Phenanthrene is nearly insoluble in water but is soluble in most organic solvents such as toluene, carbon tetrachloride, ether, chloroform, acetic acid and benzene.

Phenanthrene appears as a white powder having blue fluorescence.

Phenanthrene can also be obtained photochemically from certain diarylethenes.

It is important to realize that the word problem is in fact solvable for many groups G. For example, polycyclic groups have solvable word problems since the normal form of an arbitrary word in a polycyclic presentation is readily computable ; other algorithms for groups may, in suitable circumstances, also solve the word problem, see the Todd – Coxeter algorithm and the Knuth – Bendix completion algorithm.

In some gasifiers this process is preceded by pyrolysis, where the biomass or coal is first converted to char, releasing methane and tar rich in polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.

Of major concern is the fact that the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons found in tobacco smoke are potent inducers of CYP1A2 so that smokers may require significant modification of medication dosage.

Anthracene is a solid polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon consisting of three fused benzene rings.

Like many other polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons ( PAH ), anthracene is carcinogenic as listed by OSHA.

According to a study by Slabunov ( 1999 ): " The Belomorian Province is a mobile belt that evolved in a polycyclic manner.

When this requirement is not enforced, for example in the adamantanone or other polycyclic ketones, the enolization is impossible or very slow.

Coronene ( also known as superbenzene ) is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon ( PAH ) comprising six peri-fused benzene rings.

This model is used for describing polycyclic hydrocarbons consisting of condensed systems of benzenoid rings in which no C atom belongs to more than two rings and every C atom is on the periphery.

It is dissimilar to soot in its much higher surface-area-to-volume ratio and significantly lower ( negligible and non-bioavailable ) PAH ( polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon ) content.

Benzopyrene is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon found in coal tar with the formula C < sub > 20 </ sub > H < sub > 12 </ sub >.

Methylcholanthrene ( MCA ) is a highly carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon produced by burning organic compounds at very high temperatures.

Pentalene is a polycyclic hydrocarbon composed of two fused cyclopentadiene rings.

* A study has shown that church air is harmful and likely to contain carcinogenic polycyclic hydrocarbons when compared to roads travelled by 45, 000 cars per day.

The border of a hive is described as polycyclic, or made up of many circles, and changes as fluid leaks out and then is absorbed.

The Apiaceae ( or Umbelliferae ), commonly known as carrot or parsley family, is a group of mostly aromatic plants with hollow stems.

An aromatic hydrocarbon or arene ( or sometimes aryl hydrocarbon ) is a hydrocarbon with alternating double and single bonds between carbon atoms forming rings.

The configuration of six carbon atoms in aromatic compounds is known as a benzene ring, after the simplest possible such hydrocarbon, benzene.

Benzene, C < sub > 6 </ sub > H < sub > 6 </ sub >, is the simplest aromatic hydrocarbon and was recognized as the first aromatic hydrocarbon, with the nature of its bonding first being recognized by Friedrich August Kekulé von Stradonitz in the 19th century.

In aromatic substitution one substituent on the arene ring, usually hydrogen, is replaced by another substituent.

The two main types are electrophilic aromatic substitution when the active reagent is an electrophile and nucleophilic aromatic substitution when the reagent is a nucleophile.

In radical-nucleophilic aromatic substitution the active reagent is a radical.

Ambergris is the waxy aromatic substance created in the intestines of sperm whales and was used in making perfumes both in ancient times as well as modern.

This type of reaction is found mainly in aliphatic hydrocarbons, and rarely in aromatic hydrocarbon.

This reaction takes place almost exclusively in aromatic hydrocarbons, where it is called electrophilic aromatic substitution.

The electrophile attack results in the so-called σ-complex, a transition state in which the aromatic system is abolished.

An alternative to aromatic substitution is electrophilic aliphatic substitution.

Wheat, corn and rice are used to produce Chinese liquor which is clear and aromatic, containing approximately 60 % alcohol.

The DNA double helix is stabilized primarily by two forces: hydrogen bonds between nucleotides and base-stacking interactions among the aromatic nucleobases.

Like caraway, its fernlike leaves are aromatic and are used to flavor many foods, such as gravlax ( cured salmon ), borscht and other soups, and pickles ( where the dill flower is sometimes used ).

Vermouth is a fortified wine flavored with aromatic herbs and spices (" aromatized " in the trade ) using closely guarded recipes ( trade secrets ).

Mastic ( aromatic, ivory coloured resin ) is grown on the Aegean island of Chios.

Juniper-Flavoured Spirit Drinks-This represents the earliest class of gin, which is produced by pot distilling alcoholic grain wash and redistilling it with botanicals to extract the aromatic compounds.

Lemon balm is used in some variations of the Colgate Herbal toothpaste for its soothing and aromatic properties.

* Synthetic-tanned leather is tanned using aromatic polymers such as the Novolac or Neradol types ( syntans, contraction for synthetic tannins ).

Related to micelle formation is the technologically important ability of detergent actives to congregate at oil - water interfaces in such a manner that the polar ( or ionized ) end of the molecule is directed towards the aqueous phase and the hydrocarbon chain towards the oily phase.

There is no limit to the number of carbon atoms that can be linked together, the only limitation being that the molecule is acyclic, is saturated, and is a hydrocarbon.

Generally, the chemical equation for stoichiometric burning of hydrocarbon in oxygen is

Generally, the chemical equation for stoichiometric incomplete combustion of hydrocarbon in oxygen is as follows:

The simple word equation for the combustion of a hydrocarbon in oxygen is:

The simple word equation for this type of combustion is hydrocarbon in air:

For example, an " X " is used to indicate a variable group amongst a class of compounds ( though usually a halogen ), while " R " is used for a radical, meaning a compound structure such as a hydrocarbon chain.

Food is similar to hydrocarbon fuel and carbohydrate fuels, and when it is oxidized, its caloric content is similar ( though not assessed in the same way as a hydrocarbon fuel — see food energy ).