Calculations were carried out using a yupana ( Quechua for " counting tool "; see figure ) which was still in use after the conquest of Peru.

The Chilean Army and Chilean Navy defeated the combined forces of Bolivia and Peru, and Chile took over Bolivia's only province on the Pacific Coast, some land from Peru, also-that was returned to Peru decades later.

Although amaranth was cultivated on a large scale in ancient Mexico, Guatemala, and Peru, nowadays it is only cultivated on a small scale there, along with India, China, Nepal, and other tropical countries ; thus, there is potential for further cultivation in those countries, as well as in the U. S. In a 1977 article in Science, amaranth was described as " the crop of the future.

The Kingdom of Peru was the entire South American Sub-continent.

Dependent on the Kingdom of Peru was the Captainship General of Chile

Phillip's plan was for a squadron of three ships of the line and a frigate to mount a raid on Buenos Aires and Monte Video, then to proceed to the coasts of Chile, Peru and Mexico to maraud, and ultimately to cross the Pacific to join the British Navy's East India squadron for an attack on Manila.

The aim of the expedition was to measure the length of a degree along a meridian, close to the pole, and compare the result with a similar expedition to Peru, today in Ecuador, near the equator.

ARIN formerly covered Argentina, Aruba, Belize, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Dutch West Indies, Ecuador, El Salvador, Falkland Islands ( UK ), French Guiana, Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, Uruguay, and Venezuela until LACNIC was formed.

The Latin American Free Trade Association ( LAFTA ) was created in the 1960 Treaty of Montevideo by Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Mexico, Paraguay, Peru, and Uruguay.

The grouping was originally Argentina, Brazil, and Chile in one group, Colombia, Chile, Peru, Uruguay, and Venezuela in the second group, and the last group which included Bolivia, Ecuador, and Paraguay.

Costa Rica was among the first to call for a postponement of the May 22 elections in Peru when international observer missions found electoral machinery not prepared for the vote count.

The PCC is a biennial event, and was held for the second time in Lima, Peru, in November 2010.

The first census in Peru was carried out in 1836.

The Cook Islands was not the only island group visited by the traders, but Penrhyn Atoll was their first port of call and it has been estimated that three-quarters of the population was taken to Callao, Peru.

Although by this time Diego de Almagro had already acquired sufficient wealth in the conquest of Peru and was living a luxurious life in Cuzco, the prospect of conquering the lands further south was very attractive to him.

Almagro was able to put together a force of 500 men, many of which had come with him to Peru.

He was urged, however, to return to Peru and this time take definitive possession of Cuzco so as to consolidate an inheritance for his son.

Upon his return to Peru in 1537, Almagro was bitter and eager to once and for all claim the riches of the city of Cuzco for himself.

However by Ministerial Resolution No 139-2012 / DE / EP of February 2, 2012 the restoration of the Cavalry Regiment " Marshal Domingo Nieto " as the official escort of the President of the Republic of Peru was announced.

* 1540 – Arequipa, Peru, is founded.

* 1535 – Spanish conquistador Francisco Pizarro founded Lima, the capital of Peru.

* 1551 – National University of San Marcos, the oldest university in the Americas, is founded in Lima, Peru.

It was an offshoot of the Communist Party of Peru — Bandera Roja ( red flag ), which in turn split from the original Peruvian Communist Party, a derivation of the Peruvian Socialist Party founded by José Carlos Mariátegui in 1928.

* January 18 – Lima, Peru, is founded by Francisco Pizarro.

* The city of Cusco, Peru is founded.

* May 12 – The National University of San Marcos is founded in Lima ( Peru ), being the first officially established university in the Americas.

Control over the former Inca lands had been entrusted to Pedro de la Gasca by the Spanish king ( and Holy Roman Emperor ) Emperor Charles V. Gasca commanded Alonso de Mendoza to found a new city commemorating the end of the civil wars in Peru ; the city of La Paz was founded on October 20, 1548.

RIM was founded in 1984 and included such notable organizations as the Communist Party of Peru ( PCP ), also known as " Sendero Luminoso " or " Shining Path ," the then Communist Party of Nepal ( Maoist ), now known as the Unified Communist Party of Nepal ( Maoist ) UCPN ( M ), and the Revolutionary Communist Party USA ( RCP ( USA )).

Mission San Francisco Solano was founded on July 4, 1823, and named for Francis Solanus, a missionary to the Indians of Peru born in Montilla, Spain, known as the " Wonder Worker of the New World.

While at Stanford, Toledo founded and continues to serve as the President of the Global Center for Development and Democracy, based in Latin America, the United States, and the European Union which ' aims to help Peru and Latin American countries build institutional bases for greater stability, with a wide political commitment to democracy, that is decentralized and equal to all ".

Riverview ( originally called Peru ) was founded in 1856 on the Alafia River's south shore.

Fallabella, founded in 1889, has opened branches in Argentina, Colombia, and Peru, with París-its main Chilean competitor-coming on its heels.

The Viceroyalty of Peru was founded under his reign.

According to Broadleft. org, the oldest communist party in Peru is the Partido Comunista Peruano ( PCP-Unidad ), founded in 1928, by José Carlos Mariátegui, under the name Partido Socialista del Perú.

Another party that also considers itself the Communist Party of Peru is the Partido Comunista del Perú – Patria Roja, founded in 1970, and now, as of 2006, headed by Alberto Moreno.

The Peruvian Communist Party was founded with the name of Peruvian Socialist Party ( Partido Socialista del Perú ) by José Carlos Mariátegui, it is considered the first Communist Party of Peru.

In 1519 Dávila founded Darién, then in 1524 he founded Panama City and moved his capital there laying the basis for the exploration of South America's west coast and the subsequent conquest of Peru.

* Wong ( supermarket ), a supermarket chain in Peru, founded by Chinese-Peruvians

The chocolate quickly sold, and Lick convinced his neighbor and friend in Peru, the confectioner Domingo Ghirardelli, to move to San Francisco, where he founded the Ghirardelli Chocolate Company.

The firm was founded in 1978 by Ralph Appelbaum ( b. 1942 ), a graduate of Pratt Institute and former Peace Corps volunteer ( in Peru ).

That same year, he worked in Lima, Peru and founded that country's first academic anesthesiology department.

Possible Peru has its roots in an earlier political party, País Posible, which was founded by the economist Alejandro Toledo in 1994.