this neutron capture – beta-minus decay sequence of synthesizing new elements.

Xcode 4. 4 includes support for automatic synthesizing of declared properties, new Objective-C features such as literal syntax and subscripting, improved localization, and more.

Although glucose absorption from the gut is not typically a source of glucose appearance during exercise, the liver is capable of catabolizing stored glycogen ( glycogenolysis ) as well as synthesizing new glucose from specific reduced carbon molecules ( glycerol, pyruvate, and lactate ) in a process called gluconeogenesis.

RNase H plays a role in the priming of the (+)- strand, but not in the conventional method of synthesizing a new primer sequence.

Along with Whyte, he is credited with successfully synthesizing jangle pop and American rockabilly to create a new sound for Morrissey that helped to revitalize his career.

Currently, he is synthesizing these concepts with some new ideas he calls sculpturing free space ( a non-linear analogue of what has popularly been described as folding the perfect corner ).

* Method of focal objects: synthesizing seemingly non-matching characteristics of different objects into something new

This survey went through new editions in 1958 and 1970, each synthesizing scholarship in the field for students and the general public.

This site was not sensitive to the same inhibitors as those at the AMP allosteric site, and most success has been had synthesizing new inhibitors that mimic the structure of glucose, since glucose-6-phosphate is a known inhibitor of HLPG and stabilizes the less active T-state.

The technique of focal object for problem solving involves synthesizing the seemingly non-matching characteristics of different objects into something new.

These standards include evaluating the information and its source, synthesizing the information to create new ideas or products, and understanding the societal, legal, and economic issues surrounding its use.

He worked independently of the academic establishment, carrying out little original research but synthesizing existing scholarship into provocative new lines of reasoning.

After strand invasion, a DNA polymerase extends the end of the invading 3 ' strand by synthesizing new DNA.